4.8 Review

Flexible Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Device for Emerging Multifunctional and Smart Applications

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MACROMOLECULES (2022)

Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Enhancing device performance of CsPbBr3 perovskite light-emitting diodes with Cs2CO3 modification layer and dual additives

Lung-Chien Chen et al.

Summary: This study presents the performance of CsPbBr3 perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with a cesium carbonate modification layer and dual additives. The modification layer improves the crystallization of the hole transport layer and reduces resistance and impedance, enabling operation at a low level and achieving low starting voltage. The PeLEDs exhibit high luminance and external quantum efficiency at 6 V.

MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

3D nanoprinting of semiconductor quantum dots by photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding

Shao-Feng Liu et al.

Summary: Researchers have developed a polymerization-independent laser direct writing technique for printing arbitrary 3D quantum dot structures with nanoscale resolution. This technique improves material purity and intrinsic properties, and holds potential for the manufacturing of optoelectronic devices.

SCIENCE (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Carbon Nanodots with Nearly Unity Fluorescent Efficiency Realized via Localized Excitons

Qing Lou et al.

Summary: CDs doped with pyrrolic nitrogen and prepared through atomic condensation exhibit near-unity emission efficiency, paving the way for their application in solid-state lighting technology.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultrahigh-resolution full-color perovskite nanocrystal patterning for ultrathin skin-attachable displays

Jong Ik Kwon et al.

Summary: In this study, ultrahigh-resolution full-color perovskite nanocrystal (PeNC) patterns were successfully achieved through transfer printing, with outstanding electroluminescence characteristics and high transfer yield. The double-layer transfer printing technique enables PeLEDs to operate on curvilinear surfaces and shows great potential for applications.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Integration of synaptic phototransistors and quantum dot light-emitting diodes for visualization and recognition of UV patterns

Hyojin Seung et al.

Summary: The study utilizes synaptic photodetectors to achieve photon-triggered synaptic plasticity, developing an integrated device for noise reduction, visualization of UV patterns, and enhanced image contrast, which improves high-accuracy image recognition.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Microwave-Welded and Photopolymer-Embedded Silver Nanowire Electrodes for Skin-like Supercapacitors

Bin Wang et al.

Summary: This study presents a facile strategy for preparing high-performance skin-like transparent electrodes, addressing conductivity, stability, and substrate issues. Through effective microwave-welding technique and embedded structure, skin-like AgNW electrodes with high optoelectronic performance and mechanical robustness were successfully fabricated.

ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Universal Flexible Lamination Encapsulation Strategy toward Underwater-Operation Electroluminescence Devices

Jialin Wu et al.

Summary: A simple, robust, low-cost, and scalable flexible lamination encapsulation strategy was developed in this study for protection of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes. The encapsulation not only provided excellent protection in air, but also endowed the diodes with outstanding waterproof performance. This encapsulation technology can also be extended to other flexible flat-panel devices.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Inkjet-printed blue InP/ZnS/ZnS quantum dot light-emitting diodes

Zhiwen Yang et al.

Summary: This research presents an efficient method for preparing high color purity inkjet-printed QLEDs using blue InP quantum dots as the emitting layer. The method involves optimizing the core size and shell thickness to achieve high PL quantum yield and suppress energy transfer, which can facilitate the development of large-area electroluminescent full-color displays.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Air stable eco-friendly quantum dots with a light-mediated photoinitiator for an inkjet printed flexible light emitting diode

Hanleem Lee et al.

Summary: Printed quantum dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs) have great potential for large-area displays. However, there are still limitations on printed QLEDs with eco-friendly quantum dots, such as selection of ink solvent, environmental degradation, and viscosity. In this study, an air-processable ink with a photoinitiator was designed for improved luminescence and external quantum efficiency. The results showed significant enhancement in both performance and stability.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C (2022)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Materials and design strategies for stretchable electroluminescent devices

Jisu Yoo et al.

Summary: This article presents recent advances in materials and design strategies for stretchable electroluminescent (EL) devices, including those based on ultrathin EL devices and those fabricated using inherently stretchable electronic materials. The applications of deformable EL devices are also discussed.

NANOSCALE HORIZONS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Biopolymer passivation for high-performance perovskite solar cells by blade coating

Shudi Qiu et al.

