4.8 Review

Ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: from bench to bedside

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Article Cell Biology

Identification of HPCAL1 as a specific autophagy receptor involved in ferroptosis

Xin Chen et al.

Summary: This study identifies HPCAL1 as a novel autophagy receptor for the selective degradation of CDH2 during ferroptosis. Depletion of CDH2 increases susceptibility to ferroptotic death. The phosphorylation of HPCAL1 and the non-classical LC3-interacting region motif play key roles in the autophagic degradation of CDH2. A ferroptosis inhibitor is found to suppress HPCAL1 expression. Inhibition of HPCAL1 prevents ferroptosis-induced tumor suppression and pancreatitis in mouse models.

AUTOPHAGY (2023)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

HMGCL-induced β-hydroxybutyrate production attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma via DPP4-mediated ferroptosis susceptibility

Xiaohan Cui et al.

Summary: This study identified the critical role of HMGCL in HCC suppression. HMGCL regulated H3K9 acetylation through beta-OHB and modulated the expression of DPP4 in a dose-dependent manner, leading to ferroptosis in HCC cells.

HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL (2023)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Deferasirox alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis and improving intestinal microbiota

Yi Wu et al.

Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of the iron chelator deferasirox in treating ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that deferasirox can treat UC by inhibiting ferroptosis and improving intestinal microbiota.

LIFE SCIENCES (2023)

Article Oncology

The PTBP1-NCOA4 axis promotes ferroptosis in liver cancer cells

Hao Yang et al.

Summary: This study revealed that Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) mediates ferroptosis in liver cancer cells by regulating the translation of NCOA4, thereby reducing the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to ferroptosis after sorafenib treatment.

ONCOLOGY REPORTS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Targeted xCT-mediated Ferroptosis and Protumoral Polarization of Macrophages Is Effective against HCC and Enhances the Efficacy of the Anti-PD-1/L1 Response

Bufu Tang et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that xCT-specific knockout in macrophages can limit tumor progression and metastasis by reducing TAM recruitment and infiltration, inhibiting M2-type polarization, and enhancing ferroptosis activity. It also reveals the association between macrophage ferroptosis and PD-L1 expression, leading to improved antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2023)

Article Cell Biology

Targeting PCSK9 in Liver Cancer Cells Triggers Metabolic Exhaustion and Cell Death by Ferroptosis

Malak Alannan et al.

Summary: The inhibition of PCSK9 in liver cancer cells can effectively suppress cell proliferation and enhance vulnerability to iron-triggered lipid peroxidation. Targeting the key metabolic player PCSK9 may be a potential therapeutic approach for treating liver cancers.
Review Oncology

Ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and targeted therapy

Amir Ajoolabady et al.

Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent form of liver cancer, with genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors influencing its development. Ferroptosis, a form of nonapoptotic cell death, has potential for suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma. However, malignant cells can develop mechanisms to resist ferroptosis.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2023)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SOCS2-enhanced ubiquitination of SLC7A11 promotes ferroptosis and radiosensitization in hepatocellular carcinoma

Qianping Chen et al.

Summary: This study identifies SOCS2 as a potential prognosis predictor of HCC radiotherapy and demonstrates its role in promoting radiosensitivity through the degradation of SLC7A11 and induction of ferroptosis. The findings suggest that targeting SOCS2 may enhance the efficiency of HCC radiotherapy and improve patient prognosis.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2023)

Article Plant Sciences

Tiliroside targets TBK1 to induce ferroptosis and sensitize hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib

Chen Yang et al.

Summary: In this study, it was found that tiliroside, a natural flavonoid glycoside isolated from oriental paperbush flower, could enhance the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells to sorafenib by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of TBK1 and degrading Nrf2 to induce ferroptosis. These findings imply that tiliroside may be a potential small molecule drug that can function as a sensitizer of sorafenib in HCC treatment by targeting TBK1.

PHYTOMEDICINE (2023)

Article Integrative & Complementary Medicine

Ginsenoside Rd Inhibited Ferroptosis to Alleviate CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via cGAS/STING Pathway

Yuangeng Li et al.

Summary: Ginsenoside Rd protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting ferroptosis and activating the cGAS/STING pathway.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE (2023)

Article Cell Biology

DCN released from ferroptotic cells ignites AGER-dependent immune responses

Jiao Liu et al.

Summary: This study reveals that the proteoglycan decorin (DCN) serves as an alarm signal during ferroptosis, triggering immune responses through the DCN-AGER axis to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of the DCN-AGER axis protects against ferroptotic death-related acute pancreatitis and limits the tumor-protective immune response induced by ferroptotic cancer cells. Thus, DCN is shown to be a crucial mediator of the inflammatory and immune consequences of ferroptosis.

AUTOPHAGY (2022)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The multifaceted role of ferroptosis in liver disease

Junyi Chen et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation and is associated with liver diseases. Dysregulated metabolic pathways and impaired iron homeostasis play a role in the progression of liver disease via ferroptosis. Several ferroptosis-associated genes and pathways have been implicated in liver disease. Targeting ferroptosis may have therapeutic potential for managing liver diseases.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

CRISPR screens uncover protective effect of PSTK as a regulator of chemotherapy-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Yiran Chen et al.

Summary: CRISPR screens identified inhibition of PSTK as a strategy to enhance HCC cell sensitivity to chemotherapy by promoting ferroptosis. PSTK inhibitors may be promising candidates for overcoming drug resistance in HCC.

MOLECULAR CANCER (2022)

Article Cell Biology

Centrosomal protein 290 is a novel prognostic indicator that modulates liver cancer cell ferroptosis via the Nrf2 pathway

Yiru Shan et al.

Summary: This study identified a prognostic signature consisting of nine genes, including CEP290, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Further investigation revealed the role of CEP290 in regulating the biological phenotype of Hep3B liver cancer cells and the expression levels of Nrf2 pathway members. The suppression of CEP290 effectively inhibited tumor growth in vivo.

AGING-US (2022)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Signaling pathways and defense mechanisms of ferroptosis

Jiao Liu et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis is a type of lytic cell death caused by unrestricted lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, driven by complex signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms. The main substrates of lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis are phospholipids rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, positively regulated by various enzymes. Selective activation of autophagic degradation pathways promotes ferroptosis, while the system xc(-)-glutathione-GPX4 axis plays a limiting role.

FEBS JOURNAL (2022)

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Therapeutic targeting of hepatic ACSL4 ameliorates NASH in mice

Jingjing Duan et al.

Summary: This study found elevated levels of ACSL4 in the livers of NAFLD patients, inhibition of which can reduce lipid accumulation. Abemaciclib, a selective ACSL4 inhibitor, shows promise as a potential therapeutic approach for NAFLD.

HEPATOLOGY (2022)

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The mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release

Ruochan Chen et al.

Summary: Inflammation-promoting nuclear protein HMGB1 can be targeted for controlling immune response in diseases linked to excessive inflammation. This article reviews the mechanisms of HMGB1 release and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases and tissue damage.

EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2022)

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Macropinocytosis is an alternative pathway of cysteine acquisition and mitigates sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Jun-Kyu Byun et al.

Summary: This study reveals that sorafenib induces macropinocytosis in HCC, leading to resistance against sorafenib-induced ferroptosis. Macropinocytosis prevents ferroptosis by replenishing intracellular cysteine that is depleted by sorafenib treatment. Inhibition of macropinocytosis enhances the anti-tumor effect of sorafenib and sensitizes resistant tumors to sorafenib.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

Article Oncology

ZNF498 promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis by suppressing p53-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis via the attenuation of p53 Ser46 phosphorylation

Xiuyuan Zhang et al.

Summary: This study reveals that ZNF498 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with advanced pathological grade and poor prognosis. ZNF498 promotes HCC initiation and progression by inhibiting p53 transcriptional activation and phosphorylation. ZNF498 also inhibits p53-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis.

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Overexpression of CISD1 Predicts Worse Survival in Hepatocarcinoma Patients

Tailiang Lu et al.

Summary: CISD1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma is positively associated with prognosis and immune infiltrating levels, making it a potential biomarker for prognosis assessment.

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A Multifunctional Vanadium-Iron-Oxide Nanoparticle Eradicates Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Targeting Tumor and Endothelial Cells

Xiaoming Yang et al.

Summary: This study synthesized a novel nanoparticle (VIO) with chemodynamic, photothermal, and diagnostic capacities, enhancing the tumor suppression effect by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis. It showed potential in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma and angiogenesis.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

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Constitutive Activation of the Tumor Suppressor p53 in Hepatocytes Paradoxically Promotes Non-Cell Autonomous Liver Carcinogenesis

Yuki Makino et al.

