The Entity of Connshing Syndrome: Primary Aldosteronism with Autonomous Cortisol Secretion

Article Surgery

Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism Due to Bilateral Adrenal Disease Can Result in Resolution of Hypokalemia and Amelioration of Hypertension

Thomas Szabo Yamashita et al.

Summary: Unilateral adrenalectomy in the setting of bilateral hyperaldosteronism can improve blood pressure control and stabilize potassium levels in selected patients.

WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY (2023)

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Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

A New Spin on Adrenal Vein Sampling

Scott O. Trerotola

CARDIOVASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Expression of CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 in adrenal adenoma correlates with clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism

Chang Ho Ahn et al.

Summary: Variable expression of steroidogenic enzymes in adrenal adenoma underlies the clinical heterogeneity of PA and is associated with treatment outcomes. CYP11B1 expression was positively correlated with the severity of hypercortisolemia, and CYP11B2 was positively correlated with that of hyperaldosteronism. Patients with absent clinical improvement after adrenalectomy had lower CYP11B2 expression than those with complete success.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Mass spectrometry-based cortisol profiling during adrenal venous sampling reveals misdiagnosis for subtyping primary aldosteronism

Ying Ma et al.

Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 72 patients with PA who underwent AVS, finding that ACTH stimulation during AVS improved success rates. Immunoassays and LC-MS/MS showed linear correlation at cortisol concentrations <1750 nmol/L, but no correlation at concentrations >17,500 nmol/L. Both methods were consistent for detecting cortisol in evaluating AVS cannulation success, but discordant lateralization was observed in some cases. Ultimately, LC-MS/MS results may be more appropriate for final decision-making.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

High Prevalence of Autonomous Aldosterone Production in Hypertension: How to Identify and Treat It

Taweesak Wannachalee et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) has a significant impact on millions of people worldwide and can lead to cardiovascular and renal complications. This review emphasizes the importance of screening for PA in high-risk populations and discusses personalized treatment options. Screening with plasma aldosterone and renin allows targeted therapy for PA, reducing cardiovascular and renal risks.

CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Screening Rate for Primary Aldosteronism Among Patients With Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension: Retrospective Analysis of Current Practice

Kidmealem Zekarias et al.

Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the screening rate for primary aldosteronism (PA) among patients with resistant hypertension, and determine the rate of positive screening test results. The results showed a low screening rate for PA among patients with resistant hypertension, highlighting the need for clinical and public health strategies to improve screening rates.

ENDOCRINE PRACTICE (2022)

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Article Oncology

Aldosterone-producing nodules and CYP11B1 signaling correlate in primary aldosteronism

Jui-Hsiang Lin et al.

Summary: This study found that one-third of patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism (uPA) also had autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). The presence of multiple aldosterone-producing nodules/micronodules (mAPN/mAPM) in these patients was associated with larger tumor sizes and the interaction between them. Transcriptome analysis and bioinformatics revealed the significance of the HSD3B7/CYP11B1 signaling pathway in uPA adenomas with surrounding mAPN/mAPM. Furthermore, patients with concomitant mAPN/mAPM had lower rates of biochemical success after surgery.

ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pathophysiology of Mild Hypercortisolism: From the Bench to the Bedside

Vittoria Favero et al.

Summary: Mild hypercortisolism refers to abnormal cortisol secretion without the overt manifestations of Cushing's syndrome. It is commonly found in patients with adrenal incidentalomas and incidentally discovered pituitary tumors. The pathogenesis of hypercortisolism of pituitary origin is still unclear, while advances have been made in understanding the genetic background of adrenal adenomas causing mild hypercortisolism. The clinical consequences of mild hypercortisolism include bone fragility, arterial hypertension, subclinical atherosclerosis, cardiovascular remodeling, dyslipidemia, glucose metabolism impairment, visceral adiposity, infections, muscle damage, mood disorders, and coagulation.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Selective Glucocorticoid Replacement Following Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Hypercortisolism and Primary Aldosteronism

Olivia M. DeLozier et al.

Summary: POD1-CST can identify patients at risk for AI after UA and allow for selective GR. One-quarter of patients with OH and nearly half of patients with MACE can forgo GR after UA. Evaluation for AI is not required for patients with PA if concurrent HC has been excluded preoperatively.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Postoperative adrenal insufficiency in Conn's syndrome-does it occur frequently?

Tomas Zelinka et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of endocrine hypertension, and recent studies have shown normal postoperative cortisol levels in PA patients, indicating no suspicion of adrenal insufficiency. Despite frequent clinically significant adrenal insufficiency after adrenalectomy in PA patients, postoperative cortisol values in this study did not suggest any adrenal insufficiency concerns.

JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism

Marta Araujo-Castroa et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism is the most common cause of secondary arterial hypertension and is associated with a higher cardio-metabolic risk compared to essential arterial hypertension. This review summarizes the available data on the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, from screening to confirmatory study and localization.

MEDICINA CLINICA (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Letter to the Editor: Very high cortisol concentration in adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism-physiological or pathological

Tejas Kalaria et al.

IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Apparent failed and discordant adrenal vein sampling: A potential confounding role of cortisol cosecretion?

Gregory A. Kline et al.

