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Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiong Zhang et al.
Summary: By using the Thunderstorm Energetic Radiation Observation System (TEROS), researchers conducted the first observation experiments of rocket-triggered lightning energetic radiation (RLER) in China from May to July 2021. The study analyzed the characteristics of X-ray bursts and their relationships with discharge parameters. The results showed that energetic radiation is present during triggered lightning and is closely related to the last downward leader phase before the return stroke. The intensity of RLER was positively correlated with the return stroke peak current. Different time distribution patterns of RLER events were observed.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fanchao Lyu et al.
Summary: This paper reviews recent research progresses on terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) studies in the past decade, including TGF detection, the relationship between TGFs and lightning processes, and thunderstorm activities. The results suggest that upward TGFs observed by satellite-based detectors are closely connected with the development of in-cloud upward negative leaders, while downward TGFs observed by ground-based gamma-ray detectors are associated with different types of lightning processes. However, the generation mechanism of downward TGFs is still unclear and further coordinated observations are needed to gain new insights.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Liu Guo-Rong et al.
Summary: Spectral data from lightning discharge processes were captured using a high-speed slit-less grating spectrograph. Temperature estimates for the lightning return stroke channel varied based on the selection of different spectral line groups, with implications on the core and sheath temperatures within the lightning channel. The study indicates that a combination of spectral line groups yields a more accurate average temperature of the lightning return stroke channel.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abhay Srivastava et al.
Summary: This study proposes a thunderstorm tracking algorithm based on the total lightning data and neighborhood technique to forecast the possibility of lightning activity. The algorithm achieves reliable predictions of lightning approaching an area of concern with lead times of 30, 15, and 5 minutes, respectively.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xinyuan Zhou et al.
Summary: Lightning disaster poses a significant threat to human lives and industrial facilities. Data-driven lightning forecasting has proven effective in reducing such disaster losses. However, current methods fail to capture the long-range spatiotemporal dependencies within data. To address this issue, we propose a dual-source lightning forecasting network called LightNet+, which utilizes bi-directional spatiotemporal transformation to model long-range connections and extract historical trend information for accurate predictions.
APPLIED INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zefang Chen et al.
Summary: This study uses a continuous interferometer (CINTF) to observe the initial stage of the upward positive leader (UPL) of triggered lightning. The positioning error of CINTF is analyzed and calibrated, improving the observation accuracy of the UPL's elevation angle. The study reveals the discharge mechanism of the UPL, including the existence of precursor current pulse clusters and initial precursor current pulse clusters.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuchang Guo et al.
Summary: The study presents a multiple-input and multiple-output lightning nowcasting model, CLSTM-LFN, based on deep learning methods for improving the accuracy of lightning nowcasting. The model combines historical lightning occurrence frequency and physical variables related to lightning to provide effective information for lightning nowcasting in time and space.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yanxing Cui et al.
Summary: This study combines C-FMCW radar and lightning discharge recordings to analyze the dependence of lightning occurrence on the structure of precipitation cloud columns. The results show that PCCs with lightning exhibit larger values and wider distributions in multiple parameters compared to those without lightning. A lightning diagnosis program is developed using radar parameters, which achieves a hit rate of 93.5%. The maximum velocity spectrum width above the melting layer is found to be the most effective indicator in distinguishing PCCs with or without lightning.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lyuwen Chen et al.
Summary: This study directly measured the lightning current on the 600-m high Canton Tower using a Rogowski coil and analyzed the results. The study found that the rising time and width of the first-stroke current had a certain range, while the subsequent-stroke current had distinct characteristics. The study also discovered that the lightning location system often misclassified subsequent strokes as intracloud events and overestimated the peak current.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Liangtao Xu et al.
Summary: The study conducted numerical prediction experiments on lightning activity in North China over three rainy seasons using the WRF-Electric model, showing good performance in predicting the region of lightning activity but also highlighting discrepancies in discharge parameterization. The model exhibited better forecasting skills during the main rainy season and in the afternoon, with predictability enhanced with increasing thunderstorm scale.
ADVANCES IN METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fei Wang et al.
