4.5 Review

Suicide, neuroinflammation and other physiological alterations

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Review Clinical Neurology

The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide

Ralf Brisch et al.

Summary: This review examines the potential role of microglial cells in neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, depression, and suicide. It discusses the interactions between microglia, astrocytes, and neurons in pathophysiological processes and explores the effects of drug therapy and electroconvulsive therapy on microglial cells. Finally, it also touches upon the evolutionary role of microglia in human lineage and how this understanding may shape perceptions of neuropsychiatric disorders.

EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

Article Neurosciences

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and suicidal behaviour: a population-based cohort study

Tyra Lagerberg et al.

Summary: Using nationwide Swedish registers, researchers found that SSRI treatment did not increase the risk of suicidal behavior, but may actually reduce it. The risk of suicidal behavior decreased over time after SSRI treatment initiation, across different age groups and history of suicide attempts. Further research with different study designs and populations is warranted to confirm these findings.

NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2022)

Article Psychiatry

Inflammation biomarkers in suicide attempts and their relation to abuse, global functioning and cognition

Jessica Fernandez-Sevillano et al.

Summary: The study found that IL-6 levels are associated with suicidal behavior, which may be influenced by stressful and traumatic experiences. Elevated concentrations of IL-6 could have a negative impact on attention, increasing the risk of suicide.

WORLD JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY (2022)

Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Suicidality and COVID-19: Suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviors and completed suicides amidst the COVID-19 pandemic (Review)

Vasiliki Efstathiou et al.

Summary: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, there has been concern about the potential increase in suicidal behaviors due to various pandemic-related stressors. However, most studies suggest that the experienced difficulties and distress do not immediately translate into a higher number of suicide-related deaths. The long-term mental health effects of the pandemic are still unknown but should be a priority for healthcare professionals and policymakers.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2022)

Review Psychiatry

Suicide in Healthcare Workers: Determinants, Challenges, and the Impact of COVID-19

Sana Awan et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant mental health challenges for healthcare workers, potentially leading to increased depression, anxiety, and even suicide. These risks need to be recognized and addressed.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY (2022)

Article Psychiatry

Suicidality and self-injury with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in youth: Occurrence, predictors and timing

Johanne Osterby Sorensen et al.

Summary: Objective meta-analyses have confirmed an increased risk of suicidality in youth treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This study found that suicidality was common in this group but overall decreased after starting SSRIs, with stable rates of suicide attempts. Previous suicidality, depression, female sex, and previous NSSI are important predictors for suicidality during SSRI treatment in youth.

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA (2022)

Review Clinical Neurology

Twenty-six years of psychosocial interventions to reduce suicide risk in adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Liat Itzhaky et al.

Summary: According to the study, psychosocial interventions for suicide prevention in adolescents showed little effectiveness compared with control treatments. However, both groups showed improvement in suicide outcomes compared to baseline.

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Mental Health Treatment Seeking and History of Suicidal Thoughts Among Suicide Decedents by Mechanism, 2003-2018

Allison E. Bond et al.

Summary: Understanding the differences in treatment seeking and suicidality between suicide decedents who died by firearms and those who died by other methods is crucial for prevention efforts. This study found that suicide decedents who died by firearms were more likely to disclose their suicidal thoughts or plans within the month prior to death, and were less likely to have previously attempted suicide.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Recent advances in clinical trials targeting the kynurenine pathway

Ananda Staats Pires et al.

Summary: The kynurenine pathway (KP) is a crucial pathway for the metabolism of tryptophan, an essential amino acid. Activation of KP under inflammatory conditions produces various metabolites that have the potential to affect redox activity, immune response, and neurotoxicity. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in a wide range of neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders.

PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2022)

Article

Neuroinflammation: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

Rosaria Meccariello et al.

Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (2022)

Review Psychiatry

'The dual pandemic' of suicide and COVID-19: A biopsychosocial narrative of risks and prevention

Debanjan Banerjee et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an increase in mental health issues such as psychiatric disorders and suicidal behavior. Various populations, including frontline workers, elderly, migrants, homeless individuals and those with pre-existing mental disorders, substance abuse and family history of suicides, may face higher risks of suicide.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The three-step theory of suicide: Description, evidence, and some useful points of clarification

E. David Klonsky et al.

Summary: Since its publication in 2015, the Three-Step Theory (3ST) of suicide has received considerable attention as a concise, evidence-based, and actionable theory. The 3ST has been cited in numerous scientific papers and integrated into continuing education programs, gatekeeper training, and self-help resources.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2021)

Article Psychiatry

SUICIDE RISK OVER THE COURSE OF THE DAY, WEEK, AND LIFE

Martin Ploederl

Summary: Suicide rates vary with different cycles in life, such as day of the week, seasons and holidays. Rates are higher in elderly people, especially in men. Some associations may seem counter-intuitive but can be explained by theories of suicide.

PSYCHIATRIA DANUBINA (2021)

Review Psychiatry

Suicide, self-harm and suicidal ideation during COVID-19: A systematic review

Saeed Farooq et al.

Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding a higher prevalence rate compared to pre-pandemic levels. Main risk factors identified included low social support, high physical and mental exhaustion, sleep disturbances, loneliness, and mental health difficulties. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to an increase in future suicide rates.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2021)

Review Psychiatry

How Does COVID-19 Affect the Neurobiology of Suicide?

