Ammonia Synthesis via an Associative Mechanism on Alkaline Earth Metal Sites of Ca3CrN3H

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Size sensitivity of supported Ru catalysts for ammonia synthesis: From nanoparticles to subnanometric clusters and atomic clusters

Lingling Li et al.

Summary: The study investigates the synthesis of Ru catalysts with different sizes, and finds that sub-nanometric Ru atomic clusters display superior performance and high turnover frequency in NH3 synthesis compared to nanoparticles.

CHEM (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Challenges and Opportunities of Ru-Based Catalysts toward the Synthesis and Utilization of Ammonia

Huihuang Fang et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the recent progress in engineering Ru-based catalysts for ammonia synthesis and decomposition through various strategies, and discusses the nature and characteristics of Ru catalysis in these reactions.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Formation of a Complex Active Center by Ba2RuH6 for Nondissociative Dinitrogen Activation and Ammonia Formation

Chuangwei Liu et al.

Summary: The ternary barium-ruthenium complex hydride Ba2RuH6 exhibits outstanding catalytic activity in N2 reduction reaction, with barium playing a unique and vital role by directly donating electrons and bonding with reacting species to facilitate ammonia synthesis. The catalytic mechanism involves a complex active center consisting of three barium atoms and one ruthenium atom, along with coordinating hydridic hydrogens, demonstrating dynamic and synergistic engagement in electron and proton transfers.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Potassium hydride-intercalated graphite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for ammonia synthesis

Fei Chang et al.

Summary: This article introduces a transition-metal-free catalyst-potassium hydride-intercalated graphite, which can activate dinitrogen at lower temperatures and pressures, and shows comparable performance to classical noble metal catalysts in ammonia synthesis reactions.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Topochemical Synthesis of Ca3CrN3H Involving a Rotational Structural Transformation for Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis

Yu Cao et al.

Summary: Topochemical reactions play a crucial role in the synthesis of new metastable compounds with novel chemical and physical properties by maintaining the overall crystal structure of the host material. In this study, a hexagonal nitride hydride, h-Ca3CrN3H, was synthesized by heating an orthorhombic nitride, o-Ca3CrN3, under hydrogen atmosphere, accompanied by a rotational structural transformation. The resulting h-Ca3CrN3H exhibited stable ammonia synthesis activity when used as a catalyst.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Hydride ion intercalation and conduction in the electride Sr3CrN3

Miaoting Xu et al.

Summary: The electride Sr3CrN3 is found to have a one-dimensional channel of electron density, which makes it an excellent hydride conductor with low diffusion barrier and high diffusion coefficient. The study also reveals the most-stable amount of hydride in the host material under standard conditions and the corresponding change in electronic structure.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Vanadium Hydride as an Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst

Yu Cao et al.

Summary: Early transition metals V and Nb show enhanced catalytic activity through hydride diffusion due to their body-centered cubic (bcc) related structures and relatively lower M-N bond strengths. The activity of vanadium hydride surpasses previously reported hydrogenated titanium and is comparable to TiH2 and Cs-Ru/MgO at 400°C under 5 MPa. These findings suggest potential for developing new single-phase hydride catalysts for previously overlooked elements without compromising activity levels.

CHEMCATCHEM (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advances in Materials and Applications of Inorganic Electrides

Hideo Hosono et al.

Summary: This article introduces the definition and research history of electrides, as well as their potential in chemical applications. It particularly emphasizes the application of electrides in catalysts for ammonia synthesis, and highlights their wide applicability in other chemical reactions.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dinitrogen complexation and reduction at low-valent calcium

B. Roesch et al.

Summary: The attempted preparation of low-valent Ca-I complexes in the form of LCa-CaL under dinitrogen atmosphere led to the isolation of LCa(N-2)CaL, which acts as a synthon for the target LCa-CaL.The N-2(2-) anion in this complex reacted as a potent two-electron donor and could be protonated to diazene. The role of Ca d orbitals in N-2 activation is also discussed.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Ternary ruthenium complex hydrides for ammonia synthesis via the associative mechanism

Qianru Wang et al.

Summary: The authors introduce ternary ruthenium complex hydrides of lithium and barium as alternative catalysts for ammonia production, which activate dinitrogen via a lower-energy path and exhibit superior kinetics under mild conditions.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The impact of alkali and alkaline earth metals on green ammonia synthesis

Qianru Wang et al.

Summary: Alkali and alkaline earth metals play crucial roles in di-nitrogen activation and ammonia synthesis. With the strong push toward green ammonia synthesis, they are now playing a more prominent role in mediating dinitrogen reduction.

CHEM (2021)

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Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Development and Recent Progress on Ammonia Synthesis Catalysts for Haber-Bosch Process

John Humphreys et al.

Summary: Ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and hydrogen is a crucial chemical process with the development of efficient catalysts being a key focus. New catalysts are being developed to improve efficiency and sustainability in ammonia production. The continued innovation in catalysts for the Haber-Bosch process is essential for the future of green ammonia production.

ADVANCED ENERGY AND SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Barium chromium nitride-hydride for ammonia synthesis

Yeqin Guan et al.

Summary: This study reveals a strategy to activate early transition metals for effective ammonia catalysis by forming nitride-hydride compounds. The catalyst shows high ammonia synthesis rate and low apparent activation energy under mild conditions. The active phase contains reactive hydrogen and nitrogen that are involved in ammonia formation.

CHEM CATALYSIS (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Physical