Investigation of the fatigue behavior of adhesive bonding of the lithium disilicate glass ceramic with three resin cements using rotating fatigue method

Objective: To investigate the fatigue behavior of bonding interface of lithium disilicate ceramic with three different dual cure resin cements. Material and methods: Forty five bar shaped ceramic-resin-ceramic specimens were prepared and divided into 3 groups (n=15) according to the resin cement used (groupl: Panavia F2.0, group 2: RelyX Ultimate, group 3: Duo-Link Universal). Three specimens of each group were tested using three point bending test and the fracture strength of the resin-ceramic bond was measured. Other specimens of each group were placed in the rotating fatigue testing machine at stresses equal to 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% of the fracture strength. The cyclic loading was continued until fracture or a maximum of 10,000 cycles. For the specimens which did not fail until 10,000 cycles, the cyclic loading was stopped and the remained fracture strength of the specimens was measured. Results: None of the specimens with cyclic loads of 30% and 40% of the fracture strength, have failed until 10,000 cycles. After 10,000 load cycles, the fracture strength of these specimens was significantly lower than their initial fracture strength. On the other hand, all specimens with cyclic stresses equal to 50% and 60% of the fracture strength have failed before 10,000 cycles so that the numbers of load cycles of RelyX specimens were significantly higher than those of Panavia ones and the numbers of cycles of Panavia specimens were significantly higher than those of Duo-Link specimens. Conclusion: The fatigue resistance of the ceramic-resin interface is significantly lower than its bond strength. Furthermore, RelyX Ultimate showed the highest fatigue resistance and Duo-Link Universal exhibited the weakest fatigue resistance. Since dental restorations are under cyclic loading caused by mastication forces, the results of this research can be used to select fatigue resistant resin cements for bonding of ceramic restorations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.