4.7 Review

In-situ/operando Raman techniques for in-depth understanding on electrocatalysis

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Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Design of Electrocatalysts for High-Current-Density Water Splitting

Yuting Luo et al.

Summary: The electrochemical water splitting technology is crucial for achieving global carbon neutrality. High-performance electrocatalysts that can operate at high current densities are essential for the industrial implementation of this technology. Recent advancements in this field have led to the development of various catalysts designed specifically for high current densities (> 200 mA cm(-2)). This article discusses these recent advances and summarizes the key factors that influence the catalytic performance in high current density electrocatalysis, including catalyst dimensionality, surface chemistry, electron transport path, morphology, and catalyst-electrolyte interaction. It highlights the importance of a multiscale design strategy that considers these factors comprehensively for developing high current density electrocatalysts. The article also provides insights into the future directions of this emerging field.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Progress in Mo/W-based electrocatalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions

Libin Zeng et al.

Summary: This review presents the latest progress of molybdenum/tungsten-based electrocatalysts for the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction. The fundamental roles of morphology, doping, defects, heterojunction, and coupling regulation in improving electrocatalytic performance are discussed, and some strategies for enhancing the conversion efficiency of N-2 to NH3 over Mo/W-based electrocatalysts are summarized.

CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Operando capturing of surface self-reconstruction of Ni3S2/FeNi2S4 hybrid nanosheet array for overall water splitting

Yanyan Wu et al.

Summary: A self-supported Ni3S2/FeNi2S4 nanosheets material has been developed with dynamically structural reconstruction during electrolysis to determine the active species for OER and HER in water splitting, providing new perspectives for the rational design of bifunctional materials in energy devices.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Plasmonic Core-Shell Nanostructures Enhanced Spectroscopies

Jun Zhou et al.

Summary: This article summarizes the applications of core-shell nanostructures in enhanced spectroscopies, along with potential challenges and perspectives in this field.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bi2O3/BiO2 Nanoheterojunction for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate

Xuezhen Feng et al.

Summary: Heterostructure engineering plays a vital role in regulating the material interface, thus boosting the electron transportation pathway in advanced catalysis. This study synthesized a novel Bi2O3/BiO2 heterojunction catalyst and observed rich structural dynamics. The heterojunction catalyst exhibited high selectivity and performance in the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction.

NANO LETTERS (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Electrode reconstruction strategy for oxygen evolution reaction: maintaining Fe-CoOOH phase with intermediate-spin state during electrolysis

Woong Hee Lee et al.

Summary: The phase and spin state of Co-based catalysts significantly impact the catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction. This study demonstrates a simple reconstruction strategy to fabricate electrodes with specific phase and spin state, which is proven to be effective through computational calculations and experimental studies.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Interfacial Electrolyte Effects on Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Bangwei Deng et al.

Summary: This review focuses on discussing the role and effects of electrolytes on CO2RR, including their compositions and local chemical environment. In-depth investigations on the detection of intermediates during the catalytic reactions are also included. The fundamental understanding of interfacial electrolyte effects is emphasized for maximizing and balancing the catalytic performance of CO2RR.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Remarkable synergistic effect in cobalt-iron nitride/alloy nanosheets for robust electrochemical water splitting

Mingpeng Chen et al.

Summary: A novel three-step strategy is reported to construct cobalt-iron nitride/alloy nanosheets on nickel foam as a bifunctional catalyst for efficient electrochemical water splitting. The optimized composition of the catalyst can achieve ultra-low overpotentials for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, boosting overall water splitting with stable performance.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In situ surface reconstruction of a Ni-based perovskite hydroxide catalyst for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction

Yegui Fang et al.

Summary: Surface reconstruction through anodic polarization enhances the catalytic activity of NiSn(OH)(6) for the oxygen evolution reaction, leading to a significant performance improvement. Theoretical calculations show that Sn vacancies on the surface optimize the electronic structure of Ni sites, promoting the adsorption of reaction intermediates.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Anodized Steel: The Most Promising Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolysis in Industry

Pengfei Zhou et al.

Summary: It is reported that large-scale 3D printed martensitic steel can be a highly efficient electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, resulting in increased green-hydrogen production. This discovery has the potential to contribute to strategic energy management and provide solutions to the energy crisis and environmental pollution.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Synergic Reaction Kinetics over Adjacent Ruthenium Sites for Superb Hydrogen Generation in Alkaline Media

Qun He et al.

Summary: This study investigates the performance of ruthenium-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. The results show that the well-dispersed ruthenium nanoparticles with adjacent ruthenium single atoms (Ru-1,Ru-n-NC) exhibit ultra-low overpotential and high turnover frequency, outperforming commercial platinum catalysts. The analyses reveal that the ruthenium nanoparticles and single sites can promote electron transfer and accelerate water dissociation and hydrogen desorption, leading to optimized reaction kinetics for superb hydrogen generation in alkaline media.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

PdFe Single-Atom Alloy Metallene for N2 Electroreduction

Xingchuan Li et al.

Summary: In this study, PdFe1 single-atom alloy is developed as an effective electrocatalyst for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Mechanistic investigations reveal that Pd-coordinated Fe single atoms serve as active centers, enabling efficient N-2 activation and exhibiting high selectivity and stability for the NRR.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Dynamic dissolution and re-adsorption of molybdate ion in iron incorporated nickel-molybdenum oxyhydroxide for promoting oxygen evolution reaction

Hanxiao Liao et al.

Summary: This study investigates the effect of escaped inactive ion from pre-catalysts on the performance of alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The results show that the escaped ion promotes the reconstruction of the catalyst and enhances the OER activity. This finding enriches our understanding of the inactive-ion effect on alkaline OER and provides a pathway for developing efficient electrocatalysts.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In situ unraveling surface reconstruction of Ni5P4@FeP nanosheet array for superior alkaline oxygen evolution reaction

Ying Li et al.

Summary: This study investigates the surface evolution and alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of hybrid Ni5P4@FeP nanosheet arrays as OER pre-catalysts. The results show that Ni5P4@FeP rapidly transforms into NiFe2O4 during the anodic scan and partially reverts to Ni/FeOOH at high oxidation potentials. The formed Ni/FeOOH@NiFe2O4 hybrid exhibits excellent alkaline OER performance with high structural reversibility.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Industrial-Current-Density CO2-to-C2+ Electroreduction by Anti-swelling Anion-Exchange Ionomer-Modified Oxide-Derived Cu Nanosheets

Yuan Zhao et al.

