Raman spectroscopy for ortho-para hydrogen catalyst studies

For the design of efficient hydrogen liquefaction plants and for the production of accurate ortho-para hydrogen samples, precise knowledge about the kinetics of ortho-para catalysts and accurate ortho-para monitoring is mandatory. Raman spectroscopy as a direct measurement of the ortho-para ratio is independent of other gas parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate and also undisturbed by impurities, such as nitrogen and oxygen in the gas. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy is a superior technique for ortho-para monitoring, compared to methods based on thermodynamic properties like heat conductivity. Within this work, an experimental proof of concept of a Raman based system to study ortho-para catalyst kinetics is shown.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Automated summary

Precise knowledge about the kinetics of ortho-para catalysts and accurate ortho-para monitoring are necessary for the design of efficient hydrogen liquefaction plants and the production of accurate ortho-para hydrogen samples. Raman spectroscopy, as an independent measurement method of the ortho-para ratio, is not affected by other gas parameters and impurities, making it a superior technique for ortho-para monitoring compared to methods based on thermodynamic properties.