4.7 Review

Production of nanocellulose using acidic deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride and carboxylic acids: A review

相关参考文献

注意:仅列出部分参考文献,下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nanocellulose-based electrodes and separator toward sustainable and flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor

Zejun Ding et al.

Summary: A reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/cellulose nanocrystal/cellulose nanofiber (RCC) composite membrane was prepared using a one-pot method, which exhibited improved mechanical properties and hydrophilicity compared to pure RGO membranes. The RCC composite membrane showed a specific capacitance as high as 171.3 F cm(-3) due to the synergistic effect of nanocellulose and RGO sheets. A nanocellulose-based symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor (FASC) constructed using this composite membrane demonstrated a high volumetric specific capacitance of 164.3 F cm(-3) and a satisfactory energy density of 3.7 mW h cm(-3), surpassing many other reported flexible supercapacitors. This work could pave the way for the design of next-generation nanocellulose-based sustainable and flexible energy storage devices.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2023)

Article Polymer Science

Preparation of Anti-Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) from Bamboo Pulp in a Reactable Citric Acid-Choline Chloride Deep Eutectic Solvent

Yuanchen Zhu et al.

Summary: In this study, bamboo pulp was treated with citric acid-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent to simultaneously fibrillate and esterify it. Higher temperatures and longer treatment times led to increased esterification, resulting in CNFs with a higher carboxyl group content. However, these conditions also led to decreased yields and smaller CNF diameters. The CNFs with higher carboxyl group content showed effective inhibition against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. Based on comprehensive considerations, treatment at 120 degrees C for 24 h was found to be the optimal condition, resulting in CNFs with a carboxyl group content of 0.31 mmol/g, a diameter of 8 nm, and significant inhibition of E. coli (81.7%) and S. aureus (63.1%). In addition, the CNFs obtained under the optimal condition were found to enhance the tensile strength of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films by 74%, making them a favorable additive for composite films.

POLYMERS (2023)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Research on deep eutectic solvents for the construction of humidity-responsive cellulose nanocrystal composite films

Xiaoyao Wei et al.

Summary: In this study, a new green deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and an amino acid-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were introduced into CNC suspensions for the first time, and three-component composite films were formed by coassembling with hydroxyl-rich small molecules and polymers. The CNC/G/NADESs-Arg three-component film exhibited reversible color change, improved mechanical properties, and increased water absorption capacities without destroying its optical activities. This opens up possibilities for stable CNC films and potential biological applications in the future.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2023)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Probing the evolutionary mechanism of the hydrogen bond network of cellulose nanofibrils using three DESs

Qinghui Chen et al.

Summary: In this study, the changes in the properties and microstructure of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) treated with Deep Eutectic Solvent (DESs) based on oxalic acid as hydrogen bond donors (HBD) and choline chloride, betaine, and N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) were investigated. The results showed that the crystal structures of CNFs were unchanged, but the hydrogen bond network evolved, increasing the crystallinity and crystallite size. Further analysis revealed that all three hydrogen bonds were disrupted to different degrees and evolved in a certain order.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2023)

Review Food Science & Technology

Nanocellulose: a promising green treasure from food wastes to available food materials

Tao Ma et al.

Summary: The synthesis of novel functional materials from abundant food waste resources has great potential for applications and ecological benefits. Nanocellulose, with its modifiable surface, excellent mechanical strength, and high aspect ratio, is a renewable and sustainable polymer that shows promise in various applications, including the food industry. This review focuses on the structural characteristics and extraction approaches of nanocellulose, as well as recent advancements in its use in the food industry. Environmental and human health concerns related to nanocellulose production are also evaluated. The extraction and production of nanocellulose from food waste provide a platform for the sustainable utilization of biomass, and its application in green food packaging materials, emulsion stabilizers, dietary fiber, nutrition delivery, and 3D printing hydrogels have shown excellent performance. Validated standards for characterizing the structure and evaluating toxicity are essential for the commercialization of nanocellulose in the food industry.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION (2022)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Isolation of lignin-containing cellulose nanocrystals: life-cycle environmental impacts and opportunities for improvement

Shiva Zargar et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the environmental impacts of producing LCNCs from TMP with DES pretreatment, showing that varying the input volume and reuse frequency of DES solutions can reduce environmental impact, with the greatest reduction achieved by reducing the input volume to 20% of its default value.

BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR (2022)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Production of lignin-containing nanocellulose from poplar using ternary deep eutectic solvents pretreatment

Feng Shu et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) pretreatment combined with microfluidization process was used to prepare lignin-containing nanocellulose (LNC) from poplar, resulting in ultrafine ribbon-like LNCs with high yield, good dispersion stability in water, high lignin content and thermal stability, as well as strong gel-like behavior. The findings offer a promising route for converting hardwood biomass into value-added LNC.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nanolignin filled conductive hydrogel with improved mechanical, anti-freezing, UV-shielding and transparent properties for strain sensing application

Yingchao Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, an ionic conductive PVA/LNP hydrogel with excellent mechanical, anti-freezing, moisturizing, transparent, and UV-shielding performances was innovatively synthesized. The hydrogel was constructed with a rigid porous network structure through the interactions between evenly distributed LNP and PVA chains. It exhibited outstanding ionic conductivity, improved mechanical strength, and flexibility. The hydrogel also showed increased tensile strength, elongation at break, UV-resistance ability, and transparency. Moreover, the hydrogel had long-term moisturizing capability and superior anti-freezing performance. It was successfully used as a strain sensor for detecting human motions and electrophysiological signals.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2022)

Article Energy & Fuels

Cellulose nanocrystal production from bleached rice straw pulp by combined alkaline and acidic deep eutectic solvents treatment: optimization by response surface methodology

Wei-Lun Lim et al.

Summary: This study developed a statistical model using RSM to optimize the performance of oxalic acid-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent in hydrolyzing bleached rice straw pulp and liberating cellulose nanocrystals. The most significant process parameters influencing yield were determined, and a regression model was established to predict CNC yield.

BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY (2022)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Separation cellulose nanocrystals from microcrystalline cellulose using hydrated deep eutectic solvent and high shear force

Haiqiao Zhang et al.

Summary: This study proposed and evaluated a method for preparing cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by combining chemical hydrated deep eutectic solvent (DES) with mechanical high shear force methods. The method showed increased CNC yields with similar crystal structure as MCC, and is more environmentally friendly and faster compared to conventional methods.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS (2022)

Article Polymer Science

Comparison of the Degradation Performance of Seven Different Choline Chloride-Based DES Systems on Alkaline Lignin

Penghui Li et al.

Summary: In this study, lignin was degraded using deep eutectic solvent (DES), and it was found that acidic DES was more effective in depolymerizing alkaline lignin. The degradation process was characterized using NMR hydrogen spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and GPC.

POLYMERS (2022)

Article Forestry

Extraction of cellulose nanocrystals with redispersion ability via deep eutectic solvents enhanced with nickel chloride hydrate

Yang Xu et al.

Summary: This study presents a new method for extracting cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with good redispersion ability using nickel chloride and deep eutectic solvent. The results show that the incorporation of water during the extraction process introduces NiC2O4·2H2O particles on the surface of CNCs, which helps prevent hydrogen bond formation and maintain the quality of CNCs during drying.

WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2022)

Article Forestry

Dissolution and degradation of cellulosic fiber in carboxylic acid choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents

Xinping Wang et al.

Summary: This study examines the effect of different carboxylic acid choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (CA/ChCl DESs) on the dissolution and degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose in bleached chemical pulp from hardwood. The results show that dicarboxylic acids/ChCl are more effective in promoting the solubility and degradation of cellulosic fibers compared to monocarboxylic acids/ChCl at higher temperatures. Additionally, an increase in the alkyl of the carboxylic acid reduces the solubility of cellulosic fiber. The study also reveals that the dissolution and degradation of cellulosic fibers are governed by both temperature and the ability of DESs to form hydrogen bonds, while temperature has little effect on the latter. However, there is no significant relationship between the hydrogen bond basicity of DESs and cellulose degradation and dissolution.

WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Extraction of Carboxylated Nanocellulose by Combining Mechanochemistry and NADES

Lorelei Douard et al.

Summary: This study combines mechanochemistry and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) to produce nanocellulose in a one-step process. By subjecting cotton fibers to mechanical treatment and using acidic NADES as solvents, carboxylated nanocellulose is successfully obtained, and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are extracted with good thermal stability and high crystallinity.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Fabrication of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) in Choline Chloride-Citric Acid (ChCl-CA) Solvent to Lodge Antimicrobial Activity

Yuanchen Zhu et al.