Summary: This study reveals that activation of p53 in hepatocytes promotes liver carcinogenesis derived from HPCs, elucidating a paradoxical aspect of the tumor suppressor gene p53 and a novel mechanism of liver carcinogenesis.

CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

Article Cell Biology

PNO1 inhibits autophagy-mediated ferroptosis by GSH metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma

Xiaomeng Hu et al.

Summary: PNO1 protects HCC cells from ferroptotic death through autophagy-mediated GSH metabolic remodeling.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The lipid flippase SLC47A1 blocks metabolic vulnerability to ferroptosis

Zhi Lin et al.

Summary: This study reveals the role of the lipid flippase SLC47A1 in ferroptosis, providing a metabolic target for overcoming drug resistance.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

HDLBP-stabilized lncFAL inhibits ferroptosis vulnerability by diminishing Trim69-dependent FSP1 degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma

Jingsheng Yuan et al.

Summary: Recent studies suggest that exploring potential mechanisms regulating ferroptosis vulnerability may enhance therapeutic efficacy in HCC. In this study, it was found that HDLBP was significantly increased in HCC and inhibited the vulnerability of HCC to ferroptosis. Furthermore, HDLBP stabilized lncFAL, which reduced ferroptosis vulnerability by directly binding to FSP1. These findings support the disruption of FSP1 as a promising therapeutic approach for HCC patients with high HDLBP or lncFAL expression.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A non-canonical vitamin K cycle is a potent ferroptosis suppressor

Eikan Mishima et al.

Summary: A study identifies the anti-ferroptotic function of vitamin K and reveals FSP1 as the enzyme mediating warfarin-resistant vitamin K reduction, highlighting the importance of FSP1 in protecting cells against lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis.

NATURE (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

PCDHB14 promotes ferroptosis and is a novel tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma

Yating Liu et al.

Summary: Deficiency in PCDHB14 plays a role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing ferroptosis. PCDHB14 also serves as a potential prognostic marker for HCC, highlighting its importance in HCC treatment and prognosis.

ONCOGENE (2022)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SLC7A11 as a Gateway of Metabolic Perturbation and Ferroptosis Vulnerability in Cancer

Jaewang Lee et al.

Summary: SLC7A11 is a cell transmembrane protein that plays a critical role in maintaining redox homeostasis and has implications in cancer development and treatment. Further understanding of its functions could lead to novel cancer therapeutics.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2022)

Article Cell Biology

AdipoR1 Regulates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Ferroptosis in HCC cells through Nrf2/xCT Pathway

Hao Feng et al.

Summary: In this study, the researchers found that ionizing radiation induces ferroptosis through the AdipoR1-Nrf2-xCT pathway in HCC cells. These findings provide new insights for the development of therapeutic strategies for hepatoma carcinoma.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2022)

Article Oncology

Ferroptosis-related genes with post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma determined by bioinformatics and experimental validation

Renfei Zhu et al.

Summary: This study identified post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms and genes related to ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experimental results showed that loss of NUDCD1 may facilitate ferroptosis in HCC cells.

ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification of ferroptosis-related genes for overall survival prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma

Lianxiang Luo et al.

Summary: This study analyzed datasets from HCC patients and identified a four-gene signature that can predict HCC prognosis. It also highlighted the potential role of PRDX1, a ferroptosis-related gene, in HCC and its potential as a biomarker for predicting HCC outcome.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

Article Oncology

Silenced LINC01134 Enhances Oxaliplatin Sensitivity by Facilitating Ferroptosis Through GPX4 in Hepatocarcinoma

Xiaofeng Kang et al.

Summary: In this study, LINC01134/Nrf2/GPX4 was identified as a critical axis regulating HCC growth and progression. LINC01134 was found to be closely associated with GPX4 and poor clinical prognosis. Silencing LINC01134 enhanced OXA sensitivity and affected cell death by modulating ROS, lipid peroxidation, and MDA levels. Clinically, LINC01134 was positively correlated with GPX4 and Nrf2, highlighting the importance of this axis in OXA resistance of HCC.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Development and Validation of a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Prognosis and Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Bo Zhang et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the expression pattern of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identified three clusters. Cluster 3 was associated with unfavorable prognosis and higher tumor stage and grade. Different infiltrating levels of immune cells were observed among the clusters, with cluster 3 showing higher expression of immune checkpoint genes. A five FRG-based prognostic risk model was developed and found to be significantly correlated with the infiltrating levels of six major types of immune cells in HCC.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SHP-1/STAT3-Signaling-Axis-Regulated Coupling between BECN1 and SLC7A11 Contributes to Sorafenib-Induced Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Chao-Yuan Huang et al.

