A dispersive solid-phase extraction method for the determination of Aristolochic acids in Houttuynia cordata based on MIL-101(Fe): An analytes-oriented adsorbent selection design

In view of the molecular structure of Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) and Aristolochic acid II (AA-II), MIL-101(Fe) was selected as the sorbent to develop a dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) method for capturing the two analytes from Houttuynia cordata. The interactions between the sorbent and analytes were investigated by FT-IR, XPS and UV-Vis DRS spectra. The optimized method demonstrated good linearity with R2 > 0.9999. The limit of detections (LODs) were 0.007 mg/L and 0.014 mg/L for AA-I and AA-II, respectively, lower than the limit stipulated by Chinese Pharmacopoeia (0.001 %, w/w). The recoveries for AA-I and AA-II were within the range of 73.3-106.4 %. The precisions of intra-day and inter-day were 0.9-5.8 % and 2.1-5.8 %, respectively. Thus, the established method demonstrated to be efficient and reliable to determine AA-I and AA-II in Houttuynia cordata.

Automated summary

Based on the molecular structure of Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) and Aristolochic acid II (AA-II), MIL-101(Fe) was selected as the sorbent for developing a dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) method to capture these two analytes from Houttuynia cordata. The interaction between the sorbent and analytes was investigated through FT-IR, XPS, and UV-Vis DRS spectra. The optimized method showed good linearity with R2 > 0.9999. The limits of detection (LODs) for AA-I and AA-II were 0.007 mg/L and 0.014 mg/L, respectively, lower than the limit stipulated by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (0.001 %, w/w). The recoveries for AA-I and AA-II ranged from 73.3% to 106.4%. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were 0.9%-5.8% and 2.1%-5.8%, respectively. Therefore, this established method proved to be efficient and reliable for determining AA-I and AA-II in Houttuynia cordata.