Summary: The study utilized an anti-swelling anion exchange ionomer (AEI) to optimize the local environment for CO2 electroreduction to C2+ products, achieving higher C2+ selectivity. In situ measurements showed that the anti-swelling backbone and N(CH3)(3)(+) groups synergistically regulated the local pH level and water content, leading to enhanced C2+ production. The anti-swelling AEI-modified catalyst demonstrated improved Faradaic efficiency and power conversion efficiency compared to most reported powder catalysts.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Electrochemical CO2 reduction to ethylene by ultrathin CuO nanoplate arrays

Wei Liu et al.

Summary: In this study, a facile and scalable anodic corrosion method was used to synthesize oxygen-rich CuO nanoplate arrays. The self-evolution process led to the formation of stable Cu/Cu2O heterogeneous interfaces, which significantly improved the C2H4 production and stability in CO2 electroreduction.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Operando Identification of Active Species and Intermediates on Sulfide Interfaced by Fe3O4 for Ultrastable Alkaline Oxygen Evolution at Large Current Density

Qianqian Ji et al.

Summary: This study reports a synergistic hybrid catalyst composed of nanoscale heterostructures of Co9S8 and Fe3O4, which exhibits only a low potential of 350 mV and record stability of 120 h at the 500 mA cm-2 in 1.0 M KOH. The reconstructions of Co9S8@Fe3O4 into CoOOH/CoOx@Fe3O4 and then to complete CoOOH@Fe3O4 are revealed through voltage-dependent soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and Operando Raman spectroscopy. The completely reconstructed CoOOH acts as the active species and Fe3O4 components prevent the aggregation of CoOOH.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Self-Reconstructed Bifunctional Electrocatalyst of Pseudo-Amorphous Nickel Carbide @ Iron Oxide Network for Seawater Splitting

Hao Zhang et al.

Summary: A NiFe-PBA-gel-cal composite material with a 2D network structure prepared by a sol-gel method exhibits high activity and stability as both anode and cathode catalyst for overall water splitting. Spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations reveal the in situ generation of NiOOH2-x active species from NiCx during water oxidation and the role of high valence states of Ni in oxygen evolution reaction.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Toward enhanced oxygen evolution on NaBH4 treated Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-d nanofilm: Insights into the facilitated surface reconstruction

Xinyu Du et al.

Summary: In this study, a nanofilm of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-delta deposited on nickel foam was successfully fabricated using pulsed laser deposition. Real-time surface changes were observed by in situ Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, a surface reductive strategy was applied to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. The correlation between surface electron structure and catalytic activity was established and discussed.

MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

In situ spectroelectrochemical probing of CO redox landscape on copper single-crystal surfaces

Feng Shao et al.

Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of CO reduction reaction on Cu single-crystal surfaces using in situ spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations. The intermediate species and Cu-O-ad/Cu-OHad species during CO adsorption, dimerization, oxidation, and hydrogenation were identified. The accurate vibrational frequencies of these intermediates were determined using AIMD simulations. These findings provide important insights into the CO(2)RR process and offer a spectroscopic tool for future mechanistic studies.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Probing the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intermediates and Dynamic Active Site Structures of Molecular and Pyrolyzed Fe-N-C Electrocatalysts by In Situ Raman Spectroscopy

Jie Wei et al.

Summary: This study reveals the identification of ORR intermediates and RDSs at different active sites through Raman spectroscopy of FeN4 active sites, and the dynamic structural changes of FeN4 during ORR catalysis. It also confirms the role of two types of C-N sites in pyrolyzed Fe-N-C catalysts, showing different ORR intermediates and RDSs.

ACS CATALYSIS (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

In-situ generation of Ni-CoOOH through deep reconstruction for durable alkaline water electrolysis

Mingpeng Chen et al.

Summary: This study reveals the mechanism for the formation of the surface-reconstruction-induced layer on transition metal-based catalysts and its role in the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The anodization process improves the OER activity of the NiCobased hybrid catalyst and generates Ni-CoOOH nanosheets array with promising surface wettability, where the high-valence Co acts as the active site for efficient oxygen evolution.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reversible hydrogen spillover in Ru-WO3-x enhances hydrogen evolution activity in neutral pH water splitting

Jiadong Chen et al.

Summary: In this study, the integration of Ru nanoparticles on oxygen-deficient WO3-x was found to greatly enhance the activity of hydrogen evolution reaction. Oxygen-deficient WO3-x has a large capacity for storing protons, which increases the hydrogen coverage on the surface of Ru nanoparticles.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Towards time resolved characterization of electrochemical reactions: electrochemically-induced Raman spectroscopy

Luca D'Amario et al.

Summary: This study describes a transient spectro-electrochemical Raman setup that achieves sub-ms time resolution, allowing for the study of electrochemical processes. The technique was validated through experiments and confirmed to be effective in assigning spectral properties to transient species. This research provides a foundational contribution to the development of next generation electrolizers, fuel cells, and batteries.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In situ mass analysis of surface reactions using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy covering a wide range of frequencies

Toshiki Kondo et al.

Summary: Researchers have utilized surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to observe heterogeneous electrochemical and photoelectrochemical reactions occurring at a metal surface. This technique covers a broad frequency range of 10-1800 cm(-1), including both intramolecular skeletal vibrations and extramolecular surface-adsorbate vibrations. The frequency-extended SERS provides more comprehensive analytical information about surface reactions, serving as a better alternative to conventional SERS spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hollow NiSe Nanocrystals Heterogenized with Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Electrocatalytic Methanol Upgrading to Boost Hydrogen Co-Production

Bin Zhao et al.

Summary: In this study, a highly active electrocatalyst h-NiSe/CNTs was successfully fabricated to efficiently catalyze methanol to value-added formate at high and steady current density. The catalyst shows high selectivity and long-term stability, replacing sluggish OER performance and reducing energy consumption for H-2 generation by six times.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Development of Electrocatalysts for Efficient Nitrogen Reduction Reaction under Ambient Condition

Dong Liu et al.