Summary: This study reveals that sorafenib induces ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by enhancing SHP-1 activity, downregulating MCL1 expression, and reducing the association between MCL1 and BECN1. Additionally, sorafenib treatment increases the binding between BECN1 and SLC7A11, leading to inhibition of system Xc(-). Silencing BECN1 restores cystine intake and protects cells from ferroptosis. MCL1 overexpression decouples BECN1 from SLC7A11 and rescues cell viability by attenuating lipid peroxidation.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

PLTP is a p53 target gene with roles in cancer growth suppression and ferroptosis

Keerthana Gnanapradeepan et al.

Summary: The tumor suppressor protein p53 plays a crucial role in suppressing cancer by regulating processes such as cell death and growth inhibition. This study identifies PLTP as a p53 target gene that is highly sensitive to p53 transcriptional function and is involved in growth suppression and ferroptosis.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2022)

Article Oncology

Loss of GABARAPL1 confers ferroptosis resistance to cancer stem-like cells in hepatocellular carcinoma

Xiaojing Du et al.

Summary: This study identified a set of ferroptosis-related stemness genes and revealed their potential involvement in immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Downregulation of the gene GABARAPL1 in tumor-repopulating cells decreased their sensitivity to ferroptosis.

MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY (2022)

Article Cell Biology

Attenuation by Time-Restricted Feeding of High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced NASH in Mice Is Related to Per2 and Ferroptosis

Yan-yun Shu et al.

Summary: Time-restricted feeding (TRF) effectively alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by inhibiting Per2 and promoting PPAR alpha expression, leading to the improvement of NASH progression by inhibiting ferroptosis.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2022)

Article Cell Biology

Glutamine Transporter SLC1A5 Regulates Ionizing Radiation-Derived Oxidative Damage and Ferroptosis

Zhuhui Yuan et al.

Summary: Ionizing radiation can induce oxidative stress and ferroptosis, which play important roles in destroying liver tumors. However, liver tumors often develop resistance to radiation therapy due to the protective antiferroptosis effect. This study found that the glutamine transporter SLC1A5 may act as a suppressor gene against ferroptosis, and its loss can promote ferroptosis and improve the efficacy of radiation therapy.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2022)

Article Cell Biology

LncRNA HEPFAL accelerates ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating SLC7A11 ubiquitination

Baofu Zhang et al.

Summary: This study found that the expression of lncRNA HEPFAL is reduced in HCC tissues. HEPFAL can promote ferroptosis by reducing the expression of SLC7A11 and increasing the levels of ROS and iron. Additionally, HEPFAL increases the sensitivity of erastin-induced ferroptosis.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A noncanonical function of EIF4E limits ALDH1B1 activity and increases susceptibility to ferroptosis

Xin Chen et al.

Summary: The authors discovered that the translation initiation factor eIF4E can increase lipid peroxidation levels and promote ferroptosis by repressing ALDH1B1 independent of translation. This finding provides insights into the mechanisms of ferroptosis and establishes a foundation for utilizing ferroptosis as a cancer therapeutic strategy.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

FADS2-dependent fatty acid desaturation dictates cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis and permissiveness for hepatitis C virus replication

Daisuke Yamane et al.

Summary: This study identified FADS2 as a key determinant of cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis. Inhibiting FADS2 enhances HCV replication significantly, while the ferroptosis-inducing compound erastin alters the conformation of HCV replicase, making it more sensitive to direct-acting antiviral agents targeting the viral protease.

CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

ACSL4 is a predictive biomarker of sorafenib sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma

Ji Feng et al.

Summary: ACSL4 plays a crucial role in sorafenib treatment and its high expression may predict sensitivity of HCC patients to sorafenib. The findings of this study could have important translational impacts in the precise treatment of HCC patients.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artesunate synergizes with sorafenib to induce ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zhong-jie Li et al.

