JARID2 and EZH2, the eminent epigenetic drivers in human cancer

Cancer has become a prominent cause of death, accounting for approximately 10 million deaths worldwide as per the World Health Organization report 2020. Epigenetics deal with the alterations of heritable phenotypes, except for DNA alterations. Currently, we are trying to comprehend the role of utmost significant epigenetic genes involved in the burgeoning of human cancer. A sundry of studies have reported the Enhancer of Zeste Homologue2 (EZH2) as a prime catalytic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex2, which is involved in several pivotal activities, including embryogenesis. In addition, EZH2 has detrimental effects leading to the onset and metastasis of several cancers. Jumonji AT Rich Interacting Domain2 (JARID2), an undebated crucial nuclear factor, has strong coordination with the PRC2 family. In this review, we discuss various epigenetic entities, primarily focusing on the possible role and mechanism of EZH2 and the significant contribution of JARID2 in human cancers.

Automated summary

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with approximately 10 million deaths reported in the World Health Organization's 2020 report. Epigenetics, which involves heritable phenotype alterations beyond DNA changes, plays a crucial role in the development of human cancers. The Enhancer of Zeste Homologue2 (EZH2) has been identified as a key catalytic subunit involved in several essential activities, including embryogenesis, and its dysregulation contributes to the onset and metastasis of various cancers. Jumonji AT Rich Interacting Domain2 (JARID2), another important nuclear factor, has significant coordination with the PRC2 family. This review focuses on discussing the role and mechanism of EZH2 and the important contribution of JARID2 in human cancers.