The effect of individual stress on the signature verification system using muscle synergy

Biometric authentication systems, in terms of using the biometric characteristic, and because these indicators are resistant to the passage of time, and environmental, and physical changes of people, in most different situations from the environment or changes in emotional factors of person, perform identity verification with optimal accuracy. In the signature verification systems, people may experience stress caused by environmental or internal factors when registering a signature, this stress can affect the performance of the signature verification system in terms of accuracy and stability. We try to study the performance of a signature verification system based on a biometric characteristic (muscle synergy patterns) for people who are stressed while signing. For this purpose, electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from hand and arm muscles of people while signing. Then, using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) method to extracted muscle synergies from EMG signals after pre-processing. The extracted synergy patterns are classified into genuine and forgery classes by Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Furthermore, the confirmation of the authentication of stressed people was studied using this method. Finally, the results obtained were compared to the results obtained from the signature verification system for unstressed people and using K-means classifier method.

Automated summary

Biometric authentication systems can perform identity verification with optimal accuracy in various environments and emotional changes, while the performance of signature verification systems can be affected when people are under stress. This study examines the performance of a signature verification system based on muscle synergy patterns as biometric characteristics for stressed individuals. EMG signals from hand and arm muscles were recorded and muscle synergies were extracted using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization. The extracted patterns were classified using Support Vector Machine for authentication of stressed individuals.