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of regions with multiple lightning initiations within a finite volume and short time. By analyzing radar data and lightning location data, the study finds that grids with high flash initiation densities have similar altitude and reflectivity patterns compared to grids with low initiation densities, and they also show similar trends in their frequency evolution.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yijun Zhang et al.
Summary: Monitoring and locating lightning is crucial for studying thunderstorm activity and understanding electricity in the atmosphere. The development of lightning monitoring technology has advanced globally, and China has kept up with these advancements. Their research includes monitoring based on VLF/LF signals, VHF signals, and optical signals.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hao Sun et al.
Summary: This study investigates the performance of FY-4A lightning data assimilation (LDA) in the forecast of non-typhoon oceanic mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). The results show that assimilating lightning data improves the accuracy and speed of simulations, and reduces forecast errors, especially during the analysis time and short-term forecast periods.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tianxue Zheng et al.
Summary: This paper presents a self-sustained charge neutrality parameterization scheme for intracloud (IC) lightning. The scheme includes features such as simultaneous development of multiple branches, polarity asymmetry of positive and negative leaders, nonlinear electrical parameters, complete charge neutrality, and channel decay and reactivation. Two simulated IC flashes under the tripole charge structure are analyzed to demonstrate the simulation capacity of this scheme. The results show the above features, and the analysis focuses on reactivation processes initiated from different branches and real-time changes in nonlinear electrical parameters.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xuejuan Wang et al.
Summary: The study uses spectral data from the Guangzhou Tower to experimentally verify the optical thickness of lightning neutral nitrogen and oxygen radiation in the near-infrared spectrum. It also reveals the spectral evolution characteristics of the lightning discharge process.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiushu Qie et al.
Summary: This study reveals a significant increase in lightning activity over the Tibetan Plateau, particularly in regions with high lightning density. The increase in thunderstorm frequency is identified as the main cause of the rise in lightning activity, rather than an increase in thunderstorm intensity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Chuanhong Zhao et al.
Summary: This study compares the characteristics of first echoes from thunderstorms and nonthunderstorms. The results show that thunderstorms and nonthunderstorms have different radar parameters in different height layers, indicating different characteristics of liquid or ice particles. This study enhances our understanding of the microphysics in the formation of thunderstorms.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shengxin Huang et al.
Summary: The physics governing the propagation of lightning leaders and long spark leaders is not well understood. Positive and negative leaders behave differently. This study observed the stepwise development of positive leaders guided by a separate luminous structure in laboratory lightning-like discharges under high humidity. The existence of a bi-directional separate luminous structure connecting with the primary leader channel was also discovered. These findings contribute to a better understanding of positive long spark leaders and lightning leaders.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yangxingyi Du et al.
Summary: Thunderstorm activity over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has important climatic effects and disaster impacts. The temporal and spatial distributions and cloud properties of thunderstorms over the QTP were analyzed using satellite data. Thunderstorms mainly occur from May to September and from 12 to 21 o'clock local time, with frequent centers in the southeast, south-central, and southwest regions. Some thunderstorms have strong convective cells, and extreme-lightning thunderstorms have larger cloud areas and more convective cells. The spatial distribution of thunderstorm activity differs from lightning activity in some regions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jingyu Lu et al.
Summary: In this study, the severe squall line that occurred in the Beijing Metropolitan Region on July 27, 2015 was simulated and studied using the WRF model coupled with an explicit electrification lightning scheme. The model captured the evolution of the squall line, including the merging of individual cells and storms, and the simulated flash frequency was consistent with the observation. The study found that the cloud bridge was the region where lightning events increased the most, and the rapid connection and formation of new convective cells between two older storms were due to the upstream anvil and sinking outflow. The study also revealed the evolution of in-cloud charge distribution during the merger. Overall, the study supports the hypothesis that convective merger enhances lightning activity and expands our understanding of its effects on microphysics and charge redistribution.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wenjuan Zhang et al.
Summary: This study used lightning data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) to examine the lightning characteristics in tropical cyclones making landfall in China. The study found that lightning activity was present in all cyclones during the landfall period, with the most frequent lightning rates between 250 and 600 flashes per hour. Cyclones landing in Guangdong and Hainan had the highest peak lightning rates, while those landing in Zhejiang and Shanghai showed the lowest lightning rates. The maximum lightning density was found in the inner-core region of weak cyclones located approximately 100-200 km away from the coastline. Vertical wind shear was identified as the dominant factor in producing lightning and convective asymmetry in cyclones landing in all locations.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiushu Qie et al.
