Flavonoids nanostructures promising therapeutic efficiencies in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is among the frequently diagnosed cancers with high mortality rates around the world. Polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites which exhibit anti-cancer activities along with anti-inflammatory effects. However, due to their hydrophobicity, sensitivity to degradation and low bioavailability, therapeutic effects have shown poor therapeutic effect. Nano delivery systems such as nanoliposomes, nanomicelles, silica nanoparticles have been investigated to overcome these difficulties. This review provides a summary of the efficiency of certain flavonoids and polyphenols (apigenin, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, silymarin, catechins, luteolin, fisetin, gallic acid, rutin, and curcumin) on colorectal cancer models. It comprehensively discusses the influence of nano-formulation of flavonoids on their biological functions, including cellular uptake rate, bioavailability, solubility, and cytotoxicity, as well as their potential for reducing colorectal cancer tumor size under in vivo situations.

Automated summary

Colorectal cancer is a common and highly fatal cancer worldwide. Polyphenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, but their therapeutic effects are limited due to their hydrophobicity, sensitivity to degradation, and low bioavailability. Nano delivery systems, including nanoliposomes, nanomicelles, and silica nanoparticles, have been explored to overcome these challenges. This review summarizes the efficacy of specific flavonoids and polyphenols (apigenin, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, silymarin, catechins, luteolin, fisetin, gallic acid, rutin, and curcumin) on colorectal cancer models and comprehensively discusses the impact of nano-formulation on their biological functions, such as cellular uptake rate, bioavailability, solubility, cytotoxicity, as well as their potential for reducing colorectal cancer tumor size in vivo.