Summary: An algorithm was developed using biochemical data from AVS and CT images to detect cortisol cosecretion as a potential explanation for discordant lateralisation results in PA. Applied to discordant cases, the algorithm suggested possible cortisol cosecretion in 40% of cases, indicating that cortisol cosecretion from aldosteronomas may be a common explanation for discordant results.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

An Update on Refractory Hypertension

Faris Matanes et al.

Summary: Refractory hypertension (RfHTN) refers to the condition where blood pressure remains uncontrolled despite using at least 5 different classes of antihypertensive medications, including a long-acting thiazide diuretic and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) at maximal or maximally tolerated doses. Unlike resistant hypertension (RHTN), RfHTN is largely caused by increased sympathetic activity and is associated with a higher prevalence of target organ damage.

CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Impact of Primary Aldosteronism in Resistant Hypertension

Konstantinos Stavropoulos et al.

Summary: The review summarized the latest data on the association between primary aldosteronism and resistant hypertension, emphasizing the importance of screening all patients with resistant hypertension for primary aldosteronism. Epidemiological data suggests that up to 20% of patients with resistant hypertension may have primary aldosteronism. Patients with this condition are at increased risk of renal disease, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and obstructive sleep apnea, and they also have extended target organ damage and higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Specific treatments, such as adrenalectomy and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, can significantly reduce blood pressure, reverse target organ damage, and mitigate cardiovascular risk. Therefore, evaluating all patients with resistant hypertension for primary aldosteronism is crucial for improving their quality of life and cardiovascular profile.

CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Pituitary Tumors

Sylvia L. Asa et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the changes in the 5th Edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors related to the pituitary gland, including the classification of pituitary lobe tumors and the detailed subtyping based on tumor cell lineage, cell type, and characteristics.

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Adrenal Cortical Tumors

Ozgur Mete et al.

Summary: The new WHO classification of adrenal cortical proliferations reflects translational advances in endocrine pathology, oncology, and molecular biology. It highlights the understanding of adrenal cortex pathologies through histological features, ancillary studies, and genetic findings, leading to advances in knowledge of these conditions. The classification redefines the spectrum of adrenal cortical nodular disease, emphasizing the importance of accurate assessment of tumor proliferation rate and diagnostic biomarkers in the workup of adrenal cortical neoplasms.

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary aldosteronism with mild autonomous cortisol secretion increases renal complication risk

Takuyuki Katabami et al.

Summary: This study found that the simultaneous occurrence of mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) increases the risk of renal complications in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). Patients with MACS and higher aldosterone secretion are more likely to develop renal complications.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Autonomous cortisol secretion is associated with worse arterial stiffness and vascular fibrosis in primary aldosteronism: a cross-sectional study with follow-up data

Cheng-Hsuan Tsai et al.

Summary: The presence of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) is associated with worse arterial stiffness and vascular remodeling. Patients with ACS have higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and more severe vascular fibrosis.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Case Report: Primary Aldosteronism Due to Bilateral Aldosterone-Producing Micronodules With HISTALDO Classical and Contralateral Non-Classical Pathology

Yi-Ju Chen et al.

Summary: This study reported a PA patient with concomitant ACS, showing that bilateral APM may coexist with histopathologically classical and non-classical PA adenomas with different somatic mutations.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Exploration of KCNJ5 Somatic Mutation and CYP11B1/CYP11B2 Staining in Multiple Nodules in Primary Aldosteronism

Jing Xie et al.

Summary: There is significant heterogeneity among nodules in patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism (PA). Countable nodules can be considered as multiple aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs), featuring somatic KCNJ5 mutation, positive CYP11B2 staining, and lack of adjacent cortical proliferation in unilateral multiple nodules.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genetic Alterations in Benign Adrenal Tumors

Georgia Pitsava et al.

Summary: The genetic basis of most types of adrenal adenomas has been studied, revealing associations with specific molecular defects. Genetic variants affecting the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway have been linked to adrenal gland pathologies. Additionally, genes related to aldosterone production have been identified as causes of primary aldosteronism.

BIOMEDICINES (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Case Report: Primary Aldosteronism and Subclinical Cushing Syndrome in a 49-Year-Old Woman With Hypertension Plus Hypokalaemia

Lihua Hu et al.

Summary: This case report describes a rare case of a 49-year-old woman with coexisting primary aldosteronism and subclinical Cushing's syndrome caused by bilateral adrenocortical adenomas. After surgical treatment, the patient's blood pressure and kidney function returned to normal, controlled only with irbesartan.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Subtyping primary aldosteronism by inconclusive adrenal vein sampling: A derivation and validation study in a tertiary centre

Karin Zibar Tomsic et al.

Summary: Objective indices based on aldosterone/cortisol concentration in the adrenal vein and inferior vena cava can be used to determine the subtype of primary aldosteronism. The study provides cutoff values that can predict the aetiology of the disease and determine the location and involvement of the lesions.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Usefulness and accuracy of segmental adrenal venous sampling on localisation and functional diagnosis of various adrenal lesions in primary aldosteronism

H. Tannai et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the high accuracy and reliability of segmental adrenal venous sampling (sAVS) in localization and functional diagnosis of adrenal lesions, especially in predicting aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). The APA group showed significant differences in clinical and biochemical characteristics compared to other patient groups, indicating the effectiveness of sAVS in identifying functionally active tissues.