Summary: The combination therapy of artesunate and sorafenib has been shown to synergistically induce ferroptosis in HCC cells, enhancing anticancer effects. The mechanism involves artesunate-induced lysosome activation synergizing with sorafenib-mediated oxidative stress, leading to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2021)

Editorial Material Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

ESCRT-III-mediated membrane repair in cell death and tumor resistance

Jiao Liu et al.

Summary: The plasma membrane acts as a barrier and gatekeeper under physiological conditions to protect cells, but undergoes structural and functional changes in pathological situations leading to cell damage. ESCRT-III plays a key role in repairing damaged plasma membranes during various types of regulated cell death, suggesting it as a potential target for overcoming drug resistance in tumor therapy.

CANCER GENE THERAPY (2021)

Review Cell Biology

Ferroptosis: machinery and regulation

Xin Chen et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death caused by lipid peroxidation. Lipoxygenase is the main promoter of ferroptosis, while GPX4 is the central repressor of this process.

AUTOPHAGY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2 regulates ferroptotic cell death in cancer cells

Kang Wang et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death, has been implicated as a potential target for cancer therapy. The identification of BCAT2 as a regulator of ferroptosis suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for overcoming cancer resistance. Targeting BCAT2 may hold promise for enhancing the effectiveness of ferroptosis-inducing therapies in cancer treatment.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2021)

Article Cell Biology

TRIB2 desensitizes ferroptosis via βTrCP-mediated TFRC ubiquitiantion in liver cancer cells

Susu Guo et al.

Summary: TRIB2 plays a crucial role in promoting liver tumorigenesis by regulating the UPS system, reducing oxidative damage and sensitivity to ferroptosis. Its interaction with TFRC and β-TrCP are essential for modulating labile iron levels and desensitizing cells to ferroptosis.

CELL DEATH DISCOVERY (2021)

Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Lipid Metabolism in Ferroptosis

Zhi Lin et al.

Summary: Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in regulating cell survival and death. Abnormal lipid metabolism can lead to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death. Various antioxidant systems and membrane repair pathways help mitigate oxidative damage and support cell survival, especially in pathological conditions like cancer. Impairment of the ferroptosis machinery is associated with the development of diseases such as cancer and tissue damage.

ADVANCED BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ferroptotic pores induce Ca2+ fluxes and ESCRT-III activation to modulate cell death kinetics

Lohans Pedrera et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis that depends on iron ions and is associated with lipid peroxidation. An increase in cytosolic Ca2+ precedes cell bursting in ferroptosis, and membrane nanopores are linked to plasma membrane damage in this process. Activation of ESCRT-III serves as a general protective mechanism, counterbalancing cell death kinetics during ferroptosis.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2021)

Review Cell Biology

Ferroptosis: molecular mechanisms and health implications

Daolin Tang et al.

Summary: Cell death can be executed through different subroutines, such as ferroptosis which is an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death. Ferroptosis can occur through two major pathways, driven by redox imbalance and abnormal expression of redox-active enzymes. The process is precisely regulated at multiple levels, with the transcription factor NFE2L2 playing a central role in anti-ferroptotic defense.

CELL RESEARCH (2021)

Article Cell Biology

G6PD inhibits ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase

Fei Cao et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis is a significant form of cell death in cancer research, with G6PD and POR being associated with both HCC progression and prognosis. G6PD promotes HCC development by inhibiting ferroptosis, while downregulation of POR is correlated with better prognosis in HCC.

CELLULAR SIGNALLING (2021)

Review Cell Biology

Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease

Xuejun Jiang et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis, as a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, has seen significant growth in research in recent years. Studies have focused on molecular mechanisms, regulation, and functions of ferroptosis, linking this cell death modality to various pathologies and proposing its roles in normal physiology and potential therapeutic targeting.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Hypoxia blocks ferroptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via suppression of METTL14 triggered YTHDF2-dependent silencing of SLC7A11

Zhuoyang Fan et al.

Summary: The study revealed that the suppression of METTL14 in HCC cells under hypoxic conditions weakens ferroptosis, with SLC7A11 identified as a direct target of METTL14 and functioning through the YHDF2-dependent pathway.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Josep M. Llovet et al.

Summary: Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), poses a significant global health challenge with rising incidence projected to exceed 1 million cases by 2025. Infection by hepatitis B and C viruses remains a major risk factor for HCC, while non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is emerging as a more common risk factor in Western countries. Advances in systemic therapies for HCC, including immunotherapies and targeted therapies, are expected to revolutionize the management of this disease.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2021)

Article Oncology

Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

Hyuna Sung et al.

