MicroRNA-122 in human cancers: from mechanistic to clinical perspectives

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short non-coding RNAs that can regulate the expression of target genes post-transcriptionally and interact with mRNA-coding genes. MiRNAs play vital roles in many biological functions, and abnormal miRNA expression has been linked to various illnesses, including cancer. Among the miRNAs, miR-122, miR-206, miR-21, miR-210, miR-223, and miR-424 have been extensively studied in various cancers. Although research in miRNAs has grown considerably over the last decade, much is yet to be discovered, especially regarding their role in cancer therapies. Several kinds of cancer have been linked to dysregulation and abnormal expression of miR-122, indicating that miR-122 may serve as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker for human cancer. Consequently, in this review literature, miR-122 has been analyzed in numerous cancer types to sort out the function of cancer cells miR-122 and enhance patient response to standard therapy.

Automated summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and interact with mRNA-coding genes. Abnormal miRNA expression has been linked to various diseases, including cancer. Several miRNAs, such as miR-122, miR-206, miR-21, miR-210, miR-223, and miR-424, have been extensively studied in different types of cancer. Despite significant progress in miRNA research, there is still much to discover, particularly in the context of cancer therapies. The dysregulation and abnormal expression of miR-122 have been associated with multiple types of cancer, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker. This review focuses on analyzing the role of miR-122 in various cancer types and its impact on patient response to standard therapy.