期刊
PHARMACEUTICALS
卷 15, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ph15121542
关键词
therapeutic; vaccine; patent review; hepatitis B infection; clinical trial
Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a major global health concern, causing liver cirrhosis and malignancy. Despite the availability of a preventative vaccine, a significant percentage of the global population still suffers from chronic HBV infection, leading to long-term complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Current therapies are insufficient in achieving functional cure for most patients, highlighting the urgent need for novel medications.
Viral hepatitis has long been underrated as a danger to global health. The UN only recently called for worldwide action to tackle viral hepatitis and lessen the disease burden in its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which causes liver cirrhosis and malignancy, is a main cause of death globally. This review analyses innovative HBV therapeutic vaccine candidates for which a patent was filed between January 2010 and March 2022 and presents future improvement techniques for vaccine efficacy. Although there is a preventative vaccine for HBV infection, over 3% of people worldwide have the disease on a long-term basis and can no longer benefit from it. Most people will have chronic HBV infection for the rest of their lives once it has been diagnosed. Moreover, only a small percentage of treated patients experience a functional cure with persistent hepatitis B surface antigen reduction. A significant proportion of deaths are caused by liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer, which are both caused by chronic hepatitis B infection. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel medications due to the inadequacies of the current therapies.
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