Predictive Value of Annenxin A1 for Disease Severity and Prognosis in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia

This prospective, single-center study evaluated the clinical utility of annenxin (Anx)A1 level as a biomarker for determining the severity of illness and predicting the risk of death in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A total of 105 patients (53 with severe [S]CAP, 52 with non-SCAP) were enrolled from December 2020 to June 2021. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serum AnxA1 concentration on days one and six after admission was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AnxA1 level at admission was significantly higher in SCAP patients than in non-SCAP patients (p < 0.001) irrespective of CAP etiology and was positively correlated with Pneumonia Severity Index and Confusion, Uremia, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, and Age >= 65 Years score. AnxA1 level was significantly lower on day six after treatment than on day one (p = 0.01). Disease severity was significantly higher in patents with AnxA1 level >= 254.13 ng/mL than in those with a level <254.13 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis of 30-day mortality showed that AnxA1 level <= 670.84 ng/mL was associated with a significantly higher survival rate than a level >670.84 ng/mL. These results indicate that AnxA1 is a useful biomarker for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of CAP.

Automated summary

This study assessed the clinical utility of AnxA1 level as a biomarker for determining the severity of illness and predicting the risk of death in hospitalized patients with CAP. The results showed that AnxA1 level at admission was significantly higher in severe CAP patients and correlated with disease severity scores. AnxA1 level decreased after treatment and was associated with 30-day mortality. These findings suggest that AnxA1 is a useful biomarker for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of CAP.