CLINICAL RADIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cortisol-producing adenoma-related somatic mutations in unilateral primary aldosteronism with concurrent autonomous cortisol secretion: their prevalence and clinical characteristics

Wan-Chen Wu et al.

Summary: The study found that CPA-related mutations were detected in 36.7% of uPA/ACS adenomas. The presence of these mutations was associated with higher post-DST cortisol levels, larger adenoma sizes, and a high percentage of non-classical uPA. However, these mutations did not significantly affect the clinical and biochemical outcomes after adrenalectomy of uPA/ACS patients but they showed a better trend.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Performance of Confirmatory Tests for Diagnosing Primary Aldosteronism: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alexander A. Leung et al.

Summary: This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of confirmatory tests for primary aldosteronism and finds that the current evidence supporting these tests is of low quality. The study reveals significant variations in how these tests are conducted, interpreted, and verified, leading to a higher risk of missed diagnoses. Therefore, the recommendations for confirmatory testing need to be reevaluated and reconsidered.

HYPERTENSION (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: definitely a genetic disease

Isadora P. Cavalcante et al.

Summary: Recent progress in understanding the genetics of PBMAH has led to a better understanding of its pathophysiology and opened new clinical perspectives.

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Quality of life impairment after a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome

Susan M. Webb et al.

Summary: This brief review focuses on recent publications in the last five years that discuss health-related quality of life (QoL) in individuals diagnosed with endogenous hypercortisolism, specifically pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease (CD) or any other cause of Cushing syndrome (CS). Despite improvements from treatment, individuals still experience physical morbidity, neurocognitive problems, and decreased stress tolerance, leading to long-term impairment of QoL.

PITUITARY (2022)

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Article Surgery

American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for Adrenalectomy Executive Summary

Linwah Yip et al.

Summary: This study aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for adrenalectomy to enhance its appropriateness, safety, and effectiveness. A total of 26 recommendations were developed through investigation and research on relevant clinical concerns, aiming to assist surgeons in perioperative adrenal care.

JAMA SURGERY (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Pathogenesis of Primary Aldosteronism: Impact on Clinical Outcome

Lucas S. Santana et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary arterial hypertension, and recent advances in understanding its pathogenesis, including genetic mutations and the activation of calcium signaling, have expanded our knowledge of familial hyperaldosteronism. Additionally, the use of CYP11B2 staining to guide genetic investigations of adrenal lesions has had a significant impact on our understanding of PA.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Risk Factors Associated With Lower Bone Mineral Density in Primary Aldosteronism Patients

Xiaomei Lv et al.

Summary: This study aimed to explore the risk factors for lower bone mineral density (BMD) in primary aldosteronism (PA) patients. The results showed that PA patients had lower BMD compared to essential hypertension (EH) patients, and this was associated with age, serum phosphorus, urinary calcium excretion, mean platelet volume (MPV), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total bilirubin (TBIL).

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Is the Adrenal Incidentaloma Functionally Active? An Approach-To-The-Patient-Based Review

Stella Bernardi et al.

Summary: Adrenal incidentalomas are common, with most being benign and not requiring surgery. However, some are functionally active, including hormone-secreting adenomas and malignant nodules. All patients should undergo screening and confirmatory tests to exclude the presence of a functionally active mass. Multidisciplinary meetings are advocated to improve perioperative management.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Influence of cortisol cosecretion on non-ACTH-stimulated adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism: a retrospective cohort study

Daniel Alexander Heinrich et al.

Summary: Cortisol cosecretion may influence non-ACTH-stimulated adrenal venous samplings (AVS) results, potentially leading to misclassified lateralized cases as bilateral. Further research on substitutes for cortisol is needed to understand its effects on clinical outcomes.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Aldosterone as a Mediator of Cardiovascular Damage

Fabrizio Buffolo et al.

Summary: In addition to its role in regulating water, sodium, and potassium levels, aldosterone also has an impact on various physiological and pathological processes in the cardiovascular system. High levels of aldosterone are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, while mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists can reduce this risk.

HYPERTENSION (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Two cases of aldosterone and cortisol producing adenoma with different histopathological features: A case report

Hongjiao Gao et al.

Summary: This study reports the clinical features and immunohistochemistry results of two patients with A/CPA, revealing the relationship between A/CPA and calcium metabolism disorders. These findings provide new clues for the pathogenesis of the disease and emphasize the importance of including A/CPA in the classification of PA.

MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effect of Intraprocedural Cortisol Measurement on ACTH-stimulated Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism

Mitsuhiro Kometani et al.

Summary: A multicenter observational study found that intraprocedural cortisol measurement (ICM) significantly increased the success rate of adrenal vein sampling (AVS). However, ICM had no significant impact on subtype diagnosis. Therefore, the use of ICM during AVS is recommended.

JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Successful Adrenal Vein Sampling Using Dexamethasone Premedication in Patients With Iodine Contrast Media Allergy

Nada Younes et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of using high-dose dexamethasone premedication for AVS in patients with ICM allergy. The results showed that this method can diagnose the source of aldosterone excess in a safe and accurate manner.

JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Clinical analysis of the etiological spectrum of bilateral adrenal lesions: A large retrospective, single-center study

Fangfang Yan et al.

Summary: This retrospective study analyzed 777 hospitalized patients with bilateral adrenal lesions and found that benign lesions and metastases from the lungs were the most common causes. Primary aldosteronism and primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia were the most prevalent functional lesions. Patients with lymphoma or metastases were older and had larger masses.

