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Article
Fisheries
Paul Burch et al.
Summary: The eastern Australian stock of orange roughy, a deep-water, long-lived species, experienced significant exploitation in the late 1980s and early 1990s, resulting in a drastic reduction in biomass. The fishery was closed in 2006, but recent assessments have shown an increase in the stock's biomass, leading to its reopening in 2015. The assessment process is controversial and closely scrutinized, using the Stock Synthesis platform and key inputs such as catch data, acoustic surveys, and age-composition data.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Simon D. Hoyle et al.
Summary: The values of natural mortality (M) play a significant role in stock assessment models and have a strong impact on model outcomes and management advice. Estimating natural mortality is challenging, and there is often limited information available. In this study, we review the evidence used to estimate natural mortality at different ages for the four main stocks of yellowfin tuna. We discuss important factors influencing the estimation, such as age-related variations linked to size, maturity state, or senescence, and identify information gaps. We also assess the historical values of natural mortality used in stock assessments and propose a range of estimates based on approaches discussed in a recent meeting. Furthermore, we recommend future research to improve the estimation of natural mortality.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Fisheries
Mark N. Maunder et al.
Summary: Natural mortality (M), an important parameter in fisheries stock assessment and management, is difficult to estimate and uncertain. This paper reviews various methods to estimate M and suggests that directly estimating M using data and assigning a prior based on empirical methods is the most effective approach.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Matthew T. Vincent et al.
Summary: The status of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the western and central Pacific Ocean was assessed using an integrated catch-at-age model. The study found that the functional form of M at age, assumptions of tag reporting rate parameters, and modeling decisions influenced the estimation of natural mortality.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Hannes Hoffle et al.
Summary: Beaked redfish is a commercially important species that produces living offspring. The natural mortality of this species has been assessed using various estimators, but the results have been highly variable. The estimators developed for other taxa may not be suitable for beaked redfish, indicating the need for further investigation.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
William G. Clark
Summary: The process equations of a stock assessment model can be solved for the model parameters using the EM algorithm, even when most of the age-specific catchabilities and mortality rates are free parameters. However, this method only works for deterministic data and breaks down when applied to stochastic data.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jie Cao et al.
Summary: This study conducted simulation-estimation experiments to evaluate the ability of a size-structured assessment model to estimate time-varying natural mortality (M) and quantify the consequences of mis-specifying M. The results showed that estimating time-varying M as a mean and time-specific deviations using auxiliary information performed the best among the three methods tested.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Eva E. Plaganyi et al.
Summary: Stock assessment models often assume constant natural mortality rates, but this assumption may not be valid if natural mortality varies due to trophic interactions and environmental changes. Hence, multispecies models are used to capture variations in natural mortality rates and quantify fishing impacts on the broader ecosystem. These models are increasingly important as ecosystems respond to a more variable and changing climate.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Mark N. Maunder
Summary: The Ricker and Beverton-Holt stock recruitment relationships show that changes in adult abundance can strongly influence juvenile survival even at low biomass levels. This suggests that factors other than resource limitation, such as changes in predation risk, control density dependence. A simple habitat limitation model and a generalized logistic survival stock-recruitment model are proposed to explain these relationships. The findings have important implications for fisheries management and understanding the population dynamics of different species.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Lee Cronin-Fine et al.
Summary: This study explores the ability of size-structured stock assessment models to estimate natural mortality (M) for different scenarios. The results show that these models can effectively estimate time-varying, sex and maturity stage-specific M. Simultaneously estimating growth and M has a negative impact on the ability to estimate M, but a positive effect on the quality of estimates of spawning stock biomass.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Skyler R. Sagarese et al.
Summary: Extensions of single-species stock assessments to include ecosystem considerations are important for achieving an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. Simulation testing shows that correctly specifying the years in which red tide mortality events occurred is the most unbiased and precise method for estimating population quantities. However, the estimated red tide mortalities can vary greatly. Ignoring episodic mortality events can lead to misinterpretation in model fitting and inflated estimates of fishing mortality.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Paul M. Regular et al.
Summary: Starvation is a common process in nature, and it is challenging to model starvation-induced mortality due to the difficulty of isolating specific sources of natural mortality. A statistical approach using body condition data has been developed to estimate starvation-induced mortality in fish populations. The study found a positive association between natural mortality rates and mortality index derived from poor body condition proportions in Northern cod populations, highlighting the importance of considering prey availability in stock assessment and ecosystem-based fisheries management.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Tom Peatman et al.
Summary: A study was conducted on skipjack and yellowfin tuna in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, using mark-recapture data from 1977 to 2017. The analysis revealed an increase in fishing mortality over time for both species, with evidence of changes in selectivity for yellowfin. Estimates of natural mortality were highest for smaller individuals and generally lower for larger sizes. There was no clear evidence of temporal changes in natural mortality rates for either species.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jason M. Cope et al.
