Intraspecific variations in leaf functional traits of Cunninghamia lanceolata provenances

BackgroundStudies on intra-specific variability in leaf functional traits is important to evaluate adaptation of the species to predicted climate change, and to develop long-term conservation strategy. The main objectives were to investigate the relationship between the functional traits leaves and C, N, P stoichiometry of Chinese fir from different geographical provenances and their relationship with the main environmental factors of provenance.ResultsIn this study, we measured 12 leaf functional traits on 36-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata trees from 13 provenances. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to examine the variability. Redundancy analysis (RA) was computed to examine the relationship between geo-climatic factors of provenance origin and leaf functional traits while Pearson's correlation coefficient was computed to assess inter-trait correlations. The results showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) in intraspecific leaf traits among provenances, except leaf P content. The relationships among leaf traits are consistent with the general trend observed in the leaf economic spectrum. Mean annual temperature appeared to be a key factor that influences intraspecific leaf traits variability compared to mean annual precipitation.ConclusionThese results provide useful insights about adaptation of leaf trait of Chinese fir in a changing climatic condition. Thus, our findings shed light on the importance of interspecific trait variability in Chinese fir and the potential effect of climate change.

Automated summary

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leaf functional traits and C, N, P stoichiometry of Chinese fir from different geographical provenances, as well as their relationship with the main environmental factors. The results showed significant differences in intraspecific leaf traits among provenances, and these differences were related to geographical origin and environmental factors. These findings are important for evaluating the species' adaptation to climate change and developing long-term conservation strategies.