4.7 Review

Iron and Ferroptosis More than a Suspect: Beyond the Most Common Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration for New Therapeutic Approaches to Cognitive Decline and Dementia

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Summary: Iron overload can be caused by a congenital impairment of iron regulation, increased intestinal iron absorption, or chronic transfusions. Diagnosing iron overload is challenging, with liver biopsy being the gold standard despite its invasiveness. Noninvasive techniques have allowed for better understanding of iron overload in different organs. Serum ferritin estimation is the most commonly used diagnostic tool, although it may not be specific. Hematological conditions such as myelodysplastic syndromes, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia can cause iron overload, which can be treated with chelators like deferiprone, deferoxamine, and deferasirox.

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Summary: Diabetes, a complex metabolic disease, has become a global health concern in recent years. Finding promising therapeutic targets and directions is crucial. Ferroptosis, a new type of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has been shown to play an important regulatory role in the initiation and development of diabetes and its complications. This review summarizes new findings related to ferroptosis and diabetic complications and proposes ferroptosis as a potential target for treating diabetic complications.

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Mitochondrial Lipid Peroxidation Is Responsible for Ferroptosis

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Ferroptosis and Its Role in Chronic Diseases

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Ferroptosis: molecular mechanisms and health implications

Daolin Tang et al.

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NOX4 promotes ferroptosis of astrocytes by oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation via the impairment of mitochondrial metabolism in Alzheimer?s diseases

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