Summary: Efficient electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia. This review systematically summarizes recent developments in novel electrocatalysts and discusses various strategies to enhance catalytic performance.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dynamic Restructuring of Cu-Doped SnS2 Nanoflowers for Highly Selective Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Formate

Mengxin Chen et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that Cu-doped SnS2 nanoflowers can undergo in situ dynamic restructuring to generate catalytically active S-doped Cu/Sn alloy, enabling highly selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate over a wide potential window. Theoretical thermodynamic analysis reveals that the optimal electronic structure of the Sn active site can be regulated by S-doping and Cu-alloying, promoting formate formation while suppressing CO and H-2 pathways. These findings provide a rational strategy for electronic modulation of metal active sites to design active and selective electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unveiling the In Situ Dissolution and Polymerization of Mo in Ni4Mo Alloy for Promoting the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Wei Du et al.

Summary: It has been found that the Mo element in Ni4Mo alloy exhibits instability in alkaline water electrolyzer, enhancing the hydrogen evolution activity of metal Ni. Theoretical calculations and experimental results have shown that adding MoO42- to the electrolyte can repair the durability of the alloy and enhance the activity of cathodic materials.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Experimental and theoretical investigation of reconstruction and active phases on honeycombed Ni3N-Co3N/C in water splitting

Chao Huang et al.

Summary: Decorated with carbon speckles, the honeycombed Ni3N-Co3N catalyst shows excellent performance in both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), with low overpotentials, small Tafel slopes, and high stability. A water-splitting cell composed of this bifunctional catalyst can be driven by a standard 1.5 V battery, demonstrating its commercial practicality. Experimental and theoretical results provide insights into the active sites, conductivity, roles of Ni3N, Co3N, and C, as well as the reaction mechanism in HER and OER.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

In Situ Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Electrocatalysis with Different Nanostructures

Bao-Ying Wen et al.

Summary: As energy demands increase, electrocatalysis serves as a vital tool in energy conversion. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective method for elucidating electrocatalytic mechanisms and preparing high-efficiency electrocatalysts. Researchers have employed different nanostructures to improve material and morphological universalities in the development of SERS technologies.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 72 (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Molecular Insight of the Critical Role of Ni in Pt-Based Nanocatalysts for Improving the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Probed Using an In Situ SERS Borrowing Strategy

Huajie Ze et al.

Summary: PtNi alloy catalysts have excellent catalytic activity, with Ni-doping improving performance, but there is no direct spectral evidence detecting the effect of Ni on the ORR. By using a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) borrowing strategy, the interaction between Ni and *OOH in PtNi catalysts can be studied, showing that Ni can optimize the surface binding of *OOH on Pt for more efficient electron transfer during the ORR.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Fluorination-enabled Reconstruction of NiFe Electrocatalysts for Efficient Water Oxidation

Qiucheng Xu et al.

Summary: By employing an electrochemistry-driven F-enabled surface-reconstruction strategy, ultrathin NiFeOxFy nanosheets were converted into an Fe-enriched Ni(Fe)OxHy phase, showing low OER overpotential and Tafel slope, making it one of the best-performing NiFe-based OER electrocatalysts currently available.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon-Supported Single-Atom Catalysts for Formic Acid Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Ali Han et al.

Summary: Recent research activities have focused on single-atom catalysts to enhance the catalytic performance of fuel cells as an alternative to platinum group metals, showing potential for higher efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Article Chemistry, Physical

Potential Dependence of the Local pH in a CO2 Reduction Electrolyzer

Danielle A. Henckel et al.

Summary: The study found that the local pH of a gas diffusion electrode undergoing CO2 reduction is significantly lower than the bulk electrolyte pH, showing dependence on applied potential. The decrease in pH is attributed to the formation of malachite from soluble Cu(II) species on the initially oxidized electrode surface.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Operando Methods in Electrocatalysis

Yao Yang et al.

Summary: Electrocatalysis is crucial for advancing renewable energy technologies, and understanding the structure and reaction mechanisms of electrocatalysts at electrode-electrolyte interfaces is fundamental. In situ and operando techniques, such as operando synchrotron-based X-ray techniques and in situ atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy, provide valuable insights into the interfacial structural and compositional changes under reaction conditions, aiding in the study of charge transfer kinetics and reaction mechanisms. The continuous development of these techniques will contribute significantly to establishing structure/composition-reactivity correlations of electrocatalysts at unprecedented atomic-scale and molecular levels under realistic, real-time reaction conditions.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Heteroatom-Doping of Non-Noble Metal-Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution: An Electronic Structure Tuning Strategy

Jing Wang et al.

Summary: Electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is hindered by slow reaction kinetics and high-cost catalysts. Developing low-cost non-noble metal-based catalysts, particularly through heteroatom-doping to tune electronic structures, is crucial. Establishing a correlation between localized electronic structures and catalytic properties is key for advancing low-cost catalyst development.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Stable and Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution from Seawater Enabled by an Unsaturated Nickel Surface Nitride

Huanyu Jin et al.

Summary: A novel unsaturated nickel surface nitride catalyst has been developed for efficient and stable hydrogen electrocatalytic production in alkaline seawater. The catalyst shows lower overpotential compared to traditional metal nitrides and can effectively generate hydronium ions in high-pH electrolyte.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Honeycomb Carbon Nanofibers: A Superhydrophilic O2-Entrapping Electrocatalyst Enables Ultrahigh Mass Activity for the Two-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Kai Dong et al.

Summary: This study introduces a superhydrophilic O-2-entrapping electrocatalyst for efficient two-electron oxygen reduction, achieving high H2O2 selectivity and ultrahigh mass activity. The catalytic mechanism is further elucidated through in situ Raman analysis and density functional theory calculations.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

In situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the structure and dissociation of interfacial water

Yao-Hui Wang et al.

Summary: Interfacial water consists of hydrogen-bonded water and Na center dot H2O, its structure changes at hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) potentials, and when structurally ordered it aids interfacial electron transfer, resulting in higher HER rates.

NATURE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Emergence of Potential-Controlled Cu-Nanocuboids and Graphene-Covered Cu-Nanocuboids under Operando CO2 Electroreduction

Thanh Hai Phan et al.

