Key Factors in Early Diagnosis of Myopia Progression within Ocular Biometric Parameters by Scheimpflug Technology

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between myopia and ocular biometric variables using the Pentacam AXL((R)) single rotation Scheimpflug camera. This prospective, cross-sectional, single-center study was performed in fifty Caucasian patients aged between 18 and 30 years (24.84 +/- 3.04 years). The measured variables included maximum and minimum keratometry (K1 and K2, respectively), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal horizontal diameter or white to white (WTW), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal asphericity (Q), and axial length (AXL). The tomographic and biometric measurements were considered optimal when the quality factor was greater than 95% according to the manufacturer's software instructions. The AXL presented a significant correlation with the spherical equivalent without cycloplegia (SE without CP), age at onset of myopia (r = -0.365, p = 0.012), mean keratometry (Km) (r = -0.339, p = 0.016), ACD (r = 0.304, p = 0.032), and WTW (r = 0.406, p = 0.005). The eyes with AXL higher than 25 mm had earlier onset; higher SE without CP, AXL, and Q; and a flatter Km. AXL is the biometric variable with the greatest influence on the final refractive state in the adult myopic eye. Ophthalmologists and optometric management must consider these biometric differences in order to identify the most appropriate correction techniques in each case. The use of the Pentacam AXL in ocular biometric measurement is effective, reproducible, and non-invasive.

Automated summary

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between myopia and ocular biometric variables. The Pentacam AXL((R)) single rotation Scheimpflug camera was used for this study. The results showed that axial length (AXL) had a significant correlation with spherical equivalent without cycloplegia (SE), age at onset of myopia, mean keratometry (Km), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and corneal horizontal diameter (WTW). AXL was found to have the greatest influence on the final refractive state in adult myopic eyes.