Innovating for the greater good: Examining innovation champions and what motivates them

Governments have increasingly tasked the not-for-profit sector with supporting the provision of public goods and services. Alongside this role, not-for-profits have faced increasingly challenging external contexts, including heightened competition and tighter funding regimes. This makes effective innovation critical for the successful delivery of social goods within this setting particularly, and in other public service-oriented organisations more broadly. However, we know little about how innovation occurs in such contexts and even less about the motivations of those who choose to expend the effort to drive innovation there. This study examines the motivations of a key innovation agent, the innovation champion, in the challenging and dynamic not-for-profit context. Via a multi-case study, qualitative approach with 46 interviews, we utilise self-determination theory to surface what motivates innovation champions to develop and drive new idea generation and implementation. The motivations for championing innovations in not-for-profits are varied, spanning intrinsic, prosocial, and other extrinsic drivers. With wider implications for public service-oriented organisations, our work also suggests that champions in such contexts are variably motivated throughout an innovation project and appear to be simultaneously intrinsically and prosocially motivated. We also find that boredom, or its avoidance, can motivate champions toward innovative activities. Innovation champions, with their passion for change and desire for stimulation, are a valuable agent to foster innovation and combat organisational inertia.Providing autonomous time, away from scheduled tasks and formal role requirements, can provide employees with the 'cognitive space' or 'slack time' required for innovative thinking.Fostering innovation championing can contribute to enhanced employee engagement and a sense of fulfilment in one's role.Innovation champions are not motivated in any one single way; their motivations span from self-interest to contributing to a 'greater good'. Where consistency exists, such individuals share an underlying passion for change and a desire to avoid boredom.Leaders can clearly articulate the organisation's mission as one way to enhance champion motivation, particularly where their work has longer term and/or indirect value to target beneficiaries.

Automated summary

Governments have increasingly relied on the not-for-profit sector to provide public goods and services. However, not-for-profits face challenging external contexts and little is known about how innovation occurs in these settings and the motivations of those driving innovation. This study examines the motivations of innovation champions in the not-for-profit context and finds that they are variably motivated by intrinsic, prosocial, and other extrinsic drivers. Innovation champions play a crucial role in fostering innovation and leaders can enhance their motivation by articulating the organization's mission and providing autonomy.