Summary: Research has shown that Cu surfaces can reconstruct into Cu nanocuboids during the electroreduction of CO2, with the size of these structures being controllable by the applied potential and synthesis time. This finding presents a novel strategy for enhancing the long-term stability of Cu-based catalysts.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Operando unraveling photothermal-promoted dynamic active-sites generation in NiFe2O4 for markedly enhanced oxygen evolution

Likun Gao et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the utilization of spinel nanoparticles for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction activity through photothermal effect, providing a promising platform for future advances in electrocatalysis. Operando Raman and DFT studies confirm the surface reconstruction into electrocatalytically active sites, reducing the kinetics barrier and allowing for lower overpotentials.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A-Site Management Prompts the Dynamic Reconstructed Active Phase of Perovskite Oxide OER Catalysts

Yu Sun et al.

Summary: Perovskite oxides, with a refined A-site management strategy, can enhance OER performance through promoting the surface reconstruction of the active phase. The A-site Ce doping in particular shows a strong correlation with the dynamic structure-activity relationship during OER, providing insights for accurate design of high-efficiency perovskite OER electrocatalysts.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Sub-Second Time-Resolved Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Reveals Dynamic CO Intermediates during Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Copper

Hongyu An et al.

Summary: The study successfully monitored the process of carbon dioxide reduction to hydrocarbons using time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, and found that anodic treatment and surface oxide reduction of the copper electrode can improve CO2RR efficiency and time resolution.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reversed Charge Transfer and Enhanced Hydrogen Spillover in Platinum Nanoclusters Anchored on Titanium Oxide with Rich Oxygen Vacancies Boost Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Zhen-Wei Wei et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that Pt nanoclusters supported on porous TiO2 nanosheets with rich oxygen vacancies exhibit significantly higher catalytic activity for the HER compared to those supported on TiO2 with deficient oxygen vacancies. This is attributed to the ability of the TiO2 support with rich oxygen vacancies to facilitate reversed charge transfer and enhanced hydrogen spillover, promoting proton reduction and hydrogen desorption at Pt catalytic sites. This work provides a new strategy for the rational design of highly efficient HER catalysts.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Electrochemically induced in-situ surface self-reconstruction on Ni, Fe, Zn ternary-metal hydroxides towards the oxygen-evolution performance

Tian Meng et al.

Summary: The study investigates the in-situ self-reconstruction process of ternary metal hydroxides, revealing significant morphology transformation and electronic structure change. The NFZ-TH derived materials show superior OER performance and stability after undergoing self-reconstruction, with nano-pitted surface improving electrochemical surface area and inducing defect-/corner-sited Fe. Density functional theory calculations suggest high activity of defect-/corner-sited Fe and Ni at next-nearest-neighbour defect-site.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Short-Range Ordered Iridium Single Atoms Integrated into Cobalt Oxide Spinel Structure for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation

Jieqiong Shan et al.

Summary: This study proposes a method to integrate noble metal atoms into the lattice of transition metal oxides to create a new type of hybrid structure, showing that iridium single atoms can be effectively accommodated into cobalt spinel oxide. The resultant catalyst exhibits significantly higher electrocatalytic activity under acidic conditions, with improved corrosion resistance and oxidative potentials. This work eliminates the close-packing limitation of noble metals and offers promising opportunities for creating analogues with desired topologies for various catalytic applications.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Deciphering of advantageous electrocatalytic water oxidation behavior of metal-organic framework in alkaline media

Ming Liu et al.

Summary: This study proposes for the first time that the steric hindrance effect of Nafion can induce enhanced catalytic activity of carboxylic acid-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), forming more active sites by weakening the alkaline hydrolysis process. The use of Nafion optimizes the electronic structure of MOFs, leading to improved catalytic activity.

NANO RESEARCH (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Proton-filtering covalent organic frameworks with superior nitrogen penetration flux promote ambient ammonia synthesis

Sisi Liu et al.

Summary: By controlling the diffusion of reactants and using proton-filtering covalent organic frameworks, a highly selective and active nitrogen reduction was achieved in electrochemical ammonia synthesis. This strategy optimizes mass transfer and provides guidelines for practical green ammonia production.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Ti2O3 Nanoparticles with Ti3+ Sites toward Efficient NH3 Electrosynthesis under Ambient Conditions

Haijun Chen et al.

Summary: Introducing Ti2O3 nanoparticles as a pure Ti3+ system has shown efficient catalytic performance in NH3 electrosynthesis under ambient conditions, with significantly increased NRR activity. The stable NH3 yield and high Faradaic efficiency of Ti2O3 in acidic electrolyte surpass most titanium-based NRR catalysts reported recently, demonstrating the enhanced electrocatalytic activity originating from Ti3+ active sites.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Roadmap and Direction toward High-Performance MoS2 Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts

Yang Cao

Summary: MoS2 shows Pt-like hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance through strategies such as phase engineering, S vacancy, heterojunctions, and dopants. By utilizing these approaches, MoS2 has the potential to become a highly efficient HER catalyst comparable to Pt.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

From NiMoO4 to γ-NiOOH: Detecting the Active Catalyst Phase by Time Resolved in Situ and Operando Raman Spectroscopy

Robin N. Durr et al.

Summary: This study investigates NiMoO4 as a catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction, showing its phase transformation under applied bias and the leaching of molybdenum from the catalyst. Molybdenum leaching increases the number of active sites on the catalyst, leading to higher current densities. Different NiMoO4 nanostructures influence the stability of the catalyst in alkaline media.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ligand and Anion Co-Leaching Induced Complete Reconstruction of Polyoxomolybdate-Organic Complex Oxygen-Evolving Pre-Catalysts

Xiong Liu et al.

Summary: A new-type polyoxomolybdate-organic complex (POMo) was synthesized via wet-chemistry to create a series of Fe-doped Ni-POMo catalysts with porous and amorphous structures, showing excellent activity and stability under alkaline OER conditions. The complete reconstruction of POMo enables high catalytic durability and stable active phase, making it a promising candidate for industrial applications.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Oxidation State Modulation of Bismuth for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Yuchi Wan et al.