Summary: This study prepared two types of surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) using different treatments and investigated their effects on the mechanical properties, thermal stability, and antibacterial activity of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) films. The results showed that the CNCs obtained from different treatments had different influences on the film properties. Taking all aspects into consideration, a concentration of 5% was determined to be suitable for composite film preparation.

BIORESOURCES (2022)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Toward cleaner production of nanocellulose: a review and evaluation

Yusen Ai et al.

Summary: Nanocellulose has gained significant attention as a green and sustainable material. This review focuses on sustainable source materials and cleaner production processes for nanocellulose. It summarizes research publications on sustainable nanocellulose source materials and discusses advances in cleaner production processes. The evaluation of environmental, health and safety aspects, as well as life cycle assessments, are emphasized. Suggestions for promoting the industrialization of nanocellulose are also provided.

GREEN CHEMISTRY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Esterification of cellulose using carboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvents to produce high-yield cellulose nanofibers

Suling Liu et al.

Summary: This study utilized carboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvents for pretreating cellulose, resulting in the production of cellulose nanofibers with widths less than 100 nm through simultaneous esterification modifications. Esterification modifications prevented over-hydrolysis and dissolution of cellulose while maintaining the cellulose I crystal structure. The esterified cellulose nanofibers showed improved dispersibility and interfacial compatibility with polylactic acid, leading to mechanical enhancement of CNF/PLA composites.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Natural acidic deep eutectic solvent to obtain cellulose nanocrystals using the design of experience approach

L. Douard et al.

Summary: This study successfully optimized the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals using acidic natural deep eutectic solvents through design of experiment method. The mathematical model accurately described the crystallinity, while the prediction for CNC yield was more of a tendency. The experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of the predictive models.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Fabricating lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils with unique properties from agricultural residues with assistance of deep eutectic solvents

Xiaoyu Li et al.

Summary: The study successfully prepared lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils with excellent properties such as good fluorescence, high thermal stability, hydrophobicity, stability, and redispersibility in organic solvents. ChCl-DES as a green and sustainable approach will contribute to efficient separation and high value-added utilization of agricultural residues.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

Review Materials Science, Composites

A comprehensive review on cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibers: Pretreatment, preparation, and characterization

K. J. Nagarajan et al.

Summary: Crafting ecological materials from green resources presents a challenge for researchers globally, leading to the development of nanocellulose materials which offer potential in bio-based applications. The environmentally sustainable characteristics of cellulose nanomaterials have attracted interest, with discussions on extraction sources, purification processes, and characterization methods in polymer matrix composites. The diverse potential applications of CNMs in various industries are highlighted in this extensive review.

POLYMER COMPOSITES (2021)

Review Polymer Science

Micro- and Nanocellulose in Polymer Composite Materials: A Review

Abdoulhdi A. Borhana Omran et al.

Summary: Cellulose presents a promising opportunity for the development of sustainable materials, especially in the field of biocomposites. This article highlights the importance of extracting, treating, and modifying cellulose for various applications. The reinforcement of micro- and nanocellulose can lead to materials with enhanced performance, with potential for further improvements in engineering applications.

POLYMERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Use of Endoglucanase and Accessory Enzymes to Facilitate Mechanical Pulp Nanofibrillation

Xushen Han et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of different enzyme treatments on mechanical pulp, achieving enhanced fibrillation and reduced cellulose hydrolysis by sulfonating BCTMP and using various enzyme cocktails. It was found that the yield and zeta potential of lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils increased after enzyme treatments, possibly due to changes in surface charge and particle size.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Efficient cleavage of strong hydrogen bonds in sugarcane bagasse by ternary acidic deep eutectic solvent and ultrasonication to facile fabrication of cellulose nanofibers

Qinghua Ji et al.

Summary: From the perspective of green chemistry, efficient fabrication of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with high thermal stability and potential applications can be achieved by cleaving strong hydrogen bonds in sugarcane bagasse using microwave-assisted ternary carboxylic acid deep eutectic solvent, followed by high-intensity ultrasonication.

