Green Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Annona squamosa Leaves: Optical and Structural Properties with Bactericidal, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-angiogenesis Applications

A hydrothermal method was employed for green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots (GCDs) from Annona squamosa leaves. The synthesized GCDs were confirmed by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as: High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), UV-Vis spectrometry, Fluorescence spectrometry, X-Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The produced GCDs had shown multiple properties, including massive antibacterial activity at concentration 200 mu g/ml. The stabilization of human red blood cells served as a method to assess the anti-inflammatory activity. We also looked at how GCDs affected the angiogenesis process. The density of blood vessels was significantly decreased after treatment with GCDs, according to the results of the Chorio-Allantoic Membrane assay (p < 0.05). As per the study prepared GCDs from fallen leaves of Annona squamosa have multifunctional applications.

Automated summary

A hydrothermal method was used to synthesize green fluorescent carbon dots (GCDs) from Annona squamosa leaves. The synthesized GCDs were confirmed using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The GCDs showed various properties, including strong antibacterial activity and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, the GCDs were found to affect the angiogenesis process by decreasing blood vessel density.