Applications of Genomics, Metabolomics, Fourier Transform Infrared in the Evaluation of Spoilage Targets of Shewanella putrefaciens from Spoiled Bigeye Tuna

Shewanella putrefaciens is a typicalspoiler thatis commonly found in seafood and has high spoilage potential. However,the spoilage mechanism against Shewanella putrefaciens at the gene and metabolism levels has not been well elucidated.This work determined the spoilage targets on Shewanella putrefaciens XY07 from spoiled bigeye tuna by genome sequencing, metabolomics,and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Shewanellaputrefaciens XY07 contained some genes on spoilage regulatingof cys genes, his genes, spe genes and rpoS gene involved in sulfurmetabolism, histidine metabolism, arginine and proline degradation,and biofilm formation at the genome level, respectively. Some spoilagegenes like speC, cysM, trxB genes were identified.In addition, ABC transporters, arginine and proline metabolism; beta-alaninemetabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; histidine metabolism;sulfur metabolism; and lipid metabolism were identified as importantpathways related to aquatic food during spoilage, which indicatedthe functions of amino acid degradation in S. putrefaciens XY 07 by metabolomics analysis. The metabolites of l-ornithine,5-aminopentanoate, and 4-aminobutyraldehyde could be further metabolizedto spermidine and spermine, producing a spoilage odor, and were involvedin arginine and proline metabolism serving as key spoilage regulatingmetabolisms. Therefore, Shewanella putrefaciens XY07was applied to genomics, metabolomics analysis, and FTIR to providecomprehensive insight into the investigation of spoilage targets.

Automated summary

Spoilage targets of Shewanella putrefaciens XY07 were determined by genome sequencing, metabolomics, and FTIR analysis. Metabolomics analysis revealed the importance of amino acid degradation in S. putrefaciens XY07.