Summary: Differences in the structure and intensity of thunderclouds over the Tibetan Plateau are observed in different regions and seasons. Thunderclouds increase in size and intensity from west to east. Indicators of thunderstorm intensity such as flash rate, ice content, cloud top height, and volume convective precipitation rate are highest in the eastern region, while the average thundercloud frequency is highest in the central region. Thunderclouds have varying lightning-producing capacity in different seasons, with June having the strongest in the eastern region. In terms of convective structure, the depth and horizontal areas of radar echoes are largest in the eastern region and smallest in the western region.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mingyi Xu et al.
Summary: This study utilized an 11-year ground-based cloud-to-cloud lightning dataset to investigate the lightning climatology over China's land area. The findings reveal that lightning activity decreases from south to north and from east to west, with peak activity in certain southern and eastern coastal provinces. Lightning in spring, summer, and autumn remains consistent throughout the day, while winter lightning is more active at night. Positive cloud-to-ground lightning flashes with higher peak currents are more than three times as common as negative flashes, and the mean peak current shows an inverse diurnal pattern to activity.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Liangtao Xu et al.
Summary: Thundersnow is widely distributed in China, with high-frequency areas mainly located in the Tibetan Plateau and northeastern China. It occurs less frequently at lower altitudes, with an average frequency of once every 10 years at low-altitude stations. Thundersnow events are most common in spring, autumn, and late winter, and can occur at higher altitudes in summer. The probability of blizzards on thundersnow days is 12.7%, and the percentage of positive cloud-to-ground lightning in winter thundersnow is approximately 20.7%.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yanfeng Fan et al.
Summary: An altitude-triggered lightning flash was conducted in a field experiment in China, and the low-medium frequency magnetic field of the lightning was measured for the first time using a sensitive magnetic sensor. The measurements revealed that the magnetic field waveforms of precursors and sustained upward positive leaders showed a clear damped-oscillatory pattern, which was caused by propagation losses and reflections of the lightning current. The observations also indicated that the bidirectional leaders developed in an uncoordinated manner, with the sustained downward negative leader occurring about 5.5 ms after the sustained upward positive leader.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Linhui Chen et al.
Summary: The current intensity in the lightning return stroke discharge channel primarily depends on the stored charge quantity in the previous leader process. The radius of the core current-carrying channel is closely related to the current intensity, and the intensity of the ionic line in the spectrum directly reflects the current intensity.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ye Tian et al.
Summary: A method was proposed in this study to improve hail warning performance by combining dual-polarization radar hydrometeor classification results with the 2a LJ algorithm. The method effectively reduced the false alarm rate and increased the critical success index, but slightly decreased the early warning lead time.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiushu Qie et al.
Summary: The STORM973 project conducted comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in Beijing metropolitan region from 2014 to 2018, finding that squall lines and multicell storms are the two major categories of severe thunderstorms. It was also discovered that lightning activity can be used as an indicator of severe weather events.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kai Qie et al.
Summary: The study found a significant increase in lightning density in South Asia over the past 20 years, with the surface latent heat flux along the west coast of the Indian subcontinent being the main contributor. Thermodynamic effects were found to have a greater impact on lightning activity than microphysical effects in the region.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tianxue Zheng et al.
Summary: This study investigates the discharge effects of upward lightning using a fine-resolution 2D thunderstorm model. The results show that the induced charge on the leader channels has a significant impact on the total opposite-polarity charge in the discharge region, leading to a complex charge structure that evolves with the development of thunderstorms. The redistribution of space charges caused by lightning discharges partly explains the complexity of charge structures in thunderstorms, which gradually decreases with the charge neutralization process.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yan Liu et al.
Summary: This paper analyzes the match percentage of lightning frequency in a certain region from June to August 2019, and finds that the stability of match results is affected by the size of the matching window. The amplitude of the lightning current is one of the important factors affecting the satellite's detection efficiency. Additionally, the development of thunderstorm systems also has an impact on the detection results of lightning.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiangzhen Kong et al.
