期刊
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 23, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08162-7
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 serological testing; Smell disorders; Taste disorders; General population
This study investigated the association between taste or smell disorders and subject characteristics, symptom associations, and antibody response intensity in COVID-19 patients. The results showed that women, smokers, and people who consume more than 2 alcoholic drinks a day are more likely to develop taste or smell disorders. This symptom is strongly associated with antibody response and most patients also experience other symptoms.
BackgroundTaste or smell disorders have been reported as strongly associated with COVID-19 diagnosis. We aimed to identify subject characteristics, symptom associations, and antibody response intensity associated with taste or smell disorders.MethodsWe used data from SAPRIS, a study based on a consortium of five prospective cohorts gathering 279,478 participants in the French general population. In the analysis, we selected participants who were presumably infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the first epidemic wave.ResultsThe analysis included 3,439 patients with a positive ELISA-Spike. Sex (OR = 1.28 [95% CI 1.05-1.58] for women), smoking (OR = 1.54 [95% CI 1.13-2.07]), consumption of more than 2 drinks of alcohol a day (OR = 1.37 [95% CI 1.06-1.76]) were associated with a higher probability of taste or smell disorders. The relationship between age and taste or smell disorders was non-linear. Serological titers were associated with taste or smell disorders: OR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.26-1.36], OR = 1.37 [95% CI 1.33-1.42] and OR = 1.34 [95% CI 1.29-1.39] for ELISA-Spike, ELISA-Nucleocapsid and seroneutralization, respectively. Among participants with taste or smell disorders, 90% reported a wide variety of other symptoms whereas 10% reported no other symptom or only rhinorrhea.ConclusionsAmong patients with a positive ELISA-Spike test, women, smokers and people drinking more than 2 drinks a day were more likely to develop taste or smell disorders. This symptom was strongly associated with an antibody response. The overwhelming majority of patients with taste or smell disorders experienced a wide variety of symptoms.
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