Evaluation of EV penetration level limit in distribution system applying charging and scheduling strategies

Traveling by electric vehicles (EVs) instead of conventional fuel cars is strongly supported by a lot of governments for the sustainable development of urban transportation. However, EVs increase the load in the distribution system which impacts the voltage stability in the distribution network. In this paper, a method for evaluation the largest EV number to be accommodated in the distribution system is proposed. First of all, a Monte Carlo charging model for electric vehicles is established. Then the EV charging schedule is determined with the TOU electricity price and the dispatch method to suppress the maximum peak load is presented. Ultimately, Considering the temporal and spatial features of EV charging, the maximum vehicle access capacity of the distribution network is calculated by the continuous power flow method. The developed method was tested in the PG&E 69-bus distribution system, and the results show that the EV penetration level evaluation method proposed is an efficient tool for the distribution system planning, as well as the voltage stability analysis with the fast increasing EVs in the distribution system. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Automated summary

This paper proposes a method for evaluating the maximum number of EVs that can be accommodated in the distribution system. The method includes establishing a charging model, determining the charging schedule, and calculating the maximum vehicle access capacity considering the temporal and spatial features of EV charging.