Summary: The study revealed a closer relationship between Lightning Frequency Peaks (LFPs) and Average Intensity Changes (AICs) in severe and super typhoons than with intense intensity changes. T-lag was identified as a potential forecasting parameter of TC intensity change, simplifying the prediction process and establishing a bridge between the peak time lag and wind intensity change.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daohong Wang et al.
Summary: Using a lightning mapping array, 24 positive cloud-to-ground flashes were observed in three thunderstorm days, most of which exhibited inverted charge structures. The positive charges of the flashes usually distributed in a layer, and flashes with short durations tended to have large peak return stroke currents.
IEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Ruiyang Ma et al.
Summary: The comparison of lightning activity data from WWLLN and LIS shows differences in the spatiotemporal distribution over the Tibetan Plateau, potentially due to different observation modes representing different types of lightning. The results suggest regional variations and seasonal differences in the electrical properties of thunderstorms over the plateau.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dong Zheng et al.
Summary: Thunderstorms over the Tibetan Plateau, Central and Eastern China, and the southern foothills of the Himalayas exhibit correlations between lightning flash rate and size that differ from previously published findings. While Tibetan Plateau and Central and Eastern China thunderstorms show a positive correlation, Tibetan Plateau thunderstorms have lower flash rates and similar flash sizes compared to those in the southern foothills of the Himalayas.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pengfei Li et al.
Summary: A new moving amplification matching algorithm was proposed in this study to analyze and evaluate the temporal and spatial differences and correlation between FY-4A LMI and CMA-LDN ADTD system data. The algorithm effectively reduced the number of invalid operations and operation time, with LMI showing lower detection efficiency during the daytime compared to ADTD. The trends of lightning data change were similar between LMI and ADTD, and the mean value of the spherical surface distance in the matched array was 35.49 km.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fei Wang et al.
Summary: The study shows that most stratiform lightning flashes have a relatively small lightning area and negative leaders tend to concentrate at altitudes between 9-12 km or propagate in a low-altitude range of 5-7 km in large and developed MCSs. In addition, analysis indicates that most stratiform lightning flashes with a large lightning area propagate their negative leaders within a high-altitude range regardless of their initiation location.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zilong Ma et al.
Summary: In the SHAndong Triggering Lightning Experiment (SHATLE) in north China, a 3D low-frequency lightning mapping network with eight stations is deployed. The effective and stable acquisition of electromagnetic radiation data from lightning is achieved through real-time monitoring of acquisition speed, double timestamp scheme, and noise pulse analysis.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jingyu Lu et al.
Summary: The study investigated the convective cell mergers and their impact on lightning activity during an extreme severe squall line system over the Beijing Metropolitan Region. The results showed that the total flash rate of the storm peaked when the merger was completed, with different effects observed on individual cells. Radar reflectivity profiles indicated that the merger process tended to weaken the rear cell and strengthen the front cells.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rubin Jiang et al.
Summary: A high-speed camera captured a lightning strike hitting a 325m tower, revealing that a common streamer zone forms when the bright tips of negative and positive leaders are >= 23m apart. During the breakthrough phase, both leaders extend their channels with enhanced luminosity and shorten the gap between them to 16m. The growth of a luminous segment within the leader connection path is interpreted as a new scenario for converting a high-impedance common streamer zone to a hot plasma channel.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xian Xiao et al.
Summary: The study proposes and implements a proof-of-concept method for assimilating total lightning observations in the 4DVAR framework. By assimilating both radar and lightning data simultaneously, improved dynamical consistency, enhanced updraft and latent heat, and improved moisture distributions are achieved. The combined data assimilation scheme proves to be robust to variations in vertical velocity profiles, radii of horizontal interpolation, binning time intervals, and relationships used to estimate maximum vertical velocity from lightning flash rates.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yangli-Ao Geng et al.
Summary: Weather forecasting relies on comprehensive analysis of various meteorological data. Recent technological advancements have led to an explosion of weather data, posing challenges in utilizing this data for accurate forecasting. Our proposed data-driven forecasting framework based on deep neural networks has shown significantly better forecasting performance in real-world applications.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feifan Liu et al.
