期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065711
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; humoral immunity; cellular immunity
Although COVID-19 is usually mild in children, some develop severe symptoms or a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). The immunological pathways that lead to MIS-C or asymptomatic cases in children are still unknown and require further investigation.
Immune responses following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in children are still under investigation. Even though coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is usually mild in the pediatric population, some children exhibit severe clinical manifestations, require hospitalization, or develop the most severe condition: a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The activated innate, humoral and T-cell-mediated immunological pathways that lead certain pediatric populations to present with MIS-C or remain asymptomatic after SARS-CoV-2 infection are yet to be established. This review focuses on the immunological aspects of MIS-C with respect to innate, humoral, and cellular immunity. In addition, presents the role of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein as a superantigen in the pathophysiological mechanisms, discusses the great heterogeneity among the immunological studies in the pediatric population, and highlights possible reasons why some children with a certain genetic background present with MIS-C.
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