Summary: This study reports an efficient NRR electrocatalyst by rational design of Bi nanoparticles and optimization of oxidation state, achieving efficient ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions. By modulating the oxidation state of Bi, the p-filling of active sites and adsorption of *NNH were enhanced, facilitating the electrocatalytic NRR.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Comprehensive Understanding of the Thriving Ambient Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

Xue Zhao et al.

Summary: The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction, which produces ammonia, is environmentally friendly and suitable for rural economy, but faces challenges in catalysts and quantitative determination.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

MnO2 Electrocatalysts Coordinating Alcohol Oxidation for Ultra-Durable Hydrogen and Chemical Productions in Acidic Solutions

Yan Li et al.

Summary: Manganese oxide demonstrates excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen production performance under acidic conditions, especially showing high stability and efficiency in glycerol solution.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Evidence of Key Intermediate Species and Role of NiFe Dual-Catalytic Center in Water Oxidation

Cejun Hu et al.

Summary: In this study, label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the oxygen evolution reaction process on Ni3FeOx nanoparticles, revealing that Fe atoms are responsible for the initial OH- to O-O- oxidation, and the O-O- species undergo further oxidation between neighboring Fe and Ni sites.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Identification of M-NH2-NH2 Intermediate and Rate Determining Step for Nitrogen Reduction with Bioinspired Sulfur-Bonded FeW Catalyst

Yilong Zhao et al.

Summary: Inspired by biological nitrogenases, a bimetallic sulfide material was synthesized as an efficient N-2 reduction catalyst, with a high NH3 production rate and demonstrated reaction mechanism.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The Controllable Reconstruction of Bi-MOFs for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction through Electrolyte and Potential Mediation

Dazhi Yao et al.

Summary: This study investigates the reconstruction of a Bi-based metal-organic framework for electrochemical CO2 reduction, demonstrating that controlling the intricate reconstruction process results in excellent activity and stability of the Bi catalyst, shedding light on the design of highly efficient electrocatalysts.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

(NixFeyCo6-x-y)Mo6C cuboids as outstanding bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting

Liang-Guo He et al.

Summary: A bifunctional multi-component electrocatalyst, (NixFeyCo6-x-y)Mo6C, developed based on volcano plots of suitable descriptors, shows outstanding electrocatalytic performance in electrolysis of water, including hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions. It exhibits low voltages and high stability in overall water splitting.

APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL (2021)

Review Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear

In situ/operando vibrational spectroscopy for the investigation of advanced nanostructured electrocatalysts

Zhenzhu Xu et al.

Summary: Electrochemical energy conversion through electrocatalysis offers promising solutions to global energy crisis and environmental issues. Understanding the mechanism and structure-activity relationship of key electrocatalytic processes is crucial for designing efficient electrocatalysts. Vibrational spectroscopic methods, such as Raman and FTIR-based techniques, are powerful tools for monitoring surface transformations and reaction intermediates in electrocatalytic processes, attracting attention for future research in this field.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Synergistic metal-oxide interaction for efficient self-reconstruction of cobalt oxide as highly active water oxidation electrocatalyst

Taeoh Kang et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new type of heterostructure catalyst with excellent OER performance by hybridizing CoO nanowire arrays with tungsten nanoparticles on conductive carbon cloth. The electronic coupling effects at the W-CoO heterointerface promote the OER process, leading to the formation of oxyhydroxide species.

JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Spontaneously Sn-Doped Bi/BiOx Core-Shell Nanowires Toward High-Performance CO2 Electroreduction to Liquid Fuel

Yang Zhao et al.

Summary: Spontaneously Sn doped Bi/BiOx nanowires exhibit impressive formate selectivity and high current density, with the introduction of Sn atoms promoting *OCHO intermediate stabilization and suppressing competitive H-2/CO production. This work provides insights into promoting electrochemical CO2 conversion into formate for practical applications through effective in situ construction of metal/metal oxide hybrid composites with heteroatom doping.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Advanced Transition Metal-Based OER Electrocatalysts: Current Status, Opportunities, and Challenges

Kexin Zhang et al.

Summary: Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial in electrochemical applications like water splitting and rechargeable metal-air batteries, but its slow kinetics presents a performance bottleneck. Therefore, rational design of OER electrocatalysts based on understanding mechanisms and structure-activity relationship is essential. Study of reaction pathways, intermediates, and descriptors can lead to more efficient design of transition metal-based OER electrocatalysts.
Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Development of Perovskite Oxide-Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Dong Liu et al.

Summary: Perovskite oxides are studied as electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reactions due to their low cost, customizable structure, high stability, and good catalytic activity. Two main challenges for efficient OER performance are limited active sites and low electrical conductivity, which can be overcome by strategies such as composition engineering, crystal facet control, morphology modulation, defect engineering, and hybridization. The review comprehensively summarizes recent developments in enhancing catalytic activities of perovskite oxide-based electrocatalysts for practical applications in OER.
Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Boron Dopant Induced Electron-Rich Bismuth for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction with High Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency

Xin Chen et al.

Summary: By using a simple chemical reduction method, B-doped Bi electrodes were prepared in this work, achieving over 90% Faradaic efficiency for formate. Experimental results show that the B dopant facilitates the formation of electron-rich bismuth, promoting the formation of formate. Furthermore, coupling a full-cell electrolysis system with a photovoltaic device resulted in a high solar-to-formate conversion efficiency of 11.8%.
Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanoporous B13C2 towards Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation

Jiao Lan et al.

Summary: The study introduces a nanoporous boron carbide catalyst for electrochemical nitrogen fixation, demonstrating high catalytic activity and stability. Through strong coupling between B-C sites, the catalyst is able to lower the energy required for activating inert N-2 molecules, resulting in improved nitrogen fixation efficiency.
Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Modifying redox properties and local bonding of Co3O4 by CeO2 enhances oxygen evolution catalysis in acid

Jinzhen Huang et al.

Summary: Developing efficient and stable earth-abundant electrocatalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction is challenging. Here, the authors modify the local bonding environment of Co3O4 by CeO2 nanocrystallites to regulate the redox properties, thus enhance the catalytic activity.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Revealing the CO Coverage-Driven C-C Coupling Mechanism for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Cu2O Nanocubes via Operando Raman Spectroscopy

Chao Zhan et al.

Summary: This study used operando Raman spectroscopy to investigate the potential-dependent reduction process of Cu2O nanocubes, revealing a correlation between CO coverage and the selectivity for multicarbon products. The research provides a theoretical basis for the high selectivity generation of multicarbon products.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Operando Surface Studies on Metal-Oxide Interfaces of Bimetal and Mixed Catalysts

Jeongjin Kim et al.

Summary: The strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) phenomenon at metal-oxide interfaces plays a crucial role in enhancing catalytic performance, although the mechanistic explanation of SMSI remains a long-standing issue. Through operando characterization tools, active sites at metal-oxide interfaces can be identified under working conditions, providing mechanistic insights into the geometric and electronic functions during catalytic reactions.

ACS CATALYSIS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

NiMoO4@Co3O4 Core-Shell Nanorods: In Situ Catalyst Reconstruction toward High Efficiency Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Getachew Solomon et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of a core-shell structure catalyst for optimizing the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction in water splitting, improving catalytic activity and conductivity. This research offers a more effective choice for practical applications of water splitting.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Isolation of Metalloid Boron Atoms in Intermetallic Carbide Boosts the Catalytic Selectivity for Electrocatalytic N2 Fixation

Yankun Wen et al.

Summary: A novel electrocatalyst for electrochemical N-2 reduction reaction (eNRR) was designed, utilizing isolated single-B sites in intermetallic carbide to trigger charge density redistribution for high-efficiency and selectivity of eNRR. The catalyst exhibited excellent Faradaic efficiency and NH3 yield, with in situ Raman spectra confirming the eNRR pathway.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Absence of CO2 electroreduction on copper, gold and silver electrodes without metal cations in solution

Mariana C. O. Monteiro et al.

Summary: The study found that metal cations play a crucial role in stabilizing the CO2 intermediate during the reduction process on gold electrodes. Density functional theory simulations confirmed that partially desolvated metal cations enable the reduction by stabilizing the CO2- intermediate through short-range electrostatic interactions. In conclusion, the positively charged species from the electrolyte are key to stabilizing the crucial reaction intermediate.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

In Situ Analytical Techniques for the Investigation of Material Stability and Interface Dynamics in Electrocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Applications

Sahar Pishgar et al.

Summary: Electrocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry are crucial to technologies like fuel cells, electrolysis, and solar fuels. Material stability and interfacial phenomena play a central role in the performance and long-term viability of these technologies. In situ electrochemical characterization techniques allow researchers to observe dynamic phenomena in liquid environments, providing insights into material stability and interfacial properties in operational conditions.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

In Situ Characterization for Boosting Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Xueying Cao et al.

Summary: The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into organic fuels and feedstocks is essential for implementing the sustainable carbon cycle. Rational design of advanced electrocatalysts and a deep understanding of reaction mechanisms are crucial for complex reactions. In situ and operando techniques with real-time monitoring provide insight into the dynamic evolution of electrocatalysts' structures.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dynamics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes at Operando Conditions

Xiangcheng Shi et al.

Summary: The importance of experimental characterization and operando modeling in the design of catalysts is described, as well as the gap between operando modeling and current computational models, proposing multiscale computational modeling methods to achieve operando modeling.

JACS AU (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The Restructuring-Induced CoOx Catalyst for Electrochemical Water Splitting

Maoyu Wang et al.

Summary: Recent studies have shown that transition metal sulfide catalysts can restructure into oxide clusters during catalytic reactions, promoting high activity. In the case of Co9S8 catalyst, it ultimately transforms into CoOx clusters with six oxygen-coordinated Co octahedra as the true catalytic center. Multi-model operando characterizations help to uncover the true structure-property relationship in in situ generated catalysts, providing insights for designing efficient electrocatalysts based on transition metals that undergo similar restructuring in reactions like the oxygen evolution reaction.

JACS AU (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In situ ion-exchange preparation and topological transformation of trimetal-organic frameworks for efficient electrocatalytic water oxidation

Kaihang Yue et al.

Summary: The study presents a highly active two-dimensional trimetal-organic framework (NiCoFe-NDA) as a referential electrocatalyst for water oxidation, demonstrating excellent stability and low overpotential at high current density. An AEMWE system using NiCoFe-NDA catalyst exhibits high efficiency and stability.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Electrocatalytic Reactions for Converting CO2 to Value-Added Products

Yueli Quan et al.

Summary: This article discusses the recent progress in converting CO2 into valuable chemical products, focusing on direct electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions and coupled reactions. Despite challenges in CO2RR, there are vast potential prospects for further development in this field.

SMALL SCIENCE (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Doping regulation in transition metal compounds for electrocatalysis

An Zhang et al.

Summary: Doping regulation is considered as an effective method to modulate the active sites of catalysts in electrocatalysis, especially in two-dimensional transition-metal compounds (TMCs) to optimize their electrocatalytic performance. This systematic overview highlights the impact of doping regulation on physicochemical properties of catalysts and their applications in various reactions, while also addressing the existing challenges and future perspectives in this promising field.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent advances in activating surface reconstruction for the high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction

Likun Gao et al.

Summary: Recent advancements in the development of cost-effective and high-efficiency transition metal-based electrocatalysts have led to a better understanding of the dynamic reconstruction of surface structures during electrocatalytic water oxidation, especially the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Through operando and in situ techniques, it has been found that electrocatalysts undergo surface reconstruction to form actual active species during OER in alkaline solution. By exploring issues such as initiators for surface reconstruction and establishing relationships between structure, composition, and electrocatalytic activity, progress has been made in the rational manipulation of in situ catalyst surface reconstruction for the development of high-efficiency electrocatalysts.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Regulation of Perovskite Surface Stability on the Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Jia-Wei Zhao et al.

Summary: Perovskites have attracted attention for their high OER performance and low cost in electrocatalytic water splitting. Surface stability of perovskite is closely related to its chemical component and can be improved through surface engineering, which in turn enhances OER performance. A new descriptor (stability level) is proposed to optimize OER catalytic performance by tuning the surface structure of perovskite.

ACS MATERIALS LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Deeply reconstructed hierarchical and defective NiOOH/FeOOH nanoboxes with accelerated kinetics for the oxygen evolution reaction

Ping Yan et al.

Summary: Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have been reported as efficient pre-catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. In this study, hollow nanostructured Ni5P2/FeP4 nanoboxes (NiFeP NBs) were designed and synthesized as pre-catalysts, which deeply reconstructed into low-crystalline and ultrathin NiOOH/FeOOH nanosheet assembled nanoboxes (NiOOH/FeOOH NBs) during the OER process, exhibiting superior OER activity and excellent stability.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Atomically dispersed antimony on carbon nitride for the artificial photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide

Zhenyuan Teng et al.

Summary: Artificial photosynthesis is a promising strategy for producing environmentally friendly oxidants and clean fuels. A carbon nitride-supported antimony single atom photocatalyst has been developed for efficient synthesis of H2O2 under visible light irradiation.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Strategies to suppress hydrogen evolution for highly selective electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction: challenges and perspectives

Yongwen Ren et al.

Summary: The translation provides an overview of the current status and challenges of the electrocatalytic N-2 reduction reaction (NRR) for ammonia synthesis, focusing on strategies for inhibiting the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to achieve high NRR selectivity. The article also discusses strategies for suppressing H-2 evolution based on NRR mechanisms, kinetics, thermodynamics, and electrocatalyst design.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Synergistic carbon and hydrogen reactions in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to liquid fuels

Jinxian Feng et al.

Summary: This article discusses the prospects, challenges, and solutions of the electrochemical reduction reaction for converting CO2 to liquid fuels in aqueous conditions, emphasizing the critical importance of rational design of the composition and structure of electrocatalysts to improve reaction efficiency.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Highly efficient CO2 electrolysis within a wide operation window using octahedral tin oxide single crystals

Hai Liu et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that tuning octahedral tin oxide single crystals can improve formate selectivity and increase formate partial current density, while breaking the limitations of the scaling relationship on the surface of conventional SnO2 nanoparticles. On the surface of SnO2 (111), the catalytic activity is highest in seawater, achieving a maximum formate selectivity of 95%. Combining these catalysts with chlor-alkali electrolyzers can effectively convert CO2 into formate and produce Cl-2 simultaneously.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Transition metal nitrides for electrochemical energy applications

Hao Wang et al.

Summary: Researchers have shown that by designing nanostructured TMNs with tailored morphology, it is possible to address issues such as limited active sites and sluggish ionic kinetics in bulk TMNs, ultimately improving electrochemical performance. Recent progress in TMN-based nanomaterials has focused on geometric-structure design, electronic-structure engineering, and applications in electrochemical energy conversion and storage.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

New advances in using Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of catalysts and catalytic reactions

Christian Hess

Summary: Raman spectroscopy is a powerful vibrational spectroscopic technique that has been widely used for the characterization of catalysts and catalytic reactions. It provides important information on catalyst structures, adsorbates, and reaction intermediates, offering key insights into studying working catalysts.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Operando spectroscopy of nanoscopic metal/covalent organic framework electrocatalysts

Nikolay Kornienko

Summary: Metal and covalent organic frameworks (MOFs and COFs) are showing great potential in electrocatalytic systems, with operando spectroscopy increasingly used to gain insights into their function and performance.

NANOSCALE (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reconstructed Water Oxidation Electrocatalysts: The Impact of Surface Dynamics on Intrinsic Activities

N. Clament Sagaya Selvam et al.

Summary: This review discusses recent progress on reconstructed OER electrocatalysts and future opportunities. Surface reconstruction engineering is highlighted as a tool to significantly improve catalytic performance. Emphasis is placed on understanding the correlation between surface dynamics and activities, with a prospect for clean future energy communities.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent progress in electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen: strategies to improve the catalytic activity and selectivity

Bing Yang et al.

Summary: The modern ammonia synthesis industry established by Haber-Bosch in 1913 has changed the history of food production but its reliance on fossil fuels brings significant energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Electrochemical ammonia synthesis, as a green and sustainable alternative, has the potential to reduce fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Self-Supported Transition-Metal-Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

Hongming Sun et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Judith Langer et al.

ACS NANO (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Elucidating the Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Reaction over a Model Single-Atom Nickel Catalyst

Song Liu et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Nanoporous Palladium Hydride for Electrocatalytic N2 Reduction under Ambient Conditions

Wence Xu et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Molybdenum Carbide-Oxide Heterostructures: In Situ Surface Reconfiguration toward Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Liuqing He et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Turning Water from a Hindrance to the Promotor of Preferential Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction

Charlynn Sher Lin Koh et al.

CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Direct In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Evidence of Oxygen Reduction Reaction Intermediates at High-Index Pt(hkl) Surfaces

Jin-Chao Dong et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Controlling Speciation during CO2 Reduction on Cu-Alloy Electrodes

Xinyi Chen et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Operando Nanoscale Sensors in Catalysis: All Eyes on Catalyst Particles

Thomas Hartman et al.

ACS NANO (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Spectroscopic Study of Electrochemical Nitrogen and Nitrate Reduction on Rhodium Surfaces

Yao Yao et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Au/Pb Interface Allows the Methane Formation Pathway in Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction

Ahmed Mohsen Ismail et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ag@MoS2 Core-Shell Heterostructure as SERS Platform to Reveal the Hydrogen Evolution Active Sites of Single-Layer MoS2

Junze Chen et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In Situ/Operando Studies for Designing Next-Generation Electrocatalysts

Yanping Zhu et al.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2020)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of Murdochite-Type Ni6MnO8 for Water Oxidation via Surface Reconstruction

Kai Zeng et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2020)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Aqueous metal-air batteries: Fundamentals and applications

Qianfeng Liu et al.

ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Reconstruction-Determined Alkaline Water Electrolysis at Industrial Temperatures

Xiong Liu et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Unveiling the Promotion of Surface-Adsorbed Chalcogenate on the Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Yanmei Shi et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Plasmon-Driven Chemistry in Ferri-/Ferrocyanide Gold Nanoparticle Oligomers: A SERS Study

Yue Qi et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrochemically Triggered Dynamics within a Hybrid Metal-Organic Electrocatalyst

Nina Heidary et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Dynamic Reoxidation/Reduction-Driven Atomic Interdiffusion for Highly Selective CO2 Reduction toward Methane

Chia-Jui Chang et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In Situ Observation of the pH Gradient near the Gas Diffusion Electrode of CO2 Reduction in Alkaline Electrolyte

Xu Lu et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In Situ Fragmented Bismuth Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction

Dazhi Yao et al.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2020)

Review Chemistry, Analytical

2D materials: Excellent substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in chemical sensing and biosensing

Mingpeng Chen et al.

TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Beyond Adsorption Descriptors in Hydrogen Electrocatalysis

Luis Rebollar et al.

ACS CATALYSIS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Shell isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy for renewable energy electrocatalysis

Kiran Kuruvinashetti et al.

NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY (2020)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Two-Dimensional Layered Materials: High-Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Qing Zhu et al.

ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Unique hollow Ni-Fe@MoS2 nanocubes with boosted electrocatalytic activity for N2 reduction to NH3

Libin Zeng et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A (2020)

Review Physics, Applied

Fundamental understanding and applications of plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Xiang Wang et al.

NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In Situ Nanoscale Redox Mapping Using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Gyeongwon Kang et al.

NANO LETTERS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tunable intrinsic strain in two-dimensional transition metal electrocatalysts

Lei Wang et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Oxygen Isotope Labeling Experiments Reveal Different Reaction Sites for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Nickel and Nickel Iron Oxides

Seunghwa Lee et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In situ probing electrified interfacial water structures at atomically flat surfaces

Chao-Yu Li et al.

NATURE MATERIALS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction on Ruthenium

Yao Yao et al.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Non-metal Single-Iodine-Atom Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Yongqiang Zhao et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Early Stages of Electrochemical Oxidation of Cu(111) and Polycrystalline Cu Surfaces Revealed by in Situ Raman Spectroscopy

Nataraju Bodappa et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2019)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Raman Techniques: Fundamentals and Frontiers

Robin R. Jones et al.

NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS (2019)

Editorial Material Chemistry, Physical

Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction: Identification and Elimination of Contamination in Electrolyte

Laiquan Li et al.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Scaled-up Synthesis of Amorphous NiFeMo Oxides and Their Rapid Surface Reconstruction for Superior Oxygen Evolution Catalysis

Yu Duan et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Identification of Key Reversible Intermediates in Self-Reconstructed Nickel-Based Hybrid Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution

Jianwen Huang et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Atomic Layer Deposition of ZnO on CuO Enables Selective and Efficient Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide to Liquid Fuels

Dan Ren et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Anomalous hydrogen evolution behavior in high-pH environment induced by locally generated hydronium ions

Xuesi Wang et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Lateral Adsorbate Interactions Inhibit HCOO- while Promoting CO Selectivity for CO2 Electrocatalysis on Silver

Divya Bohra et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Deep Reconstruction of Nickel-Based Precatalysts for Water Oxidation Catalysis

Xiong Liu et al.

ACS ENERGY LETTERS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The hydrogen evolution reaction: from material to interfacial descriptors

Nicolas Dubouis et al.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Spectroscopic Study on the Nitrogen Electrochemical Reduction Reaction on Gold and Platinum Surfaces

Yao Yao et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2018)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Cu-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of CO2

Huan Xie et al.

NANO TODAY (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Anion insertion enhanced electrodeposition of robust metal hydroxide/oxide electrodes for oxygen evolution

Zhenhua Yan et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2018)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): an adventure from plasmonic metals to organic semiconductors as SERS platforms

Gokhan Demirel et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2018)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Understanding heterogeneous electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction through operando techniques

Albertus D. Handoko et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2018)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Catalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia

Shelby L. Foster et al.

NATURE CATALYSIS (2018)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Probing the electronic and catalytic properties of a bimetallic surface with 3 nm resolution

Jin-Hui Zhong et al.

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tunable Cu Enrichment Enables Designer Syngas Electrosynthesis from CO2

Michael B. Ross et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2017)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Activating lattice oxygen redox reactions in metal oxides to catalyse oxygen evolution

Alexis Grimaud et al.

NATURE CHEMISTRY (2017)

Review Thermodynamics

Continuous-flow electroreduction of carbon dioxide

B. Endrodi et al.

PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE (2017)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Combining theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: Insights into materials design

Zhi Wei Seh et al.

SCIENCE (2017)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Strain-controlled electrocatalysis on multimetallic nanomaterials

Mingchuan Luo et al.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2017)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Spectroscopic Evidence of Size-Dependent Buffering of Interfacial pH by Cation Hydrolysis during CO2 Electroreduction

Onagie Ayemoba et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2017)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: Technique and Recent Advances

Prabhat Verma

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2017)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Facile Synthesis of Vanadium-Doped Ni3S2 Nanowire Arrays as Active Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Yuanju Qu et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2017)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrocatalysis for the oxygen evolution reaction: recent development and future perspectives

Nian-Tzu Suen et al.

CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS (2017)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Zhenglong Zhang et al.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2016)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Minhua Shao et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2016)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In Situ Spectroscopic Identification of μ-OO Bridging on Spinel Co3O4 Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst

Hsin-Yi Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2016)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Hydrolysis of Electrolyte Cations Enhances the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 over Ag and Cu

Meenesh R. Singh et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2016)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Anionic redox processes for electrochemical devices

A. Grimaud et al.

NATURE MATERIALS (2016)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The importance of nickel oxyhydroxide deprotonation on its activity towards electrochemical water oxidation

Oscar Diaz-Morales et al.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2016)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Water electrolysis on La1-xSrxCoO3-δ perovskite electrocatalysts

J. Tyler Mefford et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2016)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Insights into Electrochemical Reactions from Ambient Pressure Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Kelsey A. Stoerzinger et al.

ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Free-Standing Platinum Nanosheets and Their Electrocatalytic Properties

Manjeet Chhetri et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Operando Spectroscopic Analysis of an Amorphous Cobalt Sulfide Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst

Nikolay Kornienko et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Transient Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: A Millisecond Time-Resolved Study of an Electrochemical Redox Process

Cheng Zong et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Electrochemical Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Zhi-Cong Zeng et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Metal-Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

Nikolay Kornienko et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2015)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

In Situ Observation of Active Oxygen Species in Fe-Containing Ni-Based Oxygen Evolution Catalysts: The Effect of pH on Electrochemical Activity

Bartek J. Trzesniewski et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY (2015)

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