Traffic Control: Subversion of Plant Membrane Trafficking by Pathogens

Membrane trafficking pathways play a prominent role in plant immunity. The endomembrane transport system coordinates membrane-bound cellular organelles to ensure that immunological components are utilized effectively during pathogen resistance. Adapted pathogens and pests have evolved to interfere with aspects of membrane transport systems to subvert plant immunity.To do this, they secrete virulence factors known as effectors, many of which converge on host membrane trafficking routes. The emerging paradigm is that effectors redundantly target every step of membrane trafficking from vesicle budding to trafficking and membrane fusion. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms adopted by plant pathogens to reprogram host plant vesicle trafficking, providing examples of effector-targeted transport pathways and highlighting key questions for the field to answer moving forward.

Automated summary

Membrane trafficking pathways are crucial for plant immunity, but pathogens have evolved to interfere with these pathways to subvert plant defenses. This review focuses on how plant pathogens reprogram host vesicle trafficking and highlights key questions for future research.