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Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Scott A. Halperin et al.
Summary: The Ad5-nCoV vaccine showed a 57.5% efficacy against PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection at least 28 days post-vaccination and demonstrated safety in healthy adults aged 18 years and older during the phase 3 trial.
Article
Pediatrics
Jose Moreno-Montoya et al.
Summary: The study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood vaccination coverage in Colombia, showing an overall decline of approximately 14.4% from 2019 to 2020. Different age groups, rural/urban areas, and vaccine types experienced varying degrees of reduction in vaccination coverage. The findings suggest the need for continued monitoring of immunization program coverage and catch-up vaccination activities to prevent vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks during the pandemic.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marcela Zuniga et al.
Summary: Among healthcare workers in Chile, those working in hospitals face the highest risk of COVID-19. The study also identified several independent risk factors associated with seropositivity and/or PCR positivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Denis Saure et al.
Summary: The study in Chile found that individuals who received the CoronaVac vaccine had a lower IgG seropositivity compared to those who received the BNT162b2 vaccine. Over time, the IgG seropositivity for CoronaVac recipients declined, while those who received BNT162b2 maintained high levels of IgG positivity. Further monitoring of IgG levels will help in evaluating vaccine effectiveness and exploring potential adjustments to vaccination strategies in the future.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edson D. Moreira et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jose Arturo Molina-Mora
Summary: This study identified a predominant genotype carrying the mutation T1117I in the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in Costa Rica. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that this mutation had certain effects on the biology of the virus.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Balboa-Castillo et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has had a severe impact on Latin American and Caribbean countries due to healthcare system unpreparedness and inadequate social safety nets. Factors such as genetic and biological factors interacting with social determinants of health play a role in the spread and severity of COVID-19. Behavioral factors like physical inactivity, smoking, and unhealthy diets are linked to chronic systemic inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Omar Yassef Antunez-Montes et al.
Summary: This study found a more severe form of COVID-19 and a high number of MIS-C cases in Latin American children compared to studies from China, Europe, and North America, indicating a more severe disease in Latin/Hispanic children or those of lower socioeconomic status. There is an urgent need for more data on COVID-19 in Latin America.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Merryn Voysey et al.
Summary: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine has been shown to have an acceptable safety profile and effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19, with higher efficacy observed in the group that received a low dose followed by a standard dose.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lewis F. Buss et al.
Summary: Research indicates that the attack rate of COVID-19 in Manaus, the capital of Amazonas state in northern Brazil, reached 66% in June 2020, rising to 76% by October, higher than the estimated attack rate of 29% in Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil, during the same period.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Katherine Laiton-Donato et al.
Summary: The emergence of the B.1.621 lineage, considered a variant of interest (VOI), with substitutions affecting the Spike protein, has the potential to impact the epidemiology of the virus. In cities near theoretical herd immunity, this lineage has rapidly increased in frequency, indicating a possible epidemiologic impact. Further studies are needed to assess the biological and epidemiologic roles of the substitutions found in the B.1.621 lineage.
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kovy Arteaga-Livias et al.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yvette N. Lamb
Summary: BNT162b2, a lipid nanoparticle-formulated mRNA vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, has received emergency use authorization in multiple countries for individuals aged 16 and older to prevent COVID-19.
Article
Immunology
Maria L. Avila-Aguero et al.
Summary: The Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectology (SLIPE) is actively working to prevent the recurrence of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and to maintain vaccine coverage in the region. Experts emphasize the importance of vaccination campaigns, urging governments, scientific societies, and physicians to promote vaccination programs to prevent outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. With the imminent arrival of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, ensuring sufficient doses availability in disadvantaged areas is crucial.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ann R. Falsey et al.
Summary: The clinical trial in the United States, Chile, and Peru showed that the AZD1222 vaccine was both safe and effective in preventing symptomatic and severe Covid-19 cases, with an overall estimated efficacy of 74% and a higher efficacy of 83.5% in participants 65 years of age or older. The high vaccine efficacy was consistent across various demographic subgroups, and antibodies increased significantly after each dose.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Olivier J. Wouters et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic may not end globally until vaccines that protect against severe disease and drive herd immunity are widely distributed. While vaccines have been authorized for human use in many countries, achieving global control of COVID-19 requires not only licensed vaccines but also mass production, affordable pricing, global allocation, and wide local deployment.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Ester C. Sabino et al.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Yang Liu et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andres Vecino-Ortiz et al.
Summary: Contact tracing is crucial in public health surveillance, and this study from a middle-income country shows that an increase in the proportion of cases identified through contact tracing is related to reductions in COVID-19 mortality. The results are robust to changes in specifications and inclusion of supply-side variables, indicating the importance of prioritizing contact tracing as a surveillance strategy for reducing deaths.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Camilo Castillo et al.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Luke Taylor
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Adriana Yock-Corrales et al.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the rates of antibiotic prescriptions in children with COVID-19 or MIS-C. The study found a high rate of antibiotic use in these children, especially in those with severe disease or MIS-C. Factors associated with increased antibiotic use included the severity of the illness, need for intensive care, and administration of steroids.
