Sustainable construction project of electric vehicle charging stations: A risk-based hybrid decision-making approach

Nowadays, a serious environmental challenge is the pollution emitted by combustion engine vehicles. Govern-ments have found that replacing these with electric vehicles (EVs) is a viable solution for sustainable trans-portation. The sustainable operation of fast charging stations for EVs is a critical parameter in these vehicles' popularity. Herein, a propose a model for the sustainable evaluation of energy sources of charging stations based on the R-numbers and combined compromise solution method (R-COCOSO). The construction of EV charging stations is done based on new and developing technologies, and they are often expensive, complex, and high-risk. Thus, we developed the combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS) method based on R-numbers to assess the project risk. Moreover, a linear programming model was developed to assess the contractors' risk response and the optimal allocation of their workload based on R-numbers and the epsilon-constraint approach. A real case of building charging stations in Tehran, Iran, was presented to test the accuracy of the model.

Automated summary

The sustainable evaluation of energy sources for EV charging stations is crucial. We propose a model based on R-numbers and combined compromise solution method (R-COCOSO) to assess the sustainability of these stations. We also developed the CODAS method based on R-numbers to evaluate project risk, and a linear programming model to optimize workload allocation and contractors' risk response based on R-numbers and the epsilon-constraint approach. A real case in Tehran, Iran, was used to validate the accuracy of the model.