Summary: This study used measurements from the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) on the International Space Station to analyze narrow bipolar events (NBEs) observed by ground-based receivers. The findings suggest that NBEs are associated with emissions at 337 nm and have different rise times depending on the polarity, with negative NBEs consistent with cloud tops and positive NBEs with deeper cloud locations. Additionally, the emission strength of negative NBEs is linearly correlated with the peak current of the events.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tingting An et al.
Summary: The study analyzed positive cloud-to-ground lightning spectra and found that the total intensity of ionic lines and electrical conductivity increase with the channel height, indicating an increase in current intensity. The research also suggests that the current variation along the discharge channel may be related to the current direction.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanhui Wang et al.
Summary: A new method combining Pearson correlation with empirical mode decomposition is introduced for lightning discharge electric field pulse matching, showing significantly improved positioning results compared to traditional methods, particularly in cloud-to-ground lightning. In cloud-to-ground lightning, a relationship between negative recoil streamers and K-processes was observed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fengquan Li et al.
Summary: A lightning broadband VHF interferometer has been installed in Lhasa to detect lightning VHF signals and a new hybrid algorithm called the TDOA-EMTR technique has been introduced for imaging lightning channels in two dimensions. The new algorithm shows improved positioning efficiency and the ability to capture weaker radiation sources compared to traditional methods.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hongbo Zhang et al.
Summary: This study reports nine cases of TGFs where gamma-ray production preceded the occurrence of NBEs, supporting the relativistic feedback mechanism in large-scale thunderstorm E-field. The TGFs observed in this scenario had harder energy spectra and contained more gamma-ray photons compared to TGFs related to lightning initiation.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Q. Qi et al.
Summary: The height and top geometry of structures affect the striking distance of lightning flashes, and the correlation between the striking distance and peak return stroke current is scattered. The average initiation speed of upward connecting leaders is similar on different buildings, and complex buildings tend to have multiple upward leaders observed.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yanfeng Fan et al.
Summary: By analyzing synchronous observation data obtained at TOLOG in Guangzhou in 2019, this study examines the electromagnetic characteristics of upward positive leaders ascending from Canton Tower. The study finds similarities between the characteristics of tower-initiated UPL and rocket-triggered lightning precursors. The initial velocity of UPL from Canton Tower is significantly faster than from rocket-triggered lightning, but decreases rapidly and stabilizes at around 0.5 x 10(5) m/s.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ruibin Wan et al.
Summary: The study focused on the attenuation of lightning spectra characteristic lines at different distances, providing a method to correct for atmospheric attenuation and enabling further investigation into the physical characteristics of the lightning process.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shanfeng Yuan et al.
Summary: A comprehensive observation of tower-initiated upward lightning using high-speed video and the BLNET revealed that 21 out of 25 UL flashes were triggered by nearby positive CG lightning. It was found that some parent CG lightning flashes had more than one RS, with triggering occurring at short time delays and long time delays.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tao Xian et al.
Summary: The study investigates the thermal structure of the environmental atmosphere associated with Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) through combined observations from various detectors and GNSS-RO. It reveals that the tropopause altitudes related to TGFs in different regions show variations compared to climatology, with subtropical thunderstorms having warmer tropospheres and colder tropopauses over land. There are also differences in the thermal structures of thunderstorms producing TGFs between subtropical and tropical regions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhixiong Chen et al.
Summary: LMI showed consistent lightning spatial distributions with ground-based observations and had good lightning detection capability in complex terrain areas, but its detection efficiency was likely to be affected by cloud properties, especially in strongly electrified convective episodes.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Feifan Liu et al.
Summary: Blue discharges are rarely observed upward discharges that occur near the coldest cloud tops in thunderstorms. This study reports on two midlatitude thunderstorms where blue discharges clustered in a bounded area near the convective surge, reaching into the stratosphere. Narrow bipolar events indicated a main midlevel negative charge layer and upper positive charge layer, with the outbreak of negative NBEs suggesting the presence of a strong upper positive charge layer at high altitudes in the storm.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fengquan Li et al.
