期刊
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY
卷 19, 期 5, 页码 269-283出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2023.2221847
关键词
Breastfeeding; Breastfed infants; Drug exposure; Human milk; Pharmacokinetics; Physiologically based pharmacokinetics
PBPK and popPK modeling are promising approaches to fill the gap in knowledge of medicine safety in breastfeeding, as illustrated with our escitalopram example. These methods can provide a more complete characterization of infant medicine exposure through human milk and simulate extreme situations while decreasing the burden of sampling in breastfeeding women.
IntroductionDespite many research efforts, current data on the safety of medicines during breastfeeding are either fragmented or lacking, resulting in restrictive labeling of most medicines. In the absence of pharmacoepidemiologic safety studies, risk estimation for breastfed infants is mainly derived from pharmacokinetic (PK) information on medicine. This manuscript provides a description and a comparison of the different methodological approaches that can yield reliable information on medicine transfer into human milk and the resulting infant exposure.Area CoveredCurrently, most information on medicine transfer in human milk relies on case reports or traditional PK studies, which generate data that can hardly be generalized to the population. Some methodological approaches, such as population PK (popPK) and physiologically based PK (PBPK) modeling, can be used to provide a more complete characterization of infant medicine exposure through human milk and simulate the most extreme situations while decreasing the burden of sampling in breastfeeding women.Expert opinionPBPK and popPK modeling are promising approaches to fill the gap in knowledge of medicine safety in breastfeeding, as illustrated with our escitalopram example.
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