Role of Small Molecule Ligands in IgE-Mediated Allergy

Purpose of ReviewA significant fraction of allergens bind small molecular ligands, and many of these compounds are classified as lipids. However, in most cases, we do not know the role that is played by the ligands in the allergic sensitization or allergic effector phases.Recent FindingsMore effort is dedicated toward identification of allergens' ligands. This resulted in identification of some lipidic compounds that can play active immunomodulatory roles or impact allergens' molecular and allergic properties.Four allergen families (lipocalins, NPC2, nsLTP, and PR-10) are among the best characterized in terms of their ligand-binding properties. Allergens from these four families are able to bind many chemically diverse molecules. These molecules can directly interact with human immune system and/or affect conformation and stability of allergens. While there is more data on the allergens and their small molecular ligands, we are just starting to understand their role in allergy.

Automated summary

A significant portion of allergens bind with small molecular ligands, many of which are lipids. However, the role of these ligands in allergic sensitization or effector phases is mostly unknown.