Summary: Thin films of perovskite deposited from solution contain defects that hinder solar cell performance, but using natural materials as passivation agents could offer a solution. Poly-L-lysine (PLL) was found to effectively passivate perovskite film defects, improving printed device performance. This work demonstrates the potential of using natural materials for preparing high-quality perovskite layers in optoelectronic applications.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Artificial Skin Perception

Ming Wang et al.

Summary: Electronic skin (e-skin) replicates human skin to achieve artificial sensation through flexible and stretchable electronic components. While progress has been made in data collection and transmission, the perception functionality is still in its early stage. Integrating perception into flexible sensing systems, artificial skin perception is crucial for endowing systems with higher intelligence.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Perovskite QLED with an external quantum efficiency of over 21% by modulating electronic transport

Tao Fang et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates green perovskite QLEDs with improved efficiency and operational lifetime by balancing charge injection, showing high color saturation and excellent external quantum efficiency. Modulating charge balance significantly enhances the operational lifetime of the devices, further highlighting the potential of perovskite QLEDs for practical applications.

SCIENCE BULLETIN (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Textile Electronics for VR/AR Applications

Su Liu et al.

Summary: This paper provides a systematic review of interactive devices, fabrication technologies, system integration, promising applications, and challenges involved in textile-based VR/AR systems.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Physics, Applied

Enhancing hole injection by electric dipoles for efficient blue InP QLEDs

Yangzhi Tan et al.

Summary: This study introduced an ultrathin MoO3 electric dipole layer to balance carrier injection, resulting in an enhanced maximal external quantum efficiency of blue InP QLEDs, providing a method to achieve high-efficiency QLEDs.

APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Flexible quantum dot light-emitting diodes without sacrificing optical and electrical performance

Sang Hyun Yoon et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates flexible QLEDs with excellent light-emitting properties without degradation of optical and electrical performances, achieved through the development of a double-layered graphene as the anode and a mixture of Al film and Ag nanowires as the cathode. The balanced charge injection through the new electrode helps minimize color shift as a function of brightness, and no significant degradation is observed in the flexible QLED performances even after 1,000 bending tests.

APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE (2021)

Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

A facile process combined with roll-to-roll flexographic printing and electroless deposition to fabricate RFID tag antenna on paper substrates

Yan Wang et al.

Summary: This paper demonstrates a reliable and low-cost method to synthesize low-resistivity metal antennas for RFID tags on paper substrates via chemical plating. Characterization studies show that a copper layer with good crystallinity, uniformity, and high purity is formed on the substrate after 25 minutes of chemical copper plating. It is proven that RFID copper layer antennas prepared by flexographic printing have qualified mechanical properties and excellent impedance matching with IC chips.

COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Physics, Applied

A flexible monolithic integrated silicon low noise amplifier on plastic substrate

Zixuan You et al.

Summary: The study presents the design of a flexible monolithic integrated silicon RF low noise amplifier on plastic substrate, achieving a gain of 11dB and a noise figure of 4.3dB at 300 MHz. The research also discusses the influence of parasitics induced by flexible impedance matching on the amplifier's performance.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS (2021)

Article Optics

Comprehensive defect suppression in perovskite nanocrystals for high-efficiency light-emitting diodes

Young-Hoon Kim et al.

Summary: In this study, a one-dopant alloying strategy was employed to enhance electroluminescence efficiencies of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) by reducing defect formation and enhancing charge carrier confinement. Surface-stabilizing agents and bromide vacancy healing agents were utilized to decrease defect density and improve carrier confinement, resulting in significant enhancement in performance.

NATURE PHOTONICS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Efficient larger size white quantum dots light emitting diodes using blade coating at ambient conditions

Qunying Zeng et al.

Summary: In this study, a facile strategy using low-cost blade coating technique was proposed for realizing highly efficient full-color-enabling white emitting quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). The trichromatic white QLEDs exhibited excellent optoelectronic performance and promising applications in the fields of low-cost solid-state lighting and flat-panel displays.

ORGANIC ELECTRONICS (2021)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

A review on the electroluminescence properties of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes

Qilin Yuan et al.