Article
Virology
Simone Di Giacomo et al.
Summary: In this study, analysis of more than 1,000,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences deposited on the GISAID public repository up to April 27, 2021, revealed a novel T478K mutation located on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. The mutation has predominantly emerged in Mexico and the United States since January 2021, but has also been detected in several European countries.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carolina Torres et al.
Summary: Argentina conducted surveillance on SARS-CoV-2 variants, identifying Gamma and Lambda as the main variants, along with Alpha, Zeta, Epsilon, and more recently Delta. These variants predominated in different regions, with the emergence of Delta towards the end of the second wave, replacing Gamma and Lambda.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Severino Jefferson Ribeiro da Silva et al.
Summary: The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in Brazil facing an unprecedented public health crisis, with the collapse of the health system and the emergence of new variants posing significant challenges to the country.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gonzalo Mena et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted cities, with a strong association found between socioeconomic status and both disease incidence and mortality. People in lower socioeconomic municipalities were less likely to adhere to lockdown measures and faced higher testing delays and positivity rates. This highlights the critical consequences of socioeconomic inequalities on health outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rene M. Palacios Huatuco et al.
Summary: The second wave of COVID-19 in Argentina, starting in May, distinguishes the country from other Latin American countries, which may be experiencing the expected autumn-winter expansion. There is uncertainty about how the pandemic will evolve, contrasting with the expectations generated in society after the end of lockdown, including control of the health system and vaccine access. A group of surgical trainees raised concerns about the critical situation being faced.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bhaskar Thakur et al.
Summary: COVID-19 patients commonly have comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, with chronic kidney or other renal diseases, cerebrovascular accident, and cardiovascular disease associated with higher severity and mortality rates. There is considerable variation in comorbidity prevalence, severity, and mortality across different geographic regions, with the highest mortality observed in Latin American and European patients, particularly older adults and males. Risk stratification and control strategies for COVID-19 should consider comorbidities, age, and gender differences specific to geographical location.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Yeny Tejada-López et al.
Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marina Treskova-Schwarzbach et al.
Summary: This study used an umbrella review approach to summarize global evidence on the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with pre-existing health conditions. The risk of adverse COVID-19 health outcomes is consistently increased in certain patient subgroups across geographical regions, showing high variability in others. The results can help inform COVID-19 vaccine prioritization or other intervention strategies.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Susy Fanny Nunez-Zapata et al.
Summary: Research on seroprevalence in South America shows high levels of antibodies in some areas, but the region continues to be significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in countries like Brazil, Colombia, and Peru.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sheila de Castro Cardoso Toniasso et al.
Summary: This study assessed the prevalence of COVID-19 among healthcare workers (HCWs) after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, and found a significant reduction in COVID-19 cases among HCWs in the institution after the vaccine rollout. The statistical analysis using Poisson regression and Fisher's exact test showed the effectiveness of the vaccines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Carlos Padilla-Rojas et al.
Summary: The pandemic caused by SARS-Cov-2 has hit South America hard, with new variants raising concerns over evasion of vaccine protection, increased transmissibility, or higher virulence. Genomic surveillance in Peru revealed a significant rise of the lambda lineage, becoming predominant from January to April 2021, warranting close monitoring for potential variant of concern status.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Edgar P. Rodriguez-Vidales et al.
Summary: A study in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, investigated the prevalence and geographic distribution of IgG antibodies induced by natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic adults. The results showed an IgG antibody positivity rate of 27.1%, with a gradual increase over the study period and no differences by sex or age.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
The Lancet
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Carissa F. Etienne
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mine Durusu Tanriover et al.
Summary: The study presented the interim efficacy and safety results of the CoronaVac vaccine in a phase 3 clinical trial in Turkey, demonstrating high efficacy against PCR-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 with good safety and tolerability profile. Results showed significant differences in the frequency of any adverse events between the vaccine and placebo groups, indicating excellent protective effects of the vaccine.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandro Jara et al.
Summary: A study in Chile involving 10.2 million participants assessed the effectiveness of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine developed in China. Fully immunized individuals had vaccine effectiveness of 65.9% for preventing Covid-19 and 87.5% for preventing hospitalization, 90.3% for preventing ICU admission, and 86.3% for preventing death.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrew J. McArdle et al.