ENDOCRINE (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Classic and current concepts in adrenal steroidogenesis: a reappraisal

Claudio E. Kater et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the biosynthesis and pathology of adrenal steroids, focusing on the control mechanisms and distribution of enzymes and cofactors. It highlights the presence of a mineralocorticoid pathway in the zona fasciculata and discusses the differences between CYP11B1 and CYP11B2. The paper also discusses new findings in adrenal androgen synthesis and the deficiencies of enzyme cofactors.

ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism

Marta Araujo-Castro et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary arterial hypertension and is associated with a higher cardio-metabolic risk compared to essential arterial hypertension (EHT) patients. High clinical suspicion for PA is necessary, and confirmatory tests should be performed if an elevated aldosterone/renin ratio is confirmed. Localization study, including CT and AVS, is the final step in diagnosing PA.

MEDICINA CLINICA (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Significance of aldosterone gradient within left adrenal vein in diagnosing unilateral subtype of primary aldosteronism

Masatoshi Ogata et al.

Summary: The study suggests that a significant left adrenal vein absolute aldosterone gradient may indicate unilateral excess aldosterone, especially in patients with spontaneous hypokalemia or left unilateral disease on computed tomography. This finding can be a useful tool in diagnosing the left unilateral subtype of primary aldosteronism during adrenal vein sampling.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Surgery

Not all laparoscopic adrenalectomies are equal: analysis of postoperative outcomes based on tumor functionality

Jessica Limberg et al.

Summary: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe operation with low mortality and complication rates, but postoperative risks differ between tumor subtypes, so patients should be counseled accordingly.

SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impact of primary aldosteronism on renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes

Sho Katsuragawa et al.

Summary: The study found that primary aldosteronism (PA) is an independent risk factor for renal dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with PA had significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rates compared to those without PA, indicating the importance of recognizing and addressing PA in preventing the progression of renal failure.

JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

A multidisciplinary approach to the management of adrenal incidentaloma

Giacomo Voltan et al.

Summary: This review discusses the characteristics, prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations for adrenal incidentalomas, with a focus on the multidisciplinary approach and evaluation of malignant and functioning forms of the disease.

EXPERT REVIEW OF ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Repeat Adrenal Vein Sampling in Aldosteronism: Reproducibility and Interpretation of Persistently Discordant Results

Gregory A. Kline et al.

Summary: Repeat adrenal vein sampling (AVS) shows moderate correlation in biochemical results and diagnostic lateralization between the first and second procedures, indicating high repeatability and success rate in patients with primary aldosteronism.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Management and Medical Therapy of Mild Hypercortisolism

Vittoria Favero et al.

Summary: Mild hypercortisolism (mHC) is characterized by excessive cortisol secretion without the typical symptoms of Cushing's syndrome, increasing the risk of various health issues. Testing cortisol levels after a 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test is the preferred method of diagnosis, with surgery and medical therapy being common treatment options for patients with mHC.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Hypertension with unilateral adrenal aldosterone and cortisol cosecreting adenoma: A case report

Zhe Hu et al.

Summary: This case report describes a patient with unilateral adrenal aldosterone and cortisol co-secreting adenoma. After undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy, the patient's blood pressure and biochemical parameters returned to normal.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Assessment of mild autonomous cortisol secretion among incidentally discovered adrenal masses

Nicholas Yozamp et al.

Summary: Incidentally discovered adrenal masses may have mild autonomous cortisol secretion, leading to increased health risks. Testing for MACS and surgical adrenalectomy when necessary is recommended, while further studies with adequate randomization and follow-up are needed to determine optimal management strategies.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Steroid profiling in the diagnosis of mild and overt Cushing's syndrome

Shobana Athimulam et al.

Summary: Steroid profiling is valuable for diagnosing Cushing syndrome and autonomous cortisol secretion, with advances in mass spectrometry-based analysis and machine learning algorithms enabling tailored diagnostic approaches and monitoring of disease severity.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Quality of life in Cushing's syndrome

Margot Mc Bride et al.

Summary: Measurement of HRQoL is becoming increasingly important in clinical practice, placing patients at the center of decision-making by recognizing their needs. Patients with Cushing's syndrome experience severe physical and psychological morbidity which affects HRQoL, partly due to features associated with excessive cortisol.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

What Did We Learn from the Molecular Biology of Adrenal Cortical Neoplasia? From Histopathology to Translational Genomics

C. Christofer Juhlin et al.

Summary: The incidence of adrenal cortical nodules in the general population is increasing, with complex symptomatology and specific considerations making their diagnosis challenging. Recent advancements in understanding the tumorigenesis of adrenal cortical tumors, including the application of molecular genetics and translational biomarkers, have greatly improved diagnostic capabilities. Comprehensive analyses combining histology, immunohistochemistry, and next-generation multi-omic analyses are necessary to properly distinguish malignancy in some cases.

ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Autonomous Cortisol Secretion Influences Psychopathological Symptoms in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism

Pauline Gendreitzig et al.

Summary: The study found that treatment of PA significantly improved anxiety, depression, and quality of life scores in patients. Patients with ACS showed more pronounced improvement in anxiety and depression compared to those without ACS. Significant differences in depression and anxiety scores were also observed between sexes.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

The mineralocorticoid receptor-an emerging player in metabolic syndrome?

