A Review of Nb2CT x MXene as an Emerging 2D Material: Synthesis, Applications in Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors, Progress, and Outlook

Layered two-dimensional (2D) transitionmetal nitrides/carbides/carbonitridesare collectively known as MXenes. MXenes are the most explored candidatesin the family of 2D materials due to their extraordinary physicochemicalproperties, which have proved to be beneficial for multifunctionalapplications, most likely in electrochemical energy storage, energygeneration, sensing, photocatalysis, etc. In the MXene family, niobiumcarbide (Nb2CT x ) is an emergingnovel member finding suitable applications due to its unique properties,although a smaller number of research studies have been conductedon this particular MXene to date and are still in their infancy. TheNb(2)CT( x ) MXene has attractedgreat scientific attention among the various available non-titanium-basedMXenes. A detailed review on the peculiar characteristics and prominentenergy applications of this novel 2D material is lacking in the literature.This has motivated us to present a review article that provides anoutline on the synthesis and exemplary energy applications of Nb2CT x MXene based materials, particularlyfor rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors. A brief descriptionof the crystal structure and properties of the Nb2CT x MXene is included. By understanding thephysics and chemistry of the Nb2CT x MXene, the properties can be tailored suitable for specificapplications. This review proclaims that Nb2CT x MXene based materials can be a future efficientelectrode material for rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors.

Automated summary

MXenes are 2D transition metal nitrides/carbides/carbonitrides that possess extraordinary physicochemical properties and have potential applications in electrochemical energy storage, energy generation, sensing, photocatalysis, etc. Among the MXene family, niobium carbide (Nb2CT x ) is a novel member with unique properties, although there have been fewer studies on it compared to other MXenes. This review highlights the synthesis and energy applications of Nb2CT x MXene based materials, particularly in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors, and discusses the tailored properties for specific applications.