Amelogenin-Derived Peptide (ADP-5) Hydrogel for Periodontal Regeneration: An In Vitro Study on Periodontal Cells Cytocompatibility, Remineralization and Inflammatory Profile

A relevant alternative to enamel matrix derivatives from animal origin could be the use of synthetic amelogenin-derived peptides. This study aimed to assess the effect of a synthetic amelogenin-derived peptide (ADP-5), alone or included in an experimental gellan-xanthan hydrogel, on periodontal cell behavior (gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament cells, osteoblasts and cementoblasts). The effect of ADP-5 (50, 100, and 200 mu g/mL) on cell metabolic activity was examined using Alamar blue assay, and cell morphology was assessed by confocal imaging. An experimental gellan-xanthan hydrogel was then designed as carrier for ADP-5 and compared to the commercial gel Emdogain((R)). Alizarin Red was used to determine the periodontal ligament and cementoblasts cell mineralization. The inflammatory profile of these two cells was also quantified using ELISA (vascular endothelial growth factor A, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 11) mediators. ADP-5 enhanced cell proliferation and remineralization; the 100 mu g/mL concentration was more efficient than 50 and 200 mu g/mL. The ADP-5 experimental hydrogel exhibited equivalent good biological behavior compared to Emdogain((R)) in terms of cell colonization, mineralization, and inflammatory profile. These findings revealed relevant insights regarding the ADP-5 biological behavior. From a clinical perspective, these outcomes could instigate the development of novel functionalized scaffold for periodontal regeneration.

Automated summary

This study investigated the effect of a synthetic amelogenin-derived peptide (ADP-5) on periodontal cell behavior and compared it to a commercial gel Emdogain((R)). The findings showed that ADP-5 enhanced cell proliferation and remineralization, and the ADP-5 experimental hydrogel exhibited similar biological behavior to Emdogain((R)) in terms of cell colonization, mineralization, and inflammatory profile.