期刊
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
卷 46, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2022.103706
关键词
Domestication; Wolf; Dog; Chronology; Lower Magdalenian; Ancient DNA; Basque Country
类别
资金
- Basque Government [IT 1693-22]
- Spanish Government (FPU, Ministerio de Ciencia Innovaci 'on y Universidades)
In this study, a dog fossil from the site of Erralla in Spain was examined using morphology, radiocarbon dating, and genetics. The results confirmed that this specimen represents one of the earliest domesticated dogs in Europe, supporting the idea that dogs were the first species to be domesticated by humans.
Dogs are known to be the first species domesticated by humans, although the geographic and temporal origin of this process is still under debate in different fields of knowledge. In the present study, we examined a humerus from a canid recovered in the Lower Magdalenian level of the site of Erralla (Zestoa, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain), combining morphology, radiocarbon dating and genetics. Our results confirm the identification of this specimen as Canis lupus familiaris, discarding miss-identification with a dhole (Cuon alpinus) through genetic analyses of cytochrome b gene and mtDNA haplogroup. The direct AMS 14C dating (17,410-17,096 cal. BP) indicated that the Erralla specimen represents one of the earliest domesticated dogs in Europe, in the Lower Cantabrian Magdalenian period. We discuss our results in the light of the debate of the origin of dogs, conducting a critical review of the datings of sites of Eurasia that have provided remains of Paleolithic and Mesolithic dogs, including the so-called dog-like wolves.
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