Recent Advancements in Polyurethane-based Tissue Engineering

In tissue engineering, polyurethane-based implants have gained significant traction because of their high compatibility and inertness. The implants therefore show fewer side effects and lasts longer. Also, the mechanical properties can be tuned and morphed into a particular shape, owing to which polyurethanes show immense versatility. In the last 3 years, scientists have devised methods to enhance the strength of and induce dynamic properties in polyurethanes, and these developments offer an immense opportunity to use them in tissue engineering. The focus of this review is on applications of polyurethane implants for biomedical application with detailed analysis of hard tissue implants like bone tissues and soft tissues like cartilage, muscles, skeletal tissues, and blood vessels. The synthetic routes for the preparation of scaffolds have been discussed to gain a better understanding of the issues that arise regarding toxicity. The focus here is also on concerns regarding the biocompatibility of the implants, given that the precursors and byproducts are poisonous.

Automated summary

Polyurethane-based implants are highly compatible and inert, making them an attractive choice in tissue engineering with fewer side effects and longer durability. Their mechanical properties can be adjusted and shaped, showcasing immense versatility. Recent advancements in enhancing strength and inducing dynamic properties in polyurethanes have created significant opportunities for tissue engineering applications. This review focuses on the biomedical applications of polyurethane implants, particularly in hard tissues like bones and soft tissues like cartilage, muscles, and blood vessels. The synthesis routes for scaffolds are discussed to address toxicity concerns associated with the precursors and byproducts.