CELLULOSE (2021)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Cellulose nanocrystals from bleached rice straw pulp: acidic deep eutectic solvent versus sulphuric acid hydrolyses

Wei-Lun Lim et al.

Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of OA-ChCl DES as a green solvent for acidic DES hydrolysis, producing OA-ChCl DES CNC with nano-sized range and stable dispersion. The OA-ChCl DES CNC showed efficient cleavage of hydrogen bonds in pulp under acidic conditions and exhibited superior thermal stability compared to SA-CNC.

CELLULOSE (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

One-pot green extraction of high charge density cellulose nanocrystals with high yield for bionanocomposites

Qi-Lin Lu et al.

Summary: A green and cost-effective approach was developed to produce high-yield FCNs, utilizing recyclable PDES for cost reduction and waste treatment. By adding FCNs into gelatin matrix, bionanocomposites with remarkable stress transfer potential were obtained.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Preliminary Investigations of the Mechanisms Involved in the Ultrasonication-Assisted Production of Carboxylic Cellulose Nanocrystals with Different Structural Carboxylic Acids

Yuanchao Luo et al.

Summary: This study utilized ultrasonication to produce carboxylic cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with different carboxylic acids. It systematically evaluated the effects of acid concentration, hydrolysis time, acidity (pK(a)), and chemical structure on the preparation and properties of CNCs, finding that acidity and chemical structure are key factors influencing CNC properties.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Promoting enzymatic hydrolysis of aggregated bamboo crystalline cellulose by fast microwave-assisted dicarboxylic acid deep eutectic solvents pretreatments

Zhe Ling et al.

Summary: Using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as pretreatment solvents, combined with microwave irradiation assistance, can improve conversion efficiency, remove lignin and hemicelluloses, and facilitate subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Sustainable isolation of nanocellulose from cellulose and lignocellulosic feedstocks: Recent progress and perspectives

Jungang Jiang et al.

Summary: Nanocellulose, a sustainable nanomaterial, has diverse potential applications but faces economic and environmental challenges with traditional isolation techniques. Sustainable technologies like organic acid/anhydride and ionic liquid have shown progress, but gaps in knowledge and other obstacles must be addressed for commercialization.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Sustainable preparation of cellulose nanofibrils via choline chloride-citric acid deep eutectic solvent pretreatment combined with high-pressure homogenization

Wei Liu et al.

Summary: Utilizing a green deep eutectic solvent system for the pretreatment of cellulose fibers can achieve high yield and quality of cellulose nanofibrils. The fabrication of cellulose nanopaper through a vacuum filtration process results in high tensile strength and toughness.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents for the lignocellulose nanofibril production from Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica)

Gu-Joong Kwon et al.

Summary: In this study, Lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) were successfully produced from Mongolian oak biomass for the first time using deep eutectic solvent pretreatment and mechanical defibrillation. The desirability of the CC/LA pretreatment for high lignin and hemicellulose removal, as well as the enhanced fiber's susceptibility to defibrillation with CC/U and CC/GLY pretreatments, was demonstrated. The optimal conditions for LCNF preparation were found to be a 1:2 mol ratio, 6 hours time, and 140 degrees C, resulting in nanofibrils with high tensile strength, elastic modulus, and thermal stability.

CELLULOSE (2021)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Integrated and sustainable preparation of functional nanocellulose via formic acid/choline chloride solvents pretreatment

Meiyan Wu et al.

Summary: Using F-DES pretreatment and ball milling, an integrated preparation process of CNCs and CNFs was developed to produce NC with a yield of over 95%. Compared to B-NC and U-NC, F-NC with surface ester groups showed better ability to stabilize the oil/water interface for Pickering emulsion preparation. F-DES also exhibited lower viscosity than U-DES, with a high recovery rate of 92% after three cycles and better reusability for a cleaner and sustainable process.

CELLULOSE (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Insights into structure and properties of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) prepared by screw extrusion and deep eutectic solvent permeation

Ming Yan et al.

Summary: The study explores a greener and more inexpensive method for the production of CNFs using a DES system with ChCl and EG, resulting in high yield and thermal stability. The impact of sulfuric acid and water content of DES system on the properties of CNFs is systematically studied, and the influence of dispersed solvents on the preparation and dispersion of CNFs is evaluated using solvatochromic and viscosity parameters.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Delignification of unbleached pulp by ternary deep eutectic solvents

Veronika Majova et al.

