Goblet cell-associated antigen passage: A gatekeeper of the intestinal immune system

Effective delivery of luminal antigens to the underlying immune system is the initial step in generating antigen-specific responses in the gut. However, a large body of information regarding the immune response activation process remains unknown. Recently, goblet cells (GCs) have been reported to form goblet cell-associated antigen passages (GAPs). Luminal antigens can be transported inside GAPs and reach subepithelial immune cells to induce antigen-specific immune responses, contributing largely to gut homeostasis and the prevention of some intestinal diseases like allergic enteritis and bacterial translocation. In this article, we summarized recent observations on the formation of intestinal GAPs and their roles in mucosal immunity. We hope that this review can offer a fresh perspective and valuable insights for clinicians and researchers interested in studying the intestinal immune system.

Automated summary

Effective delivery of luminal antigens to the underlying immune system is crucial in generating antigen-specific responses in the gut. Goblet cells have been found to form goblet cell-associated antigen passages, allowing luminal antigens to reach subepithelial immune cells and induce specific immune responses. This review summarizes recent research on intestinal GAPs formation and their role in mucosal immunity, providing valuable insights for clinicians and researchers interested in studying the intestinal immune system.