Summary: The global cancer burden in 2020 saw an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Female breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, while lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death. These trends are expected to rise in 2040, with transitioning countries experiencing a larger increase compared to transitioned countries due to demographic changes and risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to improve cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries will be crucial for global cancer control.

CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS (2021)

Article Oncology

RNA binding protein DAZAP1 promotes HCC progression and regulates ferroptosis by interacting with SLC7A11 mRNA

Qi Wang et al.

Summary: RBPs play a crucial role in regulating the lifecycle of RNA molecules, and the upregulation of DAZAP1 in HCC is associated with poor prognosis and malignant characteristics. Knockdown of DAZAP1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, and also reduces cellular sensitivity to SF. Furthermore, DAZAP1 is identified as an inhibitor of ferroptosis and positively regulates the stability of SLC7A11 mRNA, potentially offering new insights into biomarkers and therapeutic targets in HCC patients.

EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH (2021)

Review Oncology

Broadening horizons: the role of ferroptosis in cancer

Xin Chen et al.

Summary: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by excessive lipid peroxidation, and can be induced by various agents to suppress tumor growth while also potentially triggering inflammation-associated immunosuppression. The extent of ferroptosis's impact on tumor biology and its interactions with other signaling pathways are still under investigation.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A targetable LIFR-NF-κB-LCN2 axis controls liver tumorigenesis and vulnerability to ferroptosis

Fan Yao et al.

Summary: The loss of LIFR promotes liver tumorigenesis and resistance to drug-induced ferroptosis by upregulating iron-sequestering cytokine LCN2 through NF-kappa B signaling. Targeting LCN2 with a neutralizing antibody may enhance ferroptosis induction and anticancer effects in liver cancer therapy.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1 promotes sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by driving EGFR endosomal trafficking and inhibiting NRF2 activation

Jialei Sun et al.

Summary: QSOX1 acts as a cellular prooxidant in HCC, sensitizing cells to oxidative stress by inhibiting NRF2. There is a negative correlation between QSOX1 and NRF2 expression in tumor tissues from HCC patients, and QSOX1 can enhance sorafenib-induced ferroptosis.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Oncology

ACSL4 reprograms fatty acid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma via c-Myc/SREBP1 pathway

Junru Chen et al.

Summary: Lipid metabolic reprogramming is crucial for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, with long chain acyl CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) playing a key role in modulating de novo lipogenesis and promoting HCC progression. Mechanistically, ACSL4 upregulates SREBP1 to regulate lipogenesis in HCC cells, with a positive correlation between ACSL4 and SREBP1 expression in HCC patients, suggesting a potential combinational biomarker for predicting HCC.

CANCER LETTERS (2021)

Article Oncology

ABCC5 facilitates the acquired resistance of sorafenib through the inhibition of SLC7A11-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Wenbin Huang et al.

Summary: ABCC5 is identified as a critical regulator and therapeutic target of acquired sorafenib resistance in HCC cells. Inhibition of ABCC5 expression decreases sorafenib resistance in HCC cells, and its activation is closely associated with the PI3K/AKT/NRF2 axis, regulating intracellular antioxidants and inhibiting ferroptosis. The findings suggest ABCC5 as a potential new regulator of ferroptosis in HCC cells.

NEOPLASIA (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Overcoming the compensatory elevation of NRF2 renders hepatocellular carcinoma cells more vulnerable to disulfiram/copper-induced ferroptosis

Xueying Ren et al.

Summary: DSF/Cu selectively exerts efficient cytotoxic effect on HCC cells, inhibits migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of HCC cells, impairs mitochondrial homeostasis, increases free iron pool, enhances lipid peroxidation, and eventually results in ferroptotic cell death. Inhibition of NRF2 elevation strengthens HCC cells more vulnerable to DSF/Cu induced ferroptosis.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cell Biology

NUPR1 inhibitor ZZW-115 induces ferroptosis in a mitochondria-dependent manner

Can Huang et al.

Summary: Experimental results demonstrate that ZZW-115-induced ferroptosis mediated by NUPR1 inhibitor can be rescued by Fer-1 and TFAM supplementation, triggering ferroptotic activity in cells derived from PDAC and HCC. Additionally, ZZW-115 treatment leads to alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function, which can be rescued by Fer-1 and NAC.