Summary: The study prepared and tested fifteen ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as solvents for the delignification of unbleached pulp, finding three DESs to be the most suitable for fiber pretreatment, with the order of effectiveness being malonic acid/choline chloride/1,3-propanediol (1:1:3) > choline chloride/acetamide/lactic acid (1:2:3) > choline chloride/urea/lactic acid (1:2:3).

GREEN PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Extraction of cellulose nanocrystals using a recyclable deep eutectic solvent

Huiqiang Wang et al.

CELLULOSE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Acidic deep eutectic solvents pretreatment for selective lignocellulosic biomass fractionation with enhanced cellulose reactivity

Dong Tian et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

Review Polymer Science

Thermal properties of nanocellulose-reinforced composites: A review

P. G. Gan et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Cellulose Nanocrystals Extracted from Grape Pomace with Deep Eutectic Solvents and Application for Self-Healing Nanocomposite Hydrogels

Ruiyue Wu et al.

MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Effective delignification of lignocellulosic biomass by microwave assisted deep eutectic solvents

Kirtika Kohli et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Production of Nanocellulose Using Citric Acid in a Biorefinery Concept: Effect of the Hydrolysis Reaction Time and Techno-Economic Analysis

Thalita J. Bondancia et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2020)

Review Agricultural Engineering

A grand avenue to integrate deep eutectic solvents into biomass processing

Amal A. M. Elgharbawy et al.

BIOMASS & BIOENERGY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Investigation of Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Efficient Recovery of Natural Products

Jiaqin Wang et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Potential To Produce Sugars and Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Chemi-Thermomechanical Pulps

Xushen Han et al.

ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Modification of the aspen lignin structure during integrated fractionation process of autohydrolysis and formic acid delignification

Zhiyong Shao et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Mixed-Acid-Assisted Hydrothermal Process for Simultaneous Preparation and Carboxylation of Needle-Shaped Cellulose Nanocrystals

Arun Saini et al.

ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils based hydrogels for biomedical applications

Haishun Du et al.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2019)

Article Polymer Science

Dissolution and Hydrolysis of Bleached Kraft Pulp Using Ionic Liquids

Guillermo Reyes et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Effect of functional groups in acid constituent of deep eutectic solvent for extraction of reactive lignin

Yee Tong Tan et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Review Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for cellulose dissolution: a mini-review

Yang-Lei Chen et al.

CELLULOSE (2019)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Choline chloride and tartaric acid, a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent for the efficient extraction of phenolic and carotenoid compounds

Spyridon Koutsoukos et al.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

3D printed scaffolds with gradient porosity based on a cellulose nanocrystal hydrogel

Sahar Sultan et al.

NANOSCALE (2018)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent progress in cellulose nanocrystals: sources and production

Djalal Trache et al.

NANOSCALE (2017)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents As Hydrolytic Media for Cellulose Nanocrystal Production

Juho Antti Sirvio et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2016)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Application of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in biodiesel production: A review

Dragan Z. Troter et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2016)

Article Materials Science, Paper & Wood

Preparation of cellulose nanofiber from softwood pulp by ball milling

Liyuan Zhang et al.

CELLULOSE (2015)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) and Their Applications

Emma L. Smith et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2014)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Isolation of Thermally Stable Cellulose Nanocrystals by Phosphoric Acid Hydrolysis

Sandra Camarero Espinosa et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2013)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Chemically and mechanically isolated nanocellulose and their self-assembled structures

Feng Jiang et al.

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS (2013)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Enhancement of the Nanofibrillation of Wood Cellulose through Sequential Periodate-Chlorite Oxidation

Henrikki Liimatainen et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2012)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Self-Organized Films from Cellulose I Nanofibrils Using the Layer-by-Layer Technique

Christian Aulin et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2010)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Green Chemistry: Principles and Practice

Paul Anastas et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2010)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Nano-fibrillation of pulp fibers for the processing of transparent nanocomposites

S. Iwamoto et al.

APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING (2007)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Homogeneous suspensions of individualized microfibrils from TEMPO-catalyzed oxidation of native cellulose

Tsuguyuki Saito et al.

BIOMACROMOLECULES (2006)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Cellulose fibrils for polymer reinforcement

T Zimmermann et al.

ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS (2004)