Summary: This article reviews the electroluminescence properties and fabrication/characterization technologies of Quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), emphasizing the significance of dynamic processes of charge carriers and related characterization technology. Strategies to improve device performance through interface modification and QD design are summarized, along with the corresponding physics and chemistry mechanisms.

ORGANIC ELECTRONICS (2021)

Article Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture

Signature Codes in Visible Light Positioning

Jianli Jin et al.

Summary: This article introduces the architecture and multiplexing methods of visible light positioning systems, as well as the application of a new signature code. By discussing the decomposition of received signal strengths and the adaptive positioning mechanism, it demonstrates the potential superior performance in a large-scale IoT environment.

IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Stability improvement of photoluminescent QLEDs based on Mn-doped all-inorganic metal halide perovskite quantum dots with silica shell

Zilei Liu et al.

Summary: Transitional metal doping and surface engineering were used to synthesize silica-coated Mn:CsPbCl3 QDs for the fabrication of photoluminescent QD-based light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), improving their stability.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Perovskite Quantum Dots with Ultralow Trap Density by Acid Etching-Driven Ligand Exchange for High Luminance and Stable Pure-Blue Light-Emitting Diodes

Chenghao Bi et al.

Summary: The research achieved pure-blue emitting small-sized CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots with high quantum efficiency and stability through a novel acid etching-driven ligand exchange strategy. The PeLEDs based on these quantum dots demonstrated significant progress in brightness, pure blue electroluminescence, and durability.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

High-frequency and intrinsically stretchable polymer diodes

Naoji Matsuhisa et al.

Summary: This paper presents an intrinsically stretchable diode based on stretchable organic and nanomaterials, capable of operating at a frequency as high as 13.56 megahertz. This advancement enables enhanced functionalities and capabilities for skin-like wearable electronics.

NATURE (2021)

Article Engineering, Mechanical

Highly flexible cover window using ultra-thin glass for foldable displays

Myeong-Hun Ha et al.

Summary: The market for next-generation flexible displays is rapidly expanding with the launch of foldable electronic products, leading to continuous growth in the flexible electronic material and device industries. Research efforts are focused on improving the performance and stability of cover windows used in foldable displays. By utilizing ultra-thin glass and optimizing the multilayer structure design, the foldable cover window has been enhanced for better flexibility and reliability.

JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Ligand-Assisted Direct Photolithography of Perovskite Nanocrystals Encapsulated with Multifunctional Polymer Ligands for Stable, FullColored, High-Resolution Displays

Jaewan Ko et al.

Summary: In this study, patternable perovskite nanocrystals with excellent stability were prepared by exchanging ligands, leading to successful demonstration of RGB microarrays with enhanced stability towards polar solvents. The results highlight the versatility and feasibility of a simplified patterning strategy for nanomaterials.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

High performance inkjet-printed QLEDs with 18.3% EQE: improving interfacial contact by novel halogen-free binary solvent system

Ming Chen et al.

Summary: TFB has challenges in inkjet-printed QLED devices such as interlayer mixing and erosion, which can be addressed by using a binary solvent system of decalin and n-tridecane to achieve high-performance inkjet-printed QLEDs with high quantum efficiency and stability.

NANO RESEARCH (2021)

Article Optics

Suppression of temperature quenching in perovskite nanocrystals for efficient and thermally stable light-emitting diodes

Mingming Liu et al.

Summary: Fluoride-treated CsPbBr3 nanocrystals exhibit near unity emission efficiency at temperatures up to 373 K, with constant decay kinetics. The treatment leads to surfaces rich in fluorine with wider energy gaps than the core, suppressing carrier trapping and improving thermal stability. Devices incorporating these nanocrystals show low turn-on voltage and high external quantum efficiency, with nearly 80% efficiency maintained at high temperatures, offering a promising pathway for high-performance light-emitting diodes based on perovskite nanostructures.

NATURE PHOTONICS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

On Improving 5G Internet of Radio Light Security Based on LED Fingerprint Identification Method

Dayu Shi et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a novel device identification method in 5G networks using LED fingerprints extraction, achieving up to 97.1% accuracy with the use of four machine-learning classifiers. The method has been theoretically investigated and experimentally verified, showing feasibility and accuracy in a practical VLC-based 5G network demonstration.