CELL DEATH DISCOVERY (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

DHODH-mediated ferroptosis defence is a targetable vulnerability in cancer

Chao Mao et al.

Summary: The study reveals the mechanism of ferroptosis induced by inhibiting GPX4 in cancer cells, as well as the potential pathways to enhance or inhibit ferroptosis by intervening in relevant metabolic pathways. Therapeutic strategies targeting different levels of GPX4 expression could be a promising new approach for cancer treatment.

NATURE (2021)

Article Cell Biology

GSTZ1 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib-induced ferroptosis via inhibition of NRF2/GPX4 axis

Qiujie Wang et al.

Summary: The study revealed that GSTZ1 enhances sorafenib-induced ferroptosis by inhibiting the NRF2/GPX4 axis in HCC cells, and the combination therapy of sorafenib and GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 may be a promising strategy in HCC treatment.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Anthracyclins Increase PUFAs: Potential Implications in ER Stress and Cell Death

David Balgoma et al.

Summary: The study indicates that supplementation with PUFAs and/or etherPEs with PUFAs may serve as a potential general adjuvant of anthracyclins, while modulation of cholesterol metabolism could be considered a specific adjuvant depending on the type of tumor and individual. Additionally, the imbalance between PUFAs and cholesterol and saturated lipids partially explains the sensitivity to anthracyclins in different cells. Overall, the modulation of different lipid metabolic pathways may be considered for generalized and personalized metabochemotherapies.
Article Oncology

ENO3 promoted the progression of NASH by negatively regulating ferroptosis via elevation of GPX4 expression and lipid accumulation

Di Lu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that ENO3 promotes the progression of NASH by negatively regulating ferroptosis and promoting lipid accumulation. These findings provide a foundation for the regulatory role of ENO3 in NASH, suggesting ENO3 may be a potential therapeutic target for NASH.

ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

Review Oncology

DHODH and cancer: promising prospects to be explored

Yue Zhou et al.

Summary: DHODH plays a crucial role in tumor progression, including de novo pyrimidine synthesis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain in cancer cells. Various DHODH inhibitors have been developed over the past decades to target DHODH and its additional effects.

CANCER & METABOLISM (2021)

Article Cell Biology

O-GlcNAcylation enhances sensitivity to RSL3-induced ferroptosis via the YAP/TFRC pathway in liver cancer

Guoqing Zhu et al.

Summary: This study found that O-GlcNAcylation increases the sensitivity of HCC cells to ferroptosis through YAP/TFRC. This discovery provides a new basis for clinical therapeutic strategies for HCC patients.

CELL DEATH DISCOVERY (2021)

Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Novel SREBP1 inhibitor cinobufotalin suppresses proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting lipogenesis

Huannan Meng et al.

Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated that CBF effectively inhibited HCC by promoting cell apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, and suppressing lipogenesis. The results showed a significant reduction in tumor growth rate and changes in fatty acid profiles after CBF treatment. Mechanistically, CBF selectively targeted SREBP1 to hinder lipid synthesis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for HCC.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Individual Expression of Hepatitis A Virus 3C Protease Induces Ferroptosis in Human Cells In Vitro

Alexey A. Komissarov et al.

Summary: Regulated cell death (RCD) is a fundamental process common to all living beings, and recent research has shown that picornaviral 3C proteases and human hepatitis A virus 3C protease can induce different types of cell death with distinct cellular changes. Specifically, it has been demonstrated for the first time that 3Cpro can induce ferroptosis when expressed individually in human cells.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Sorafenib fails to trigger ferroptosis across a wide range of cancer cell lines

Jiashuo Zheng et al.

Summary: Sorafenib does not induce ferroptosis and only a subset of tumor cell lines experience ferroptosis in response to system x(c)(-) inhibitors. These findings suggest that different tumor cells exhibit varying responses to ferroptosis.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2021)

Article Oncology

The Clinicopathological Significance of YAP/TAZ Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Relation to Hypoxia and Stemness

Hyunjin Park et al.

Summary: The study revealed that in HCC, the expression of YAP and TAZ is associated with vascular invasion, stemness, and EMT markers. YAP/TAZ positivity is more frequently observed in HCC expressing CAIX.

