期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
卷 72, 期 5, 页码 6850-6855出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2022.3232990
关键词
Eavesdropping; Jamming; Receiving antennas; Transmitting antennas; Adaptive arrays; Wireless communication; Surveillance; Proactive eavesdropping; STAR-RIS; energy splitting ratio; jamming; eavesdropping rate maximization
In this paper, we propose a novel simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)-assisted proactive eavesdropping strategy to address the trade-off between concealment and eavesdropping performance in wireless surveillance. By deploying a STAR-RIS between the monitor and the suspicious system, reflection and transmission are implemented to vary the channel power gains, thereby facilitating eavesdropping.
In wireless surveillance, the monitor (E) should be far away from the suspicious system to maintain concealment, leading to very poor eavesdropping performance. To tackle this challenge, we propose in this paper a novel simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS)-assisted proactive eavesdropping strategy. Specifically, a STAR-RIS is deployed between E and the suspicious system to implement reflection (R) and transmission (T) for the suspicious signal of the suspicious transmitter and the jamming signal of E, to concurrently vary the channel power gains of the suspicious transmission link and the legitimate eavesdropping link and then facilitate E's eavesdropping. Assuming that E can only access the global statistical channel state information, we aim to maximize E's average (ergodic) eavesdropping rate, by jointly optimizing the energy splitting ratio of the STAR-RIS and E's jamming power. With rigorous analysis, we reveal that only two cases should be considered to achieve the optimal eavesdropping rate: i) the STAR-RIS works in T&R mode, and E does not conduct jamming; ii) the STAR-RIS only operates in T mode, and E interferes with the suspicious destination. In both cases, the optimal energy splitting ratio or jamming power is derived in (semi) closed form. Also, the eavesdropping energy (cost) efficiency is analyzed. Since our proposed strategy is adaptive, it can achieve significant eavesdropping performance gain compared to competitive benchmarks, as verified by numerical results.
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