SENSORS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Flexible High-Stability Self-Variable-Voltage Monolithic Integrated System Achieved by High-Brightness LED for Information Transmission

Yanqing Jia et al.

Summary: The study introduces a high-performance self-variable-voltage light information transmission integrated system to address the complexity of sensing and driving circuits in IoT technology, demonstrating its potential application in low-power, self-powered optical communication transmission systems.
Article Chemistry, Physical

Microsupercapacitor with a 500 nm gap between MXene/CNT electrodes

Eunji Kim et al.

Summary: This study presents a method for fabricating on-chip symmetric MSCs with coplanar interdigitated electrodes using focused-ion-beam process and carbon nanotube electrodes. The micro supercapacitors produced have high areal capacitance with narrow gaps between electrode fingers, while electron beam lithography and photolithography are utilized to create ultra-small footprint devices.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Colloidal quantum dot lasers

Young-Shin Park et al.

Summary: Semiconductor nanocrystals, also known as colloidal quantum dots, offer promising properties for optical-gain media that can be manipulated via colloidal techniques. Recent advances in understanding and controlling light amplification processes have led to breakthroughs in optically pumped continuous-wave lasing and development of novel dual-function electroluminescent devices that also function as optically pumped lasers. This review evaluates the state of colloidal quantum dot lasing and discusses challenges and opportunities in the field.

NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Intrinsically stretchable organic light-emitting diodes

Jin-Hoon Kim et al.

Summary: An intrinsically stretchable organic light-emitting diode, made of highly stretchable constituent materials, is able to emit light under strains as large as 80%. It has a low turn-on voltage of 8 V and a maximum luminance of 4400 cd m(-2) from both the anode and cathode sides. The device can withstand repeated stretching cycles up to 200 times and shows improved light-emitting efficiency with small stretches up to 50%.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Reconfigurable Flexible Electronics Driven by Origami Magnetic Membranes

Zhijie Qi et al.

Summary: A method using programmable magnetic origami membranes to generate complex deformations for flexible actuators and triggering spontaneous deformations of carrying devices has been studied. These membranes have the ability to operate in different environments, capture and release objects, and offer tunable frequencies and gains.

ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

A Review on Encapsulation Technology from Organic Light Emitting Diodes to Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells

Qian Lu et al.

Summary: Organic light emitting diodes, organic photovoltaics, and perovskite solar cells are vulnerable to degradation induced by moisture and oxygen, requiring robust encapsulation techniques with high barrier performance against these elements for protection. The advantages and disadvantages of various encapsulation technologies and materials, along with their applications in different devices, have been compared. Ongoing challenges and future perspectives in the field of encapsulation have also been addressed.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Design of Chemically Stable Organic Perovskite Quantum Dots for Micropatterned Light-Emitting Diodes through Kinetic Control of a Cross-Linkable Ligand System

Hanleem Lee et al.

Summary: By controlling the ligand-binding kinetics, this work prevents surface defects in perovskite quantum dots, leading to an increase in photoluminescence quantum yield and improved environmental stability. The resulting cross-linked perovskite quantum dot film shows enhanced chemical stability without compromising optoelectrical properties, enabling the successful fabrication of high-resolution white electroluminescent devices by inkjet printing using green and red perovskite quantum dots.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Droplet-Based Techniques for Printing of Functional Inks for Flexible Physical Sensors

Horned Abdolmaleki et al.

Summary: Printed electronics is a promising technology that uses functional inks to print electrical components on various substrates, enabling the fabrication of flexible and form-fitting devices. Droplet-based printing technologies, utilizing nanomaterial inks, are of particular interest due to their high resolution and production flexibility. Research focuses on developing functional inks and creating physical sensors using these techniques.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Ceramics

Thermal cycling behavior of EB-PVD rare earth oxides co-doping ZrO2-based thermal barrier coatings

Zhen Zhen et al.

Summary: A novel ceramic topcoat of Gd2O3-Yb2O3-Y2O3 co-stabilized ZrO2 (GYbYSZ) thermal barrier coatings was fabricated using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) technique. The study systematically investigated the phase stability, composition, morphology, and cyclic oxidation of the coating. The results showed that the ceramic coat maintained its cubic phase structure after long-term annealing and exhibited a multi-layer structure with layer-by-layer spallation after thermal cycling.

CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Intelligent, biomimetic, color-tunable, light-emitting artificial skin with memory function

Yangbin Zhu et al.

Summary: This study proposes a universal strategy to achieve color-tunable skin with memory function, with devices having multiple responses to electrical and light stimulations. These color-tunable devices can mimic the unique function of "once bitten, twice shy" to enhance self-protection. The color tunability of the devices is consistent with the memory-forgetting curve proposed by psychologists.

NANO ENERGY (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Transcranial photobiomodulation in the management of brain disorders

Katayoon Montazeri et al.

Summary: Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is the process of delivering light photons through the skull to benefit from its modifying effect on brain disorders. This study aimed to determine the existing evidence of tPBM effectiveness in managing traumatic brain injury, stroke, Parkinson, and Alzheimer's disease. While some studies confirmed the effectiveness of tPBM, further well-designed RCTs are needed to definitively assess its efficacy in treating brain disorders.

JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Fabrication of ultra-thin glass sheet by weight-controlled load-assisted precise thermal stretching

Yapeng Yuan et al.

Summary: This paper presents an efficient and convenient method for fabricating ultra-thin glass sheets by utilizing weight-controlled load-assisted thermal stretching, resulting in the world's thinnest glass sheet. Experimental results demonstrate the potential advantage of using these ultra-thin glass sheets in indicator applications for micro-systems, with higher sensitivity compared to existing devices.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Highly efficient, heat dissipating, stretchable organic light-emitting diodes based on a MoO3/Au/MoO3 electrode with encapsulation

Dae Keun Choi et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the exceptional performance of a transparent electrode for stretchable organic light-emitting diodes under 2-dimensional random area strain. By utilizing a special structure and materials, the devices achieve high efficiency and stability.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Patterned Blade Coating Strategy Enables the Enhanced Device Reproducibility and Optimized Morphology of Organic Solar Cells

Jian Yuan et al.

Summary: The morphology evolution kinetics at multi-scale regime is crucial for industrial fabrication of high-performance organic solar cells. An innovative strategy utilizing a patterned blade to print non-fullerene based devices in ambient conditions has been demonstrated. Comparing patterned and normal blade printing reveals avenues to optimize blend films morphology for superior device performance.

ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS (2021)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

High-Resolution Colloidal Quantum Dot Film Photolithography via Atomic Layer Deposition of ZnO

Gi-Hwan Kim et al.

Summary: The study presents a conventional optical lithography process to enhance solvent resistance of QD films by reacting the QD film surface with diethylzinc (DEZ) precursors using atomic layer deposition. This allows for direct coating of photoresist (PR) on top of the QD film, enabling high-resolution patterning to be achieved. QD electroluminescence devices were fabricated, showing enhanced brightness and efficiency compared to reference QD-LED devices.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Single-Step Dual-Layer Photolithography for Tunable and Scalable Nanopatterning

Wenfei Liu et al.

Summary: Dual-layer photolithography (DLPL) is introduced as a derivative of conventional photolithography for nanoscale patterning, based on controlled exposure and development of overlapping positive and negative photoresists. By adjusting lithography parameters and material deposition, feature sizes, shapes, line widths, and materials can be independently controlled. This strategy is not limited to ultraviolet photolithography and can enhance the resolution of other energetic beam-based lithographic approaches.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Efficient Full-Color Boron Nitride Quantum Dots for Thermostable Flexible Displays

Yamei Ding et al.

Summary: The research has successfully achieved full-color emission from hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots by doping different amino ligands in different solvents, with the quantum yield reaching a record high of 32.27%.

ACS NANO (2021)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Current Development on Origami/Kirigami-Inspired Structure of Creased Patterns toward Robotics

Chao Ai et al.

Summary: Origami/kirigami, the ancient art of paper folding and cutting techniques, has inspired structural design routes in engineering and medical fields, with applications in stretchable electronics and deformable devices. The innovative creased patterns of origami/kirigami designs offer inspiration and additional solutions for various research fields.

ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with EQE Exceeding 28% through a Synergetic Dual-Additive Strategy for Defect Passivation and Nanostructure Regulation

Zhe Liu et al.

Summary: A synergetic dual-additive strategy was used to prepare perovskite films with low defect density and high environmental stability, leading to the formation of perovskite nanocrystals with a quasi-core/shell structure that exhibited improved stability and efficiency in green PeLEDs.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2021)

Review Cell Biology

Photobiomodulation for the aging brain

Fabrizio dos Santos Cardoso et al.

Summary: Longevity is a great triumph of humanity, but it also brings challenges such as age-related cognitive decline and neurological diseases. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has shown promising effects in improving brain functions in aging populations, with studies demonstrating neuroprotective and neuromodulatory capacities in both animals and humans. More controlled studies are needed to further understand the mechanisms and benefits of PBM in older populations.

AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS (2021)

Article Biology

A smart LED therapy device with an automatic facial acne vulgaris diagnosis based on deep learning and internet of things application

Duc Tri Phan et al.

Summary: This article introduces a smart LED therapy system based on deep learning and Internet of Things technology for automatic facial acne diagnosis and treatment. The research focuses on the development of LED therapy devices, design of deep learning models, development of smartphone applications, as well as the proposal and experimental verification of a healthcare Internet of Things platform. The obtained results demonstrate the practical application of the proposed LED therapy system for automatic acne diagnosis and H-IoT-based solutions.

COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Zinc ions doped cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals with enhanced efficiency and stability for white light-emitting diodes

Renjie Chen et al.

Summary: Doping zinc ions into CsPbBr3 NCs can enhance photoluminescence properties and stability, improving the optical properties of the material. A white light-emitting diode (WLED) with high luminous efficiency and wide color gamut was fabricated using green-emitting CsPbBr3:Zn2+ doped NCs and red-emitting K2SiF6:Mn6+ phosphors.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2021)

Review Polymer Science

Polymer-Assisted High-Resolution Printing Techniques for Colloidal Quantum Dots

Jiwoong Yang et al.

Summary: Colloidal quantum dots are widely studied for their unique optical and electronic properties, making them promising materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices. Developing processes that can tailor their 3D architecture is essential for further research and application in this field.

MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bulk-like ZnSe Quantum Dots Enabling Efficient Ultranarrow Blue Light-Emitting Diodes

Min Gao et al.

Summary: By growing a thin shell of ZnS on ZnSe cores with sizes larger than the bulk Bohr diameter, blue-emitting heavy-metal free QDs with high quantum yield of 95% and extremely narrow emission width of around 9.6 nm were successfully synthesized. The bulk-like size of ZnSe cores also improves charge transport, resulting in bright pure blue emission with an external quantum efficiency of 12.2% and a relatively long operating lifetime in LEDs.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Light-Emitting Memristors for Optoelectronic Artificial Efferent Nerve

Yangbin Zhu et al.

Summary: The article introduces the technology of using light-emitting memristors to realize optoelectronic artificial efferent nerves, demonstrating the impact of this technology on synaptic plasticity and signal transmission, thus overcoming the physical limitations of traditional electronic neural systems.

NANO LETTERS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Enhanced efficiency of top-emission InP-based green quantum dot light-emitting diodes with optimized angular distribution

Dong Li et al.

Summary: High resolution and wide color gamut are key requirements for novel display technologies. Quantum dot light-emitting diodes have drawn considerable attention in recent years due to their distinguishing advantages.

NANO RESEARCH (2021)

Editorial Material Optics

Characterization of stability and challenges to improve lifetime in perovskite LEDs

Seung-Je Woo et al.

Summary: The low stability of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) poses the biggest challenge to the commercialization of PeLED displays. Analyzing and improving the stability of PeLEDs is crucial, and suggestions provided in this paper may enhance the operational lifetime of PeLEDs.

NATURE PHOTONICS (2021)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Semiconductor quantum dots: Technological progress and future challenges

F. Pelayo Garcia de Arquer et al.

Summary: This article explores the distinctive behavior of electrons in quantum-confined semiconductor nanostructures and their impact on material properties, specifically focusing on the potential applications of zero-dimensional semiconductor quantum dots in optics and materials science.

SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Optical Performance and Moisture Stability Enhancement of Flexible Luminescent Films Based on Quantum-Dot/Epoxy Composite Particles

Guanwei Liang et al.

Summary: A novel epoxy/QDs composite particle structure was proposed to solve the issue of decreased optical performance of quantum dots in a moisture environment. The flexible luminescent films obtained demonstrated improved photoluminescence and light extraction, with increased light efficiency and high moisture stability compared to traditional QD/silicone films. Additionally, the CPF structure showed strong thermal and moisture stability under extreme ambient conditions, indicating great potential value in flexible commercial QD-based LED displays and lighting applications.

NANOMATERIALS (2021)

Review Immunology

Effects of Cadmium Exposure on the Immune System and Immunoregulation

Zhineng Wang et al.

Summary: Cadmium, a biologically non-essential heavy metal, widely present in the environment and foods, is mainly known for its immunotoxicity, which includes modulation of immune cell activity, induction of immune responses, and alteration of antibody production.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Defect compensation in formamidinium-caesium perovskites for highly efficient solar mini-modules with improved photostability

Yehao Deng et al.

Summary: The addition of excessive AX in formamidinium-caesium mixed-cation perovskites improves their photostability by compensating iodide vacancies and suppressing ion migration and defects generation during long-term illumination. This approach impedes the generation of hole traps and phase segregation, ultimately enhancing the stability and efficiency of the perovskite mini-modules.

NATURE ENERGY (2021)

Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

An artificial neural tactile sensing system

Sungwoo Chun et al.

Summary: This study presents an artificial neural tactile skin system that mimics the human tactile recognition process, utilizing particle-based polymer composite sensors and a signal-converting system. The sensors in the system respond selectively to pressure and vibration, similar to mechanoreceptors in human skin, and can generate sensory neuron-like output signal patterns. In experiments, the undistorted transmission of output signals, nerve stimulation, and muscle contraction were successfully achieved, demonstrating the potential of this system for developing robotics, prosthetics, and deep learning techniques for texture classification.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

Review Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Colloidal quantum dot electronics

Mengxia Liu et al.

Summary: The article reviews the development of colloidal quantum dot electronics, focusing on the role of surface chemistry in suppressing non-radiative processes, controlling light-matter interactions, and regulating carrier transport properties. It also highlights the prospects of new classes of colloidal quantum dots and superlattices for emerging applications.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Three-dimensional foldable quantum dot light-emitting diodes

Dong Chan Kim et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates a method for creating 3D foldable QLEDs using laser patterning and metal etch-stop layers, allowing for devices with extremely small bending radii to be fabricated, and showcasing its application in creating 3D foldable QLED arrays.

NATURE ELECTRONICS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Fluid driven self-assembly of woven Ag nanowire grid for ultra-flexible transparent electrodes

Cong Zhao et al.

Summary: In this work, a flow driven self-assembly approach was employed to prepare highly oriented woven Ag-NW grids, resulting in flexible transparent electrodes with remarkable mechanical performance and low sheet resistance. Through selective deposition and elastomer transferring processes, TE devices with excellent mechanical properties were successfully obtained. The fabricated electrodes exhibited uniform electroluminescence under both flat and bending states, indicating their promising potential for flexible optoelectronic applications.

MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

High efficiency green InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes by balancing electron and hole mobility

Wei-Chih Chao et al.

Summary: The development of green-emitting InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLED) is lagging behind their red and green counterparts. By preparing green InP quantum dots and incorporating them into a QLED to promote hole transport and reduce electron mobility, a maximum quantum efficiency of 16.3% is achieved.

COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Water-passivated ZnMgO nanoparticles for blue quantum dot light-emitting diodes

Yue Guo et al.

Summary: Water is used as a passivation agent to fix the interface between quantum dots (QDs) and magnesium doped zinc oxide (ZnMgO) nanoparticles, which reduces exciton quenching and balances charge carriers to improve the performance of blue quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). The passivated ZnMgO leads to significantly higher external quantum efficiency (EQE) and luminance in blue QLEDs compared to those made with pristine ZnMgO. Characterization techniques such as photoluminescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the water-passivated ZnMgO nanoparticles for further understanding of the enhanced performance in blue QLEDs.

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