期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054296
关键词
rheumatoid arthritis; memory T cells; shared epitope; neoepitopes; peptides
T cells play a crucial role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A comprehensive review based on the analysis of the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) was conducted to better understand the contribution of T cells to RA. It was found that an immune CD8+ T cell senescence response is present in RA and inflammatory diseases, driven by viral antigens and self-apoptotic peptides. Additionally, pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells in RA are selected by MHC class II and immunodominant peptides derived from molecular chaperones, host peptides, and bacterial cross-reactive peptides.
T cells are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Accordingly, and to better understand T cells' contribution to RA, a comprehensive review based on an analysis of the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) was conducted. An immune CD8+ T cell senescence response is reported in RA and inflammatory diseases, which is driven by active viral antigens from latent viruses and cryptic self-apoptotic peptides. RA-associated pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells are selected by MHC class II and immunodominant peptides, which are derived from molecular chaperones, host extra-cellular and cellular peptides that could be post-translationally modified (PTM), and bacterial cross-reactive peptides. A large panel of techniques have been used to characterize (auto)reactive T cells and RA-associated peptides with regards to their interaction with the MHC and TCR, capacity to enter the docking site of the shared epitope (DRB1-SE), capacity to induce T cell proliferation, capacity to select T cell subsets (Th1/Th17, Treg), and clinical contribution. Among docking DRB1-SE peptides, those with PTM expand autoreactive and high-affinity CD4+ memory T cells in RA patients with an active disease. Considering original therapeutic options in RA, mutated, or altered peptide ligands (APL) have been developed and are tested in clinical trials.
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