Moe Thuzar et al.

Summary: The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays a crucial role in metabolic syndrome, contributing to adiposity, inflammation, and glucose intolerance. Evidence suggests that MR antagonists may have beneficial effects on energy and substrate homeostasis as well as cardiometabolic diseases.

JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Differential effects of reduced mineralocorticoid receptor activation by unilateral adrenalectomy vs mineralocorticoid antagonist treatment in patients with primary aldosteronism-Implications for depression and anxiety

Harald Murck et al.

Summary: The mineralocorticoid receptor and aldosterone, two key factors in the pathophysiology of depression, may be targeted for therapeutic interventions. Analysis of patient data revealed that different treatments for primary aldosteronism had varying effects on depression and anxiety symptoms, suggesting distinct mechanistic pathways for these two conditions mediated via the mineralocorticoid receptor.

JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Molecular Genetic and Genomic Alterations in Cushing's Syndrome and Primary Aldosteronism

Crystal D. C. Kamilaris et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the genetic alterations that lead to the development of benign glucocorticoid and/or mineralocorticoid producing adrenocortical tumors and hyperplasias over the past two decades through advancements in genomics. It discusses the significance of intracellular calcium signaling and abnormal cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling in aldosterone and cortisol hypersecretion, identifying key causative defects in various genes. Additionally, it highlights the role of germline pathogenic variants in ARMC5 as a tumor suppressor in cortisol-producing primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Primary aldosteronism due to bilateral micronodular hyperplasia and concomitant subclinical Cushing's syndrome: A case report

Hiroki Teragawa et al.

Summary: Adrenal incidentaloma (AI) is frequently encountered in clinical practice, and primary aldosteronism (PA) or subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) are common causes. Coexistence of PA and SCS has been reported. We describe a case where both PA and SCS were confirmed by histopathological examination after laparoscopic adrenalectomy in a 58-year-old man presenting with lower right abdominal pain.

WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Adrenal disease: An update

Renata Libianto et al.

Australian Journal of General Practice (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Guideline-Driven Management of Hypertension An Evidence-Based Update

Robert M. Carey et al.

Summary: This review summarizes important findings on prevention, detection, and management of hypertension since 2017, analyzing research published between 2018 and 2021. The studies cover various aspects including blood pressure measurement, risk assessment, treatment targets, with the potential to increase awareness and control of hypertension.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Consensus on diagnosis and management of Cushing's disease: a guideline update

Maria Fleseriu et al.

Summary: Cushing's disease requires accurate diagnosis, careful treatment selection, and long-term management. The Pituitary Society convened a consensus workshop to discuss recent evidence and clinical practice. Recommendations regarding lab tests, imaging, and treatment options were collated and discussed, with focus on future research topics.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism

Martin Reincke et al.

Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Limited diagnostic utility of partially successful adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism subtyping

Tomaz Kocjan et al.

Summary: The use of suggested LAV/IVC index cut-offs did not predict lateralized PA with high accuracy as previously reported, suggesting limitations in its diagnostic utility.

ENDOKRYNOLOGIA POLSKA (2021)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Stimulated Adrenal Venous Sampling Underestimates Surgically Curable Primary Aldosteronism: A Retrospective Cohort Study and Review of Contemporary Studies

Nicholas Yozamp et al.

Summary: ACTH stimulation during adrenal venous sampling for primary aldosteronism can improve successful catheterization rates but may lead to decreased lateralization rates and potentially underestimate surgically remediable disease. Studies over the past 5 years have shown approximately 25% discordance in lateralization rates between unstimulated and stimulated sampling. The role of ACTH should primarily be limited to enhancing selectivity during adrenal venous sampling.

HYPERTENSION (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Performance of the Aldosterone to Renin Ratio as a Screening Test for Primary Aldosteronism

Annie Hung et al.

Summary: The sensitivity and specificity of the ARR as a screening test for primary aldosteronism vary widely, suggesting the need for individualized evaluation based on patient population and diagnostic criteria. Despite its limitations, recognizing the accuracy and reliability constraints of the ARR is crucial for informing clinical decision-making appropriately.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Progress on Genetic Basis of Primary Aldosteronism

Izabela Karwacka et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism is a group of disorders caused by the autonomous overproduction of aldosterone, most commonly due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia or aldosterone-producing adenoma. Recent progress in understanding the genetic basis of PA has identified ion channel mutations as a major cause of aldosterone-producing adenomas, with several genes implicated in both sporadic and familial cases. These new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PA may have implications for diagnosis and therapy.

BIOMEDICINES (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenal Venous Sampling for Subtype Diagnosis of Primary Hyperaldosteronism

Mitsuhide Naruse et al.

Summary: AVS is crucial for lateralization of PA, with CT and intraoperative cortisol assay aiding catheterization success; ACTH administration may improve success rate, but unilateral cases could be mistakenly diagnosed as bilateral; Patients <35 years with hypokalemia, adrenal nodule, and high aldosterone may have unilateral disease, while patients with normokalemia, mild aldosterone excess, and no adrenal tumor on CT may have bilateral disease.

