The Roles of Exosomal Proteins: Classification, Function, and Applications

Exosome, a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles, plays diverse roles in various biological processes. As one of the most abundant components of exosomes, exosomal proteins have been revealed to participate in the development of many diseases, such as carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, neurological disorders, immune responses, cardiovascular diseases, and infection. Thus, understanding the functions and mechanisms of exosomal proteins potentially assists clinical diagnosis and targeted delivery of therapies. However, current knowledge about the function and application of exosomal proteins is still limited. In this review, we summarize the classification of exosomal proteins, and the roles of exosomal proteins in exosome biogenesis and disease development, as well as in the clinical applications.

Automated summary

Exosomal proteins, as one of the major components of extracellular vesicles, have been found to have various roles in the development of diseases including carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, neurological disorders, immune responses, cardiovascular diseases, and infection. Understanding the functions and mechanisms of exosomal proteins could potentially aid in clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy. However, current knowledge in this field is still limited.