Racial Differences in Aging-Related Deficits Among Older Adults With Colorectal Cancer

BACKGROUND: Despite the known influences of both race-and aging-related factors in colorectal cancer outcomes and mortality, limited literature is available on the intersection between race and aging-related impairments.OBJECTIVE: To explore racial differences in frailty and geriatric deficit subdomains among patients with colorectal cancer.DESIGN: Retrospective study using data from the Cancer and Aging Resilience Evaluation registry. SETTINGS: A comprehensive cancer center in the Deep South.PATIENTS: Older adults (aged =60 years) with colorectal cancer.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measure of frailty and geriatric assessment subdomains of physical function, functional status, cognitive complaints, psychological function, and health-related quality of life.RESULTS: Black patients lived in areas with a higher social vulnerability index compared to White patients (0.69 vs 0.49; p < 0.01) and had limited social support more often (54.5% vs 34.9%; p = 0.01). After adjustment for age, cancer stage, comorbidities, and social vulnerability index, Black patients were found to have a higher rate of frailty than White patients (adjusted OR 3.77; 95% CI, 1.76-8.18; p = 0.01). In addition, Black patients had more physical limitations (walking 1 block: adjusted OR 1.93; 95% CI, 1.02-3.69; p = 0.04), functional limitations (activities of daily living: adjusted OR 3.21; 95% CI, 1.42-7.24; p = 0.01), and deficits in health-related quality of life (poor global self reported health: adjusted OR 2.45; 95% CI, 1.23- 5.13; p = 0.01). Similar findings were shown after stratification by stage I to III vs IV. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study at a single institution.CONCLUSIONS: Among older patients with colorectal cancer, Black patients were more likely to be frail than White patients, with deficits observed specifically in physical function, functional status, and health related quality of life. Geriatric assessment may provide an important tool in addressing racial inequities in colorectal cancer.

Automated summary

This study examined racial differences in frailty and geriatric deficit subdomains among patients with colorectal cancer. The results showed that Black patients had more limitations and deficits in physical function, functional status, and health-related quality of life compared to White patients. These findings suggest that geriatric assessment may serve as an important tool in addressing racial inequities in colorectal cancer.