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Adrenal Incidentaloma

Electron Kebebew

Summary: A 42-year-old woman involved in a motor vehicle accident was found to have a 3.2 cm left adrenal mass on CT scan, in addition to obesity and newly diagnosed mild hypertension. Physical examination revealed bruising in the upper abdomen but no other specific signs.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cortisol Co-Secretion and Clinical Usefulness of ACTH Stimulation Test in Primary Aldosteronism: A Systematic Review and Biases in Epidemiological Studies

Kosuke Inoue et al.

Summary: This article examines the role of cortisol cosecretion and the ACTH stimulation test in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, highlighting potential biases in previous studies and proposing advanced epidemiological/statistical methods to address these limitations. A better understanding of biases and an epidemiological perspective on this topic could lead to more robust evidence and balanced discussions on the clinical relevance of the HPA axis and the ACTH stimulation test in primary aldosteronism patients.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Synacthen Stimulation Test Following Unilateral Adrenalectomy Needs to Be Interpreted With Caution

Shamaila Zaman et al.

Summary: A study showed that conducting synacthen stimulation testing following unilateral adrenalectomy may falsely diagnose some patients as adrenally insufficient, leading to unnecessary steroid prescriptions.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Recent Development toward the Next Clinical Practice of Primary Aldosteronism: A Literature Review

Yuta Tezuka et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism (PA) has been recognized as a leading cause of secondary hypertension, with two major subtypes clinically identified as surgically curable and uncurable, requiring time-consuming and labor-intensive diagnostic procedures. Recent research has focused on PA prevalence, histopathological classification, diagnostic biomarkers, and prediction scores, aiming to improve early detection and decrease complications through better understanding of its epidemiology and pathology.

BIOMEDICINES (2021)

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Article Surgery

Endocrine hypertension secondary to adrenal tumors: clinical course and predictive factors of clinical remission

Uriel Clemente-Gutierrez et al.

Summary: Endocrinopathies account for around 10% of secondary hypertension causes, with primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, and Cushing's syndrome being common. A retrospective cohort study on patients who underwent adrenalectomy showed remission rates of 57-100% for SH, with several prognostic factors associated with clinical remission in patients with APA, CPA, and PHEO.

LANGENBECKS ARCHIVES OF SURGERY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Approach to the Patient with an Incidental Adrenal Mass

Xin He et al.

MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Concurrence of overt Cushing's syndrome and primary aldosteronism accompanied by aldosterone-producing cell cluster in adjacent adrenal cortex: case report

Yoshiro Fushimi et al.

Summary: Primary aldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome can sometimes co-occur, but overt cases of both are rare. Recent attention has shifted to the presence of aldosterone-producing cell clusters in adjacent adrenal cortex as a cause of primary aldosteronism, rather than aldosterone-producing adenomas.

BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Characteristics of preoperative steroid profiles and glucose metabolism in patients with primary aldosteronism developing adrenal insufficiency after adrenalectomy

Xiao Wang et al.

Summary: The study aimed to identify variables associated with post-operative adrenal insufficiency (AI) in patients with unilateral aldosterone producing adenoma (APA). Machine-learning methods and LC-MS/MS measurements were used to construct models, revealing that low insulin concentration during pre-operative oral glucose tolerance test and insufficient suppression of glucocorticoids following dexamethasone were correlated with the development of post-operative AI. Addition of steroid profiles improved prediction accuracy but lack of reliability was seen in cross validation.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Primary Aldosteronism: a Continuum from Normotension to Hypertension

Taweesak Wannachalee et al.

Summary: Recent clinical and molecular studies have shown that primary aldosteronism progresses through a series of stages, from pre-clinical to overt hormonal PA. Advances in genetics and histopathology have revealed a spectrum of PA pathology that spans from pre-clinical stages to severe disease. PA evolves from pre-hypertensive stages to resistant hypertension, with serious cardiovascular and renal consequences. Early recognition and targeted therapy are crucial for preventing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in many patients.

CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Surgical Outcomes of Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma on the Basis of the Histopathological Findings

Huiping Wang et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the surgical outcomes of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) patients based on functional pathological diagnosis, showing a high rate of clinical success postoperatively. Pathological analysis identified mainly APA and aldosterone-producing nodule (APN), with gender, duration of hypertension, and highest SBP as independent predictors for the postoperative cure of APA.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Immunohistochemical Analysis of CYP11B2, CYP11B1 and β-catenin Helps Subtyping and Relates With Clinical Characteristics of Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism

Luyan Sun et al.

Summary: The study found that CYP11B2 immunostaining could improve the differential diagnosis of unilateral hyperaldosteronism, and the adjusted CYP11B2 H-score reflects the severity of APA. Furthermore, abnormal beta-catenin staining was associated with various clinical indicators, suggesting that the Wnt pathway may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of hyperaldosteronism.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenal Vein Sampling in a Patient With Primary Hyperaldosteronism and Severe Contrast Allergy

Margaretha L. M. Prins et al.

Summary: This case report describes a 50-year-old female patient with primary hyperaldosteronism, where adrenal venous sampling and a high-dose adrenocorticotropin stimulation test were used to differentiate between unilateral and bilateral disease. The use of dexamethasone instead of other glucocorticoids for premedication ensured accurate and reliable results.

JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

The diagnostic accuracy of adjusted unconventional indices for adrenal vein sampling in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism subtypes

Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated the high accuracy of clinical/imaging-corrected unconventional indices for predicting unilateral primary aldosteronism, aiding in the selection of patients for adrenalectomy.

JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION (2021)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Variability of Aldosterone Measurements During Adrenal Venous Sampling for Primary Aldosteronism

Nicholas Yozamp et al.

Summary: The study investigated patients with primary aldosteronism who underwent adrenal venous sampling (AVS) and found significant variability in aldosterone concentrations during the procedure. A single measurement of venous aldosterone lacks precision and reproducibility in primary aldosteronism.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Urine steroid profile as a new promising tool for the evaluation of adrenal tumors. Literature review

Marta Araujo-Castro et al.

Summary: Urinary steroid profiling by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS offers a non-invasive and comprehensive assessment of adrenal steroidogenesis, complementing current evaluation methods for adrenal lesions and showing promise in diagnosing hormone excess and malignancy.

ENDOCRINE (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenal Vein Sampling in a Patient With Primary Hyperaldosteronism and Severe Contrast Allergy

Margaretha L. M. Prins et al.

Summary: This case report discusses a 50-year-old female patient with primary hyperaldosteronism who underwent adrenal venous sampling to differentiate between unilateral and bilateral disease. Premedication with glucocorticoids, specifically dexamethasone, was used to avoid potential confounding effects on cortisol measurements. High-dose ACTH stimulation test with dexamethasone and ACTH-stimulated adrenal venous sampling revealed reliable results for further clinical decision-making.

JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY (2021)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Renal damage in primary aldosteronism: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Silvia Monticone et al.

JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Controversies and advances in adrenal venous sampling in the diagnostic workup of primary aldosteronism

Martin Wolley et al.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenocortical hyperplasia: A multifaceted disease

Isabelle Bourdeau et al.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cushing's syndrome - Disease monitoring: Recurrence, surveillance with biomarkers or imaging studies

Oskar Ragnarsson

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Use of peripheral plasma aldosterone concentration and response to ACTH during simultaneous bilateral adrenal veins sampling to predict the source of aldosterone secretion in primary aldosteronism

Matthieu St-Jean et al.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Unilateral primary aldosteronism as an independent risk factor for vertebral fracture

Maki Yokomoto-Umakoshi et al.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Molecular genetics of human hypertension

Friedrich C. Luft

CURRENT OPINION IN CARDIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Comprehensive Analysis of Steroid Biomarkers for Guiding Primary Aldosteronism Subtyping

Adina F. Turcu et al.

HYPERTENSION (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Clinical characterization of patients with primary aldosteronism plus subclinical Cushing's syndrome

Shigemitsu Yasuda et al.

BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS (2020)

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Review Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Adrenal cortical carcinoma: pathology, genomics, prognosis, imaging features, and mimics with impact on management

Ayahallah A. Ahmed et al.

ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY (2020)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Primary Aldosteronism: At the Tipping Point

John W. Funder

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenocortical tumorigenesis: Lessons from genetics

Crystal D. C. Kamilaris et al.

BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Performance of the unilateral AV/IVC index in primary hyperaldosteronism subtype prediction: A validation study in a single tertiary centre

Onnicha Suntornlohanakul et al.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

ADRENAL VEIN SAMPLING WITHOUT DISCONTINUATION OF MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST THERAPY

Malini Ganesh et al.

ENDOCRINE PRACTICE (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index as Determinants of Surgical Outcome in Primary Aldosteronism

Mitsuhide Naruse et al.

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary Aldosteronism: Where Are We Now? Where to from Here?

John Watson Funder

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The Impact of Glucocorticoid Co-Secretion in Primary Aldosteronism on Thyroid Autoantibody Titers During the Course of Disease

Laura Handgriff et al.

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Primary Aldosteronism Decreases Insulin Secretion and Increases Insulin Clearance in Humans

Gail K. Adler et al.

HYPERTENSION (2020)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Approach to the Patient with Subclinical Cushing's Syndrome

Miomira Ivovic et al.

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Basal contralateral aldosterone suppression is rare in lateralized primary aldosteronism

Marie-Josee Desrochers et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Nadir Aldosterone Levels After Confirmatory Tests Are Correlated With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Primary Aldosteronism

Youichi Ohno et al.

HYPERTENSION (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cardiomyopathies and Adrenal Diseases

Luigi Petramala et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Endocrine Causes of Hypertension

Taniya de Silva et al.

CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Approach to patients with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas

Dimitra A. Vassiliadi et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES AND OBESITY (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary Aldosteronism and Bone Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shaomin Shi et al.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Article Oncology

Adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism: a 15-year national referral center experience

Tomaz Kocjan et al.

RADIOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Molecular Basis of Primary Aldosteronism and Adrenal Cushing Syndrome

Patricia Vaduva et al.

JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY (2020)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Presence of Subclinical Hypercortisolism in Clinical Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas Predicts Lower Clinical Success

Kang-Yung Peng et al.

HYPERTENSION (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Spironolactone reduces biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women with primary aldosteronism

Christian Adolf et al.

ENDOCRINE (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Left-right differences in adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism

Arina Miyoshi et al.

ENDOCRINE JOURNAL (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Primary aldosteronism concurrent with subclinical Cushing's syndrome: a case report and review of the literature

Yingxiao Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CASE REPORTS (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Treatment of Unilateral PA by Adrenalectomy: Potential Reasons for Incomplete Biochemical Cure

Yuhong Yang et al.

EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & DIABETES (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Pharmacological and analytical interference in hormone assays for diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma

Antoine-Guy Lopez et al.

ANNALES D ENDOCRINOLOGIE (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Primary Aldosteronism Is Associated With Cortisol Cosecretion

Judith Gerards et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

A disease-specific Quality of Life questionnaire for primary aldosteronism

Marieke Stientje Velema et al.

ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

High Prevalence of Diabetes in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism (PA) Associated With Subclinical Hypercortisolism and Prediabetes More Prevalent in Bilateral Than Unilateral PA: A Large, Multicenter Cohort Study in Japan

Yuko Akehi et al.

DIABETES CARE (2019)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

18-Oxocortisol Synthesis in Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Adenoma and Significance of KCNJ5 Mutation Status

Yuta Tezuka et al.

HYPERTENSION (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenal Insufficiency After Unilateral Adrenalectomy in Primary Aldosteronism: Long-Term Outcome and Clinical Impact

Daniel A. Heinrich et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Clinical and biochemical outcomes after adrenalectomy and medical treatment in patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism

Takuyuki Katabami et al.

JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Evaluation of bone health in patients with adrenal tumors

Shobana Athimulam et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES AND OBESITY (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Hypercortisolism and primary aldosteronism caused by bilateral adrenocortical adenomas: a case report

Kaiyun Ren et al.

BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Surgical Approach to Endocrine Hypertension in Patients with Adrenal Disorders

Jessica Shank et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

The relevance of cortisol co-secretion from aldosterone-producing adenomas

Padmanabh S. Bhatt et al.

HORMONES-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2019)

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Review Oncology

Diagnosis and management of primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia

Dimitra A. Vassiliadi et al.

ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Endothelial Dysfunction in Primary Aldosteronism

Zheng-Wei Chen et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genetic and epigenetic analyses of aldosterone-producing adenoma with hypercortisolemia

Mitsuhiro Kometani et al.

STEROIDS (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Metabolic Syndrome as a Predictor of Adrenal Functional Status: A Discriminant Multivariate Analysis Versus Logistic Regression Analysis

Charalampos Tsentidis et al.

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Efficient screening of patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma using the ACTH stimulation test

Toshihiro Kita et al.

HYPERTENSION RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cardiovascular Risks and Organ Damage in Secondary Hypertension

Oscar H. Cingolani

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Discordance Between Imaging and Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism Irrespective of Interpretation Criteria

Davis Sam et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

In situ metabolomics of aldosterone-producing adenomas

Masanori Murakami et al.

JCI INSIGHT (2019)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Success rate of adrenal venous sampling and predictors for success: a retrospective study

Thorsang Chayovan et al.

POLISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenal vein sampling with and without cosyntropin stimulation for detection of surgically remediable aldosteronism

Elena G. Violari et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES & METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Lower Trabecular Bone Score in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism: Human Skeletal Deterioration by Aldosterone Excess

Beom-Jun Kim et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Connshing syndrome - myth or reality?

Felix Beuschlein

ANNALES D ENDOCRINOLOGIE (2018)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Immunohistopathology and Steroid Profiles Associated With Biochemical Outcomes After Adrenalectomy for Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism

Lucie S. Meyer et al.

HYPERTENSION (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenal Venous Sampling for Assessment of Autonomous Cortisol Secretion

Grethe A. Ueland et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cortisol Excess in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism Impacts Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Christian Adolf et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2018)

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Letter Peripheral Vascular Disease

Adrenal venous sampling in dye-allergic primary aldosteronism patients: prevalence, pitfalls and a possible solution

Michele Battistel et al.

JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION (2018)

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Editorial Material Peripheral Vascular Disease

Visualizing Adrenal Steroids in Primary Aldosteronism: The Expected and the Unexplained

Celso E. Gomez-Sanchez et al.

HYPERTENSION (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone Health in Adrenal Disorders

Beom-Jun Kim et al.

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2018)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Adrenocortical incidentalomas and bone: from molecular insights to clinical perspectives

Barbara Altieri et al.

ENDOCRINE (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary aldosteronism as a cause of secondary osteoporosis

Antonio Stefano Salcuni et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Evaluation of Cortisol Production in Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma

Kosuke Inoue et al.

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in Primary Aldosteronism: A Systematic Review

Marieke S. Velema et al.

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Primary Aldosteronismas a Risk Factor for Vertebral Fracture

Masakazu Notsu et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2017)

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Letter Peripheral Vascular Disease

The impact of Connshing's syndrome - mild cortisol excess in primary aldosteronism drives diabetes risk

Felix Beuschlein et al.

JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Histopathological and genetic characterization of aldosterone-producing adenomas with concurrent subclinical cortisol hypersecretion: a case series

Francesco Fallo et al.

ENDOCRINE (2017)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Steroid metabolome analysis reveals prevalent glucocorticoid excess in primary aldosteronism

Wiebke Arlt et al.

JCI INSIGHT (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors

Martin Fassnacht et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2016)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Diagnosing and Managing Primary Aldosteronism in Hypertensive Patients: a Case-Based Approach

Robert M. Carey

CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS (2016)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Parathyroid Gland Function in Primary Aldosteronism

E. Asbach et al.

HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH (2015)

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