I. Conejero et al.

Summary: This review explores the impact of COVID-19 on suicidal vulnerability and its interaction with suicide-related biological pathways, suggesting potential new treatment options for preventing suicide during a pandemic.

CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS (2021)

Article Immunology

Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosing Major Depressive Disorder Patients with Suicidal Ideation

Shunjie Bai et al.

Summary: This study identified four potential biomarkers, including AAT, TRSF, HDLC, and APOA1, for diagnosing MDD patients with suicidal ideation. Levels of AAT and APOA1 significantly improved after treatment, with the biomarker panel showing excellent diagnostic performance.

JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH (2021)

Review Cell Biology

Neuroinflammation: An Integrating Overview of Reactive-Neuroimmune Cell Interactions in Health and Disease

Rodolfo Kolliker-Frers et al.

Summary: Neuroinflammation in CNS involves a variety of neurological disorders and immune mediators, requiring a deeper understanding to identify potential therapeutic targets for controlling neuroinflammation.

MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION (2021)

Article Psychiatry

Suicide behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of 54 studies

Justin P. Dube et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased rates of suicide ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm, with younger people, women, and individuals from democratic countries being the most susceptible. Strong government protections and best practices in suicide prevention are urgently needed to reduce suicide behaviors during the pandemic.

PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH (2021)

Review Cell Biology

Neurobiological Basis of Increased Risk for Suicidal Behaviour

Aleksandra Wislowska-Stanek et al.

Summary: Suicide is a significant public health concern, with close associations to depression, neurobiological changes, and psychological factors. Appropriate psychological treatments and medications can attenuate suicide risk.
Article Immunology

Life in the flame: Inflammation sounds the alarm for suicide risk

Wen-Jie Yan et al.

Summary: The World Health Organization presented a Mental Health Action Plan in 2013 with a specific goal for suicide prevention, which aims to reduce the suicide rate by 10% in member countries by 2020. Many valuable breakthroughs have emerged in suicide research in recent years, with the potential for inflammatory biomarkers to play a promising role in the future.

BRAIN, BEHAVIOR, & IMMUNITY - HEALTH (2021)

Review Substance Abuse

Suicide Risk and Addiction: The Impact of Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders

Mina M. Rizk et al.

Summary: Suicide is a major public health concern, and alcohol and opioid use disorders pose increased risk for suicide. Chronic alcohol and opioid use can lead to maladaptive coping behaviors and negative affective states, contributing to suicide risk.

CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Suicide

Seena Fazel et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Review Environmental Sciences

A Specific Inflammatory Profile Underlying Suicide Risk? Systematic Review of the Main Literature Findings

Gianluca Serafini et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide rates

Leo Sher

QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication and risk of suicide attempt: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Wen-juan Liu et al.

PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY (2020)

Review Neurosciences

The Involvement of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis in Suicide Risk

Isabella Berardelli et al.

BRAIN SCIENCES (2020)

Review Neurosciences

Social and Biological Parameters Involved in Suicide Ideation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

Chenthamara Dhrisya et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRYPTOPHAN RESEARCH (2020)

Article Psychiatry

Seasonality of suicide: a multi-country multi-community observational study

J. Yu et al.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRIC SCIENCES (2020)

Article Clinical Neurology

An inflammatory profile linked to increased suicide risk

Sarah A. Keaton et al.

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (2019)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Suicidality in Borderline Personality Disorder

Joel Paris

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2019)

Article Clinical Neurology

The role of substance use, smoking, and inflammation in risk for suicidal behavior

He Benny Chang et al.

JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS (2019)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Suicide among physicians and health-care workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Frederic Dutheil et al.

PLOS ONE (2019)

Article Psychiatry

SUICIDE AND SUICIDE ATTEMPT DESCRIPTORS BY MULTIMETHOD APPROACH

Bojan Zalar et al.

PSYCHIATRIA DANUBINA (2018)

Review Neurosciences

Role of Inflammation in Suicide: From Mechanisms to Treatment

Lena Brundin et al.

NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2017)

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Blunted HPA axis activity prior to suicide attempt and increased inflammation in attempters

Nadine M. Melhem et al.

PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY (2017)

Review Psychiatry

Biomarkers of Suicide Attempt Behavior: Towards a Biological Model of Risk

Katherin Sudol et al.

CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS (2017)

Review Psychology, Clinical

Suicide, Suicide Attempts, and Suicidal Ideation

E. David Klonsky et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 12 (2016)

Review Immunology

Inflammatory markers and suicidal attempts in depressed patients: A review

Stefano Marini et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY (2016)

Article Psychology, Clinical

The Three-Step Theory (3ST): A New Theory of Suicide Rooted in the Ideation-to-Action Framework

E. David Klonsky et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE THERAPY (2015)

Review Psychiatry

Toward a Biosignature for Suicide

Maria A. Oquendo et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY (2014)

Article Psychiatry

The neurobiology of suicide

Kees van Heeringen et al.

LANCET PSYCHIATRY (2014)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Suicide prevention strategies - A systematic review

JJ Mann et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2005)