Summary: This international observational cohort study found no significant difference in the recovery from MIS-C after primary treatment with IVIG alone, IVIG plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone, although significant differences may emerge as more data accrue.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
S. J. Thomas et al.
Summary: BNT162b2 vaccine remains highly effective and safe over the course of 6 months post-vaccination, with efficacy rates ranging from 86% to 100% across different demographics and risk factors for Covid-19. The vaccine also shows a high efficacy against severe disease, with particularly promising results observed in South Africa against the B.1.351 variant.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Adriana Yock-Corrales et al.
Summary: This study highlights that children with COVID-19 or MIS-C may present with acute abdomen, which may not always be linked to appendicitis during surgery, especially in the case of MIS-C. Further research is needed to better understand children with acute abdomen during COVID-19 or MIS-C, in order to prevent delayed diagnosis of surgical conditions and reduce unnecessary surgeries.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joao Luiz Miraglia et al.
Summary: The second wave of COVID-19 has highlighted the challenges in achieving sustained control of the disease despite vaccination efforts. This population-based serosurvey found a higher prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals compared to earlier data, with a significant proportion of asymptomatic cases. It emphasized the importance of primary healthcare services for disease surveillance and the need for more targeted serosurveys in vulnerable areas, as well as evaluation of new surveillance strategies to account for asymptomatic cases.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. A. Fernandez-Nino et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of contact tracing in reducing COVID-19 fatality in Colombia and found that tracing at least five contacts per case can reduce fatality by 48%. Increasing the coverage and intensity of tracing is recommended as a strategy to mitigate fatality in Colombia.
Editorial Material
Virology
Daniele Focosi et al.
Summary: This study summarizes the in vitro evidence of efficacy for convalescent plasma, approved vaccines and monoclonal antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing guidance for treating physicians while awaiting real-world clinical efficacy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rachid Laajaj et al.
Summary: Latin America has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with limited estimations of infection rates available. A sentinel surveillance study in Bogota found that by March 2021, over half of the population had been infected, despite only a small fraction of cases being detected. This highlights the importance of detailed data in understanding the dynamics and impact of the pandemic.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth A. Rider et al.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Luke Taylor
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
News Item
Medicine, General & Internal
Luke Taylor
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Otavio Ranzani et al.
Summary: The study evaluates the effectiveness of the CoronaVac vaccine in the elderly population aged >= 70 years in Sao Paulo state, Brazil during widespread circulation of the gamma variant. The vaccine was found to significantly reduce the risk of symptomatic covid-19, hospital admissions, and deaths after completion of the two-dose regimen, but the effectiveness decreases with age among the elderly population.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David A. Siegel et al.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jesus Castilla et al.
Summary: This prospective study in Spain found that certain demographic factors and chronic conditions were associated with higher risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and death. It identified groups such as the older population, nursing home residents, and individuals with specific health conditions as priorities for COVID-19 prevention and vaccination. The study also highlighted the need for additional support for immigrants in terms of preventive measures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Junia Aparecida Laia da Mata et al.
Summary: The creation of a strategic action in Brazil aimed at training and keeping records of health workers during the Covid-19 pandemic led to a wave of early graduations in health professions. Reflective findings suggest that government initiatives exacerbate problems in nursing education, hindering improvements in working conditions for nurses.
INTERFACE-COMUNICACAO SAUDE EDUCACAO
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tabare Vazquez Rosas et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had a significant impact on cancer treatment and screening in the Latin American region, leading to a significant reduction in first-time visits to oncology services, pathology, cancer surgery, chemotherapy, and cancer screening tests. If this trend continues, it will place a heavy burden on healthcare services in the postpandemic period.
JCO GLOBAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Immunology
Natalia Rego et al.
Summary: The study presents a genomic surveillance program for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in Uruguay, including a PCR method for VOCs, surveillance workflow, and the multiple introductions and community transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 P.1 VOC in Uruguay.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leticia Cuellar et al.
Summary: In 2020, Ecuador had a 64% excess death rate compared to expected, with men having a higher rate than women. Indigenous populations in Ecuador showed nearly four times the excess death rate of the majority mestizo group.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Esteban Ortiz-Prado et al.
Summary: The United States, Canada, Mexico, and Brazil are the top vaccine producers in the Americas with strict regulations, while Cuba, Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia have relatively high self-sufficiency rates in vaccine production within Latin American countries. Other Latin American countries struggle to meet vaccine demands, focusing more on distribution within their health systems. The study indicates increasing demand for vaccines due to population growth and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, posing challenges for vaccine production and distribution in the American continent.
TROPICAL DISEASES TRAVEL MEDICINE AND VACCINES
(2021)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Diego Andres Diaz-Guio et al.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patricia J. Garcia et al.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Ariel Pablos-Mendez et al.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Luke Taylor
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Gisela Canedo-Marroquin et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Noe Atamari-Anahui et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Megan O'Driscoll et al.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jaqueline Goes de Jesus et al.
REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO
(2020)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Maria de los Angeles Cortes et al.
Article
Immunology
Gary S. Marshall et al.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2007)