期刊
ECOLOGY LETTERS
卷 26, 期 5, 页码 789-796出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.14200
关键词
captive breeding; conservation of migratory species; conservation reintroduction and release; flight efficiency and aerodynamics; phenotypic plasticity; wing shape and feather length
类别
Captive breeding and release to the wild is important for conservation, but it can result in phenotypic changes that incur fitness costs. This study demonstrates the surprising plasticity of bird wing phenotypes in captivity and the impact on post-release survival. Subtle phenotypic changes and their fitness impacts are more common than realized and require monitoring and mitigation strategies for improved captive breeding.
Captive breeding and release to the wild is a globally important conservation tool. However, captivity can result in phenotypic changes that incur post-release fitness costs, especially if they affect strenuous or risky behaviours. Bird wing shape is critical for migration success and suboptimal phenotypes are strongly selected against. In this study, I demonstrate surprising plasticity of bird wing phenotypes in captivity for 4/16 studied species. In a model species, captive-born juveniles with wild wing phenotypes (a 1-mm longer distal primary flight feather) survived post-release at 2.7 times the rate of those with captive phenotypes (i.e. a shorter distal feather). Subtle phenotypic changes and their fitness impacts are more common than widely realised because they are easily overlooked. To improve captive breeding for conservation, practitioners must surveil phenotypic changes and find ways to mitigate them.
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