Ascorbate formulation improves healing efficacy in excisional wound mice model through interplay between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic markers

Background and objective: Biomedical research in regenerative medicine prompts researchers to formulate cost-effective therapeutics for wound healing. The present study was conducted to characterize the ascorbate based formulation vis-a-vis investigating the molecular dynamics of the formulation.Materials and methods: To characterize the formulation, particle size, zeta potential, thermal stability, compati-bility, anti-oxidant, and permeation prospective were measured using standard protocols. The in-vitro healing potential and safety formulae were evaluated using the L929 cell line. For molecular unravelling of the phar-macodynamics of formulation, an excision wound model was used, and 54 mice were randomly and equally divided into three groups, i.e., untreated, betadine-treated, and formulation-treated, to ascertain the interplay between cytokines and chemokines and their culminative role in the release of growth factors.Results: The ascorbate formulae were found to be amorphous, biocompatible, safe, and long-lasting, with particle sizes and zeta potentials of 389.7 +/- 0.69 nm and-38.1 +/- 0.65 mV, respectively, and anti-oxidative potential. An in-vitro study revealed that the formulation has a significant (p<0.05) migration potential and is non-toxic. Expression profiling of TGF-beta, FGF-2, VEGF, and collagen III & I showed significant (p<0.05) up-regulation, whereas significant (p<0.05) down-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes like IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and temporal change in CCR-5 was observed in formulae-treated animals as compared to other groups.Conclusion: By up-regulating angiogenic and collagen-promoting growth factor gene expression while down-regulating pro-inflammatory gene expression, ascorbate formulation promotes wound healing via extracellular matrix and granulation tissue deposition with significant improvement in tensile strength.

Automated summary

The ascorbate-based formulation was characterized and its molecular dynamics were investigated. The formulation was found to be amorphous, biocompatible, safe, and long-lasting. In vitro studies showed significant migration potential and non-toxicity. The formulation promoted wound healing via up-regulation of angiogenic and collagen-promoting growth factor gene expression while down-regulating pro-inflammatory gene expression.