Summary: The analysis of a rocket-triggered lightning flash revealed multiple instances of current polarity reversal, such as negative to positive to negative transitions. The flash occurred in a transition zone between convective and stratiform regions, providing a unique observational opportunity.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ruhui Gan et al.
Summary: The study developed a total lightning data assimilation scheme at the cloud-resolving scale, which improves convection development by enhancing water vapor, providing a warm and moist environment, and increasing convergence at low levels and divergence at upper levels. The optimal assimilation experiment using a global group filter localization function demonstrated better forecast results by triggering new convection in front of existing convection, leading to a rapid shifting in convective activity.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dongxia Liu et al.
Summary: The lightning characteristics of 89 linear mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occurred over the Beijing area from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed, revealing that summer is the peak season for the occurrence of linear MCSs, with TS, LS, and PS modes comprising 73% of the total. Lightning is mainly concentrated in the convective region during the mature stage, while in the dissipating stage, lightning gradually increases in the stratiform region of TS mode.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tingting An et al.
Summary: The study found that there is a high conductivity channel within the lightning return stroke channel, with an average radius of about 1.8 cm and a temperature of around 20,000 K. The electrical conductivity decreases steeply as the radius increases, then decreases slowly. The corona sheath radius is positively correlated with the leader charge quantity and the apparent diameter of the corresponding leader channel, indicating that a wide corona-channel radius corresponds to intense discharge.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chuanhong Zhao et al.
Summary: This study evaluates how clouds evolve into thunderstorms in terms of the turbulence characteristics producing the first flash. The vertical turbulence characteristics of clouds associated with thunderstorms are obviously different from non-thunderstorms, and the turbulence intensities of the locations where the initial discharge pulse events of the first flashes occur are weak.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yongping Wang et al.
Summary: The study observed six red sprites produced by negative cloud-to-ground lightning strokes, most of which conformed to the morphological characteristics of typical negative sprites. During the sprite generation stage, the CG lightning stroke rate declined and the tropical thunderstorm structure appeared stable.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shanfeng Yuan et al.
Summary: Two types of side breakdowns were found in positive cloud-to-ground lightning, with one caused by reactivation of decayed negative branches and the other induced by the negative channel leading to the inception of a downward positive leader. The reactivations of decayed negative branches differed from recoil leaders due to a polarity change, while the hot and conductive negative channel indicated that disconnection or current cutoff was unnecessary for positive leader initiation.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dongjie Cao et al.
Summary: This study compared the optical properties and spatial distribution of lightning detected by LMI and ISS-LIS, finding differences in spatial resolution and detection efficiency. The characteristics of LMI lightning duration, radiance, and footprint were analyzed in detail.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xian Xiao et al.
Summary: Assimilating data from the Beijing Broadband Lightning Network (BLNET) improves model dynamical states by enhancing convergence and updraft in and near convective systems. The best forecast performance for assimilating BLNET lightning datasets is achieved with a 4DVar cycle using a 3-minute lightning accumulation interval, a 5 x 5 horizontal interpolation radius, and statistical vertical velocity profiles and distance weights from cumulus clouds.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Liu et al.
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of lightning data assimilation in predicting a moderate precipitation event in northern Xinjiang, showing that assimilating lightning data can significantly improve short-term forecast of moderate precipitation in the western margin of the Junggar Basin. Particularly, the cycling analysis experiments showed the best forecast skill in this regard.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingxuan Wang et al.
Summary: This study introduces artificial intelligence technology for the first time to lightning positioning based on low-frequency electric-field detection array (LFEDA), and proposes a new method based on deep-learning encoding features matching to provide a means for fast and fine location of total lightning. The new method greatly improves the matching efficiency, up to more than 50%, and has high positioning efficiency and accuracy for return strokes of triggered lightning.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cong Pan et al.
Summary: Sprites are transient luminous events that occur over thunderstorm clouds, representing the direct coupling between the troposphere and the upper atmosphere. Studies have shown that sprites tend to be produced early in the maturity-to-dissipation stage of mesoscale convective systems, with an increasing percentage of +CG to total CG. This indicates that sprite production is linked to the attenuation of the thunderstorm and the area of the stratiform region.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anjing Huang et al.
