Advances in the Synthesis and Analysis of Biologically Active Phosphometabolites

Phosphorus-containing metabolites cover a large molecular diversity and represent an important domain of small molecules which are highly relevant for life and represent essential interfaces between biology and chemistry, between the biological and abiotic world. The large but not unlimited amount of phosphate minerals on our planet is a key resource for living organisms on our planet, while the accumulation of phosphorus-containing waste is associated with negative effects on ecosystems. Therefore, resource-efficient and circular processes receive increasing attention from different perspectives, from local and regional levels to national and global levels. The molecular and sustainability aspects of a global phosphorus cycle have become of much interest for addressing the phosphorus biochemical flow as a high-risk planetary boundary. Knowledge of balancing the natural phosphorus cycle and the further elucidation of metabolic pathways involving phosphorus is crucial. This requires not only the development of effective new methods for practical discovery, identification, and high-information content analysis, but also for practical synthesis of phosphorus-containing metabolites, for example as standards, as substrates or products of enzymatic reactions, or for discovering novel biological functions. The purpose of this article is to review the advances which have been achieved in the synthesis and analysis of phosphorus-containing metabolites which are biologically active.

Automated summary

Phosphorus-containing metabolites are important small molecules that play a crucial role as interfaces between biology and chemistry. The limited availability of phosphate minerals on our planet has a significant impact on living organisms, while the accumulation of phosphorus-containing waste has negative effects on ecosystems. As a result, there is a growing interest in resource-efficient and circular processes at various levels. The molecular and sustainability aspects of the global phosphorus cycle have become a topic of interest, and understanding the balance of the natural phosphorus cycle and metabolic pathways involving phosphorus is essential. This article reviews the advancements in the synthesis and analysis of biologically active phosphorus-containing metabolites.