期刊
JOURNAL OF FUNGI
卷 9, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jof9010052
关键词
lignin; pathway enzymes; defense metabolites; plant immunity
Fungal infections cause significant yield loss in crops, and plants respond by producing protective metabolites such as lignin. Recent research focuses on modifying the lignin pathway to enhance plant defense against pathogens. This review summarizes the latest studies on monolignol regulatory genes and their contributions to fungi immunity, and expands the frontier of lignin pathway engineering for plant defense.
Fungi infections cause approximately 60-70% yield loss through diseases such as rice blast, powdery mildew, Fusarium rot, downy mildew, etc. Plants naturally respond to these infections by eliciting an array of protective metabolites to confer physical or chemical protection. Among plant metabolites, lignin, a phenolic compound, thickens the middle lamella and the secondary cell walls of plants to curtail fungi infection. The biosynthesis of monolignols (lignin monomers) is regulated by genes whose transcript abundance significantly improves plant defense against fungi. The catalytic activities of lignin biosynthetic enzymes also contribute to the accumulation of other defense compounds. Recent advances focus on modifying the lignin pathway to enhance plant growth and defense against pathogens. This review presents an overview of monolignol regulatory genes and their contributions to fungi immunity, as reported over the last five years. This review expands the frontiers in lignin pathway engineering to enhance plant defense.
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