Summary: This paper evaluated the overall capability of hurricanes in posing electromagnetic impacts on the high-altitude atmosphere, finding that Hurricane Matthew may be able to produce halos/sprites and that the outer rainband is a favorable region for halo/sprite production.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dewang Xu et al.
Summary: Previous studies have found that lightning propagation behaviors and types are closely related to the unbalanced charge amount and vertical stratification of charge structure. This study demonstrates that different charge distribution features have significant influences on leader propagation tendency and lightning type. Symmetric charge distribution is conducive for horizontal propagation, while asymmetric charge distribution with a horizontal shift of high-density charge center favors leader extension in the offset direction. Different charge distributions lead to changes in electrical energy of charge regions, resulting in various lightning behaviors.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Bin Wu et al.
Summary: The study revealed that four predominantly vertical bidirectional leaders sequentially developed along the same path and connected to a predominantly horizontal channel, forming a positive branch and resulting in a downward positive cloud-to-ground return stroke.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiao Li et al.
Summary: The study focused on the charge transfer processes during the early stage of rocket-triggered lightning, finding significant similarities between precursory current pulses and initial upward leader pulses, with the former transferring less electric charge on average. The ascending rocket enhances the electric field near the wire tip, playing a critical role in initiating the breakdown process.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ruijiao Jiang et al.
Summary: An interesting downward positive cloud-to-ground lightning initiated by an upward negative cloud-to-ground lightning was recorded at the Tall-Object Lightning Observatory in Guangzhou. The study analyzed the discharge characteristics and the role of remote positive charge regions in facilitating the formation of the downward positive cloud-to-ground lightning, providing evidence for a new scenario of lightning initiation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
YuRui Li et al.
Summary: A method for radiation source connection considering source density and repeated discharges in channels was proposed, improving the stability of channel scale by increasing spatial connection threshold determined by source density. By limiting the time interval of radiation source connection, the optimized threshold obtained can better distinguish between discharges occurring in the same channel at different times, resulting in a more realistic discharge scale.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mengyu Sun et al.
Summary: The effects of aerosols on lightning activity in thunderstorms are significant, with higher aerosol loading enhancing electrification and lightning discharges. Elevated aerosol concentrations increase cloud droplets, latent heat release, updraft, ice-phase particles, and charging rates, leading to more lightning. In contrast, lower aerosol concentrations result in weaker updrafts, fewer ice particles, lower charging rates, and less lightning in continental thunderstorms.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wang Xue-Juan et al.
Summary: This study analyzes the spectral features of the M-components in lightning and calculates the temperatures and electron densities of these components in the channel core and outer corona sheath. The results show that the spectra of the M-components differ from the return stroke spectra and exhibit different variations along the channel. Temperature and electron density in the core channel decrease with height, while in the corona sheath they increase, showing distinct patterns between M-components.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yu Hai et al.
Summary: The use of balloon-borne strong electric field sounding provides a feasible method for directly observing electric field characteristics and studying charge structures in thunderstorms in tropical regions. The results of the observation show a complex charge structure in the thunderstorm cloud, with six charge regions displaying alternating polarity and varying charge densities.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiangpeng Fan et al.
Summary: Introducing advanced ensemble EMD (EEMD) technique and the double-sided bidirectional mirror (DBM) extension method for LF/VLF lightning measurements improves the accuracy and positioning capabilities of lightning electric field signals, by effectively suppressing mode mixing and overcoming the endpoint effect of EMD.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
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Xiushu Qie et al.
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Jin You et al.
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Dong Zheng et al.
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Dong Zheng et al.
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Guorong Liu et al.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2019)
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Meng Zhang et al.
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Qi Qi et al.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
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Yanfeng Fan et al.
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Ye Tian et al.
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GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
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Tingting An et al.
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Bin Wu et al.
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Abhay Srivastava et al.
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Yangli-ao Geng et al.
KDD'19: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH ACM SIGKDD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCCE ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY AND DATA MINING
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Tianyang Lin et al.
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P. Lv et al.
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(2018)
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Gaopeng Lu et al.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2018)
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Dong Zheng et al.
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Jun Yang et al.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
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Zhang Yijun et al.
JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2016)
Review
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Qie Xiushu et al.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2015)
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Qie Xiushu
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2012)
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