Summary: Estimating natural mortality is a challenging task, but it is an important measure for understanding life history. Direct and indirect methods are used to estimate this parameter, and the Natural Mortality Tool aims to combine multiple empirical estimators into one application. Comparing these estimators can help identify inconsistencies in life history values and promote transparent decision-making.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Owen S. Hamel et al.
Summary: The natural mortality rate M is a key parameter for estimating the productivity of a fish stock, but it is difficult to estimate accurately due to its correlation with other parameters, variation in population dynamics, data acquisition challenges, and factors like aging error. Meta-analytical approaches that relate M to other life history parameters are commonly used to provide estimates or Bayesian priors for M. Longevity, represented by the maximum observed or estimated age, is one of these life history parameters most directly linked to M. Considering age data and factors influencing its quality is important when using the relationship between maximum age and M derived from meta-analytical methods.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Grant D. Adams et al.
Summary: This study presents climate-informed multi-species statistical catch-at-age models for four groundfish species in the Gulf of Alaska. These models can supplement current fisheries management and provide insights into the trade-offs between harvesting different groundfish species.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
M. S. M. Siddeek et al.
Summary: This study evaluates the reliability of estimating natural mortality for male golden king crab in the eastern Aleutian Islands. The study compares an integrated length-based assessment model approach with a likelihood method using tag release-recapture data. The study suggests that the reliability of the mortality estimate decreases as initial survival and tag reporting rates decline.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Cody Szuwalski
Summary: Population dynamics models used for management advice often estimate confounded processes, and not accounting for time-variation in these processes can lead to errors in management advice. This study emphasizes the importance of evidence-based approaches when considering time-variation in population processes to ensure accurate management advice.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Kai Lorenzen et al.
Summary: Fisheries stock assessments increasingly consider the relationship between natural mortality rates and body length. This study reanalyzed previous data sets and found a close to -1 scaling relationship between natural mortality and length within populations. The study emphasizes the need to distinguish between within-population and among-population scaling relationships.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Kai Lorenzen
Summary: Natural mortality rates in fish populations vary with body size and age, and a new paradigm known as 'generalized length-inverse mortality' (GLIM) suggests that mortality declines inversely with body length throughout much of the juvenile and adult phases of the fish lifecycle. This finding has important implications for fish population modeling and stock assessment applications.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Deborah R. Hart et al.
Summary: This study estimates temporally varying natural mortality in a size-based stock assessment model for U.S. sea scallops in different regions. The results show that estimating natural mortality by year improves model performance and reveals density-dependent effects on natural mortality.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Martin W. Dorn et al.
Summary: Predation, although highly variable, remains the greatest source of mortality for juvenile and lower trophic-level fishes, with substantial and long-term effects on prey dynamics. By estimating time-varying predation mortality, the study aims to understand its effects on the population dynamics of pollock in a system dominated by upper trophic-level predators.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Andre E. Punt et al.
Summary: Natural mortality (M) is a crucial parameter in fish stock assessment, but estimating it accurately can be challenging and errors can impact management decisions. Using feedback management strategies can mitigate the effects of errors in M, but achieving management objectives may be compromised when errors are present.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Andrea M. J. Perreault et al.
Summary: This article discusses the issue of the fixed assumption of natural mortality rate in stock assessment models, proposes new methods called M diagnostics to evaluate the impact of natural mortality rate on model fit, and emphasizes the importance of routinely checking M diagnostics when formulating assessment models.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
M. Aldrin et al.
Summary: The study investigates the challenge in estimating natural mortality M in fish stock assessment models, finding that a time-invariant M can be estimated with reasonable precision for a few stocks, but for most stocks, the estimation uncertainty of M is very large. It is also discovered that accounting for variability across age and time using a simple model significantly improves performance for time-varying M compared to time-invariant M.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Kathryn L. Doering et al.
Summary: A Bayesian model was developed as an alternative method to estimate natural mortality in bivalves, which showed spatial and temporal variation in Chesapeake Bay oysters. Natural mortality rates spiked in 2002 and have since decreased. The Bayesian model estimated slightly higher natural mortality than the box count method overall, but lower natural mortality in years following peaks.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Marvin M. Mace et al.
Summary: Incorporating spatial information and estimating natural mortality, fishing mortality, abundance, and recruitment can better characterize oyster population dynamics, with different patterns emerging in different regions. Closer regions tend to have similar patterns. By integrating the number of dead individuals into the population dynamics model, we were able to estimate time-varying natural mortality.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
J. G. Pope et al.
Summary: The authors have collaborated for 40 years on various projects related to fisheries and marine ecosystems, focusing on the role of natural mortality (M) in fish stocks. Their research shows that predation mortality (M2) is a significant factor for North Sea fish species, with variations by age and year challenging the assumption of constant M. The study suggests a potentially universal formula for M2 that is subject to further testing and calibration against real-world data.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Jacob R. Krause et al.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Fisheries
Owen S. Hamel
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Fisheries
Amy Y. Then et al.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2015)
