Synergism of Freeze-Drying and CAI to Obtain Narrowly Dispersed BaTiO3 Nanoparticles: A Step towards Commercialization

The miniaturization and demand for high-performance BaTiO3 (BTO)-based multilayer chips have evoked tremendous research to further scale down the size of the BTO nano-particles (NPs) by wet chemical techniques. However, synthesizing narrowly dispersed tetragonal-BTO NPs with nano-scale size is still challenging. In this work, a maleic acid-assisted modified co-precipitation (CP) route armed with freeze-drying was carried out to obtain BTO NPs with a mean size of-,170 nm and a high c/a ratio of 1.0109. In addition, the synergetic effect of freeze-drying accompanied by glucose as an aggregation inhibitor resulted in ultra-fine (-,44 nm) narrowly dispersed tetragonal BTO, which to the best of our knowledge is the finest compared with those obtained by CP methods and even hydrothermal method. The maximum permittivity of >12,000 with low dielectric loss (0.03) can be obtained for the as-obtained BTO-Fr-Gl-pH9-1400C ceramic pellet. This modified synthetic strategy and the obtained powder are promising for further scaling the BTO-based multilayer chips.

Automated summary

By using a modified co-precipitation route with maleic acid-assisted freeze-drying, narrowly dispersed tetragonal BaTiO3 (BTO) nanoparticles with a mean size of around 170 nm and a high c/a ratio of 1.0109 were synthesized. The ultra-fine (around 44 nm) tetragonal BTO obtained through this approach exhibits better dispersibility compared to other methods. The as-obtained BTO-Fr-Gl-pH9-1400C ceramic pellet shows a high permittivity (>12,000) and low dielectric loss (0.03), making it promising for further scaling of BTO-based multilayer chips.