Deciphering the change pattern of lipid metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae responding to low temperature

In fermentation, the yield of some lipid products is deeply affected by thermal variation. However, changes in lipid metabolism responding to low temperature are still poorly understood. In this work, transcriptome and lipidomic analysis were carried out to depict the changes of lipid metabolism at low and optimal temperature. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that ribosome biogenesis and carbon metabolism were the most enrich-ment pathways induced by the dropped temperature. The data revealed that yeast cells adjusted membrane fluidity by altering the contents of different lipid species (phospholipids, glycerides, sphingolipids and sterols) apart from adjusting the unsaturation level of the corresponding fatty acids. According to the transcriptome analysis of glucose-energy metabolism, Snf1 was considered as the core regulator of energy metabolism in yeast' adapting to low temperature. These findings improve our understanding of the carbon metabolism of Saccha-romyces cerevisiae under cold stress and provide valuable information for the production of high-value lipid products through metabolic engineering.

Automated summary

Fermentation processes are greatly influenced by thermal changes, particularly in the yield of lipid products; however, the changes in lipid metabolism in response to low temperatures are not well understood. This study utilized transcriptome and lipidomic analysis to investigate alterations in lipid metabolism under low and optimal temperatures. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ribosome biogenesis and carbon metabolism pathways were significantly induced by the drop in temperature. The data also indicated that yeast cells adjust membrane fluidity by modifying the content of different lipid species, rather than the unsaturation level of corresponding fatty acids. The core regulator of energy metabolism in yeast's adaptation to low temperature was identified as Snf1 through transcriptome analysis of glucose-energy metabolism. These findings enhance our understanding of carbon metabolism in Saccha-romyces cerevisiae under cold stress and provide valuable insights for the production of high-value lipid products through metabolic engineering.