Bio-based polyamide nanocomposites of nanoclay, carbon nanotubes and graphene: a review

Bio-based polyamides (PAs) and their nanocomposites with nanoclay, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene and their uses are studied mainly for automobile, flame retardant, packaging, and textile industries. Polyamides are renewable substances that have good processability and outstanding thermal properties. Polyamides and their composites are known as high-performance polymers because of their numerous applications in various industries such as automotive, medical, textile, etc. Studies on polyamide-based nanocomposite materials have been reported in the scientific literature for many years, as they significantly enhance the properties of various materials. These polymer nanocomposites are ecologically and economically important and they are employed in macromolecular chemistry and modern industries. We have conducted significant research works on naturally derived bio-based polyamides that have been synthesized using castor oil and vegetable oil for biodegradable applications. Solution, melt-blending, and in situ polymerization methods were used for the synthesis of polyamides and nanocomposites. Various properties of PA including magnetic, mechanical, surface, electrical and thermal properties are discussed and it is shown how these properties can be increased through its nanocomposites. In the end, we have discussed the applications of these polymer nanocomposites in the areas of flame retardancy, packaging, textile and automotive parts and focusing on the ecofriendly sustainability of polyamide nanocomposites. [GRAPHICS]

Automated summary

This study focuses on bio-based polyamides (PAs) and their nanocomposites with nanoclay, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene. These materials are widely used in industries such as automobile, flame retardant, packaging, and textile due to their excellent thermal properties and processability. The research on polyamide-based nanocomposites has been conducted for many years and has shown significant enhancements in material properties. The synthesis of polyamides and nanocomposites was achieved through solution, melt-blending, and in situ polymerization methods. The study discusses various properties of polyamides and how these properties can be improved through nanocomposites. The applications of these polymer nanocomposites in flame retardancy, packaging, textile, and automotive parts are also discussed, with a focus on their eco-friendly sustainability.