PATHOLOGY & ONCOLOGY RESEARCH (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

ESCRT-III-dependent membrane repair blocks ferroptosis

Enyong Dai et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

AIFM2 blocks ferroptosis independent of ubiquinol metabolism

Enyong Dai et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase contributes to phospholipid peroxidation in ferroptosis

Yilong Zou et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2020)

Article Oncology

Protective Role of Decorin in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Andrea Reszegi et al.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Richard S. Finn et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Mitochondria-dependent ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity

Tomonori Tadokoro et al.

JCI INSIGHT (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Saponin Formosanin C-Induced Ferritinophagy and Ferroptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Pin-Lun Lin et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Plasticity of ether lipids promotes ferroptosis susceptibility and evasion

Yilong Zou et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Hepatic lipocalin 2 promotes liver fibrosis and portal hypertension

Jiegen Chen et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 maintain membrane fluidity in most human cell types and independently of adiponectin

Mario Ruiz et al.

JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH (2019)

Review Cell Biology

The molecular machinery of regulated cell death

Daolin Tang et al.

CELL RESEARCH (2019)

Article Cell Biology

Sigma-1 receptor protects against ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Tao Bai et al.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

FSP1 is a glutathione-independent ferroptosis suppressor

Sebastian Doll et al.

NATURE (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The chemical basis of ferroptosis

Marcus Conrad et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2019)

Review Cell Biology

Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Ferroptosis

Lian-Jiu Su et al.

OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lipid storage and lipophagy regulates ferroptosis

Yuansong Bai et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Exogenous Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Promote a Ferroptosis-Resistant Cell State

Leslie Magtanong et al.

CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2019)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018

Lorenzo Galluzzi et al.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2018)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Role of Beclin 1 expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Chaojie Liang et al.

ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

AMPK-Mediated BECN1 Phosphorylation Promotes Ferroptosis by Directly Blocking System Xc- Activity

Xinxin Song et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2018)

Review Oncology

Molecular therapies and precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma

Josep M. Llovet et al.

NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Oxidized arachidonic and adrenic PEs navigate cells to ferroptosis

Valerian E. Kagan et al.

NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY (2017)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Characterization of Ferroptosis in Murine Models of Hemochromatosis

Hao Wang et al.

HEPATOLOGY (2017)

Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Chemical tools for detecting Fe ions

Tasuku Hirayama et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION (2017)

Article Cell Biology

The Tumor Suppressor p53 Limits Ferroptosis by Blocking DPP4 Activity

Yangchun Xie et al.

CELL REPORTS (2017)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

CISD1 inhibits ferroptosis by protection against mitochondrial lipid peroxidation

Hua Yuan et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of baicalein as a ferroptosis inhibitor by natural product library screening

Yangchun Xie et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ferroptosis: process and function

Y. Xie et al.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2016)

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Metallothionein-1G Facilitates Sorafenib Resistance Through Inhibition of Ferroptosis

Xiaofang Sun et al.

HEPATOLOGY (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Metallothionein-1 as a biomarker of altered redox metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma cells exposed to sorafenib

Aline Houessinon et al.

MOLECULAR CANCER (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by lipoxygenases drives ferroptosis

Wan Seok Yang et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2016)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Glutathione peroxidase 4 and vitamin E cooperatively prevent hepatocellular degeneration

Bradley A. Carlson et al.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2016)

Article Cell Biology

GPX4 and GPX7 over-expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues

E. Guerriero et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY (2015)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Glutaminolysis and Transferrin Regulate Ferroptosis

Minghui Gao et al.

MOLECULAR CELL (2015)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Regulation of Ferroptotic Cancer Cell Death by GPX4

Wan Seok Yang et al.

Article Genetics & Heredity

Trans-ancestry mutational landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma genomes

Yasushi Totoki et al.

NATURE GENETICS (2014)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Decorin deficiency promotes hepatic carcinogenesis

Zsolt Horvath et al.

MATRIX BIOLOGY (2014)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ferroptosis: An Iron-Dependent Form of Nonapoptotic Cell Death

Scott J. Dixon et al.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Glutaminase 2, a novel p53 target gene regulating energy metabolism and antioxidant function

Wenwei Hu et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2010)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cytoplasmic functions of the tumour suppressor p53

Douglas R. Green et al.

NATURE (2009)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

NOX in liver fibrosis

Sarnuele De Minicis et al.

ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS (2007)