Screening strategy for ketamine-based new psychoactive substances using fragmentation characteristics from high resolution mass spectrometry

Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and behavioural studies of deschloroketamine in Wistar rats

Kristyna Stefkova-Mazochova et al.

Summary: The study found that DCK has similar behavioral and addictive profiles to ketamine, with S-DCK being more active and having a slightly slower pharmacokinetic profile, which may result in a longer duration of action.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, Legal

Screening of new psychoactive substances in human plasma by magnetic solid phase extraction and LC-QTOF-MS

Jinwoo Hwang et al.

Summary: The emergence of new psychoactive substances poses an increasing challenge in forensic toxicology. This study attempted to extract 40 NPSs from human plasma using magnetic solid phase extraction and analyzed them using LC-QTOF-MS. The method showed advantages in terms of shorter extraction time and lower solvent consumption.

FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

N-Ethylnorketamine has anesthetic and analgesic effects with abuse liability

Feng Li et al.

Summary: This study compared the anesthetic, analgesic activity, and abuse liability of the new synthetic drug N-Ethylnorketamine (NENK) with ketamine. The results showed that NENK has lower anesthetic and analgesic activity compared to ketamine, but has significant abuse liability.

BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

Ketamine; history and role in anesthetic pharmacology

Kazuyoshi Hirota et al.

Summary: Ketamine, in addition to its use as an anesthetic, has various beneficial effects such as analgesia, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and even anti-depressive actions.

NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Potential of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Detection of Drugs and Metabolites in Hair: Methoxetamine in a Real Forensic Case

J. M. Matey et al.

Summary: The analysis of drugs of abuse requires high selectivity and sensitivity. In this study, a high-resolution technique was used to detect methoxetamine and its metabolites in a previous case of drug abuse, demonstrating faster and more sensitive analysis compared to traditional methods.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Finding the proverbial needle: Non-targeted screening of synthetic opioids in equine plasma

Joshua Klingberg et al.

Summary: This study investigated non-targeted screening techniques for synthetic opioids using product ion searching and Kendrick mass defect analysis. The screening cut-offs for these techniques ranged between 0.05 and 0.1 ng/mL, allowing them to be applied to existing drug screening protocols without reliance on specific vendor software.

DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Targeted and untargeted detection of fentanyl analogues and their metabolites in hair by means of UHPLC-QTOF-HRMS

Alberto Salomone et al.

Summary: Detection of new psychoactive substances and synthetic opioids is usually conducted through targeted mass spectrometry methods, which offer sufficient sensitivity and specificity. However, the continuous introduction of new compounds into the illegal drug market hinders the timely updating of analytical procedures. Non-targeted approaches with modern UHPLC-HRMS instruments, along with hair analysis for long-term exposure detection, present new opportunities for toxicologically relevant substance detection.

ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Comparative Neuropharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Methamphetamine and Its Thiophene Analog Methiopropamine in Rodents

Silja Skogstad Tuv et al.

Summary: In this study, it was found that Methiopropamine closely resembles methamphetamine with regard to its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic effects and mechanism of action, but with a potency that is approximately five times lower than that of methamphetamine, which may heighten the risk of unintended overdose in NPS users.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Metabolic profiling of deschloro-N-ethyl-ketamine and identification of new target metabolites in urine and hair using human liver microsomes and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry

Islam Amine Larabi et al.

Summary: This study aimed to identify new markers of O-PCE through in vitro and in vivo analysis, resulting in the identification of 15 metabolites, with nine metabolites detected in urine for extended detection window. In urine, 2-en-PCA-N-Glu, M3, O-PCA-N-Glu, OH-O-PCE, and OH-PCE were suggested as target metabolites, while OH-PCA in hair was highlighted as the best marker for long-term monitoring of O-PCE exposure.

DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Legal

Method development for the identification of methoxpropamine, 2-fluoro-deschloroketamine and deschloroketamine and their main metabolites in blood and hair and forensic application

Serena Mestria et al.

Summary: The increasing availability of new psychoactive substances poses a threat to public health and presents challenges in analysis and legislation. This study utilized high resolution mass spectrometry to characterize novel ketamine analogues and their metabolites, providing insights into their toxicokinetics.

FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical