Customizing the structure and chemical composition of ultralight carbon foams for superior microwave absorption performance

Developing biomass-derived three-dimensional porous carbon materials (porous carbon foam, PCF) has become a common strategy to obtain lightweight and efficient electromagnetic microwave-absorbing materials. Without the introduction of a template and subsequent activation process, several ultra-lightweight honeycomb PCF samples were successfully prepared from dried ballonflower/yamakurage (DB) by simple calcination. In addi-tion, the calcination temperature plays a decisive role in regulating the pore size, composition and microwave absorption properties of PCF samples. Furthermore, it is worth noting that different cutting directions also influenced the hole size of the PCF sample and the microwave absorption performances. Under the combined effects of multiple reflections and scattering of PCF porous structure, dipole polarization of abundant hetero-geneous atoms and good conductive loss of carbon material, the vertical cutting sample PCF-900V exhibits optimal microwave absorption performances with the minimal reflection loss (RLmin) value of-46.95 dB at 1.46 mm thickness and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) value of 5.52 GHz at 1.72 mm matching thickness respectively, indicating its great potential for application as a promising lightweight and efficient microwave absorbing material.

Automated summary

Developing biomass-derived three-dimensional porous carbon materials (porous carbon foam, PCF) has become a common strategy to obtain lightweight and efficient electromagnetic microwave-absorbing materials. PCF samples were successfully prepared from dried ballonflower/yamakurage (DB) by simple calcination without templates and activation processes. The calcination temperature and cutting direction influenced the pore size, composition, and microwave absorption properties of PCF samples. The vertical cutting sample PCF-900V exhibited optimal microwave absorption performances with a minimal reflection loss value of -46.95 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth value of 5.52 GHz, indicating